Properties of solids, liquids and gases

Can you stick the sheet in please?

Solids?

Solids

• Fixed shape

• Cannot flow

• Difficult to squash

• Can’t change volume

• Usually “feel” heavy

Liquids?

Liquids

• Shape can change

• Can flow

• Not easy to squash

• Cannot change volume

• Generally “feel” heavy

Gases?

Gases

• Shape can change

• Can flow

• Easy to squash

• Can change volume

• “Feel” light

Why?

The particles in a solid are close together.

The particles in a solid cannot move around, but they can vibrate.

The particles in a liquid are also close together.

The particles in a liquid also vibrate and can move around.

The particles in a gas are far apart.

The particles in a gas are moving very quickly.

For the same substance (e.g. water), the particles are the same size in the solid, liquid or gaseous forms.

Melting point of wax?

Table of results

Time (mins) Temp of wax (°C)

Cooling curves

The temperature stays the same during a change of state (melting, boiling etc.)

Time (mins)

Temp (°C)

Melting point

liquid

solid

solidifying

Melting points

The melting point is the same as the temperature that a liquid solidifies (turns back into a solid). For example ice melts at 0°C but water also freezes at 0°C.

Pressure in a gas?

http://phet.colorado.edu/sims/ideal-gas/gas-properties.jnlp

Pressure in a gas

• The particles collide with the sides of the container creating a force we call pressure.

http://phet.colorado.edu/sims/ideal-gas/gas-properties.jnlp

Diffusion?

Diffusion?

• The random movement of gas partciles cause them to spread out from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.