President Lincoln’s Cottage, Visitor Education Center, Washington, DC
Sustainable Stewardship Greening the Historic Sites of theGreening the Historic Sites of the
National Trust
Greening Historic Buildings in theGreening Historic Buildings in the 21st Century
Dickinson Collegeg
Barbara A. Campagna, FAIA, LEED APGraham Gund Architect of the National
Trust
The National Trust for Historic Preservatione at o a ust o sto c ese at oThe National Trust provides leadership,education, advocacy and resources to save America'sadvocacy and resources to save America s diverse historic places and revitalize our communities.
The National Trust HeadquartersThe National Trust Headquarters,Dupont Circle, Washington, DC
PROGRAMSOG SThe Programs department supports local preservationists in saving and enhancing g ghistoric resources.
The Boston AvenueChurch, Tulsa, OK
PUBLIC POLICYAdvocates the integration of preservation into public policies before federal, state, and local legislative bodies and appointed officials and pursues annual federal appropriations for state hi t i ti d thhistoric preservation and other programs.
COMMUNITY REVITALIZATIONAssists states and communities in the revitalization of business districts within a preservation context.The Main Street Program is one of the most well known programs of the Trust.
The French Quarter, New Orleans, LA
STEWARDSHIP OF HISTORIC SITESS S O S O C S S29 Historic Sites Across the Country that tell the many-layered story of America.y y y
Drayton Hall, Charleston, SC
WHY ARE HISTORIC & EXISTING BUILDINGS IMPORTANT TO CLIMATEBUILDINGS IMPORTANT TO CLIMATE CHANGE?BUILDINGS ACCOUNT FOR ALMOST HALF OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS IN THE UNITED STATESSTATES
Smog in the Hollywood Hills, CA
U.S. CARBON EMISSIONS
US = 22% of greenhouse gases/5% of world population
Griffith Observatory, Hollywood Hills, CA
Why Buildings MatterAnnually—
43% f b= 43% of carbon emissions are from the operation (not including construction)including construction) of buildingsSource: Pew Center on Climate Change
= 71% of electricity goes to buildingsSource: USGBCSource: USGBC
= 40% of raw materials are used for constructionSource: USGBC
R.J. Reynolds Factory, Winston-Salem, NC
GOAL OF THE NATIONAL TRUST’S SUSTAINABILITY PROGRAMMAKE THE CASE FOR PRESERVATION AS INHERENTLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT & CRUCIAL TO CONTROLLING CLIMATE CHANGE
Pike Place Market, Seattle, WA
SUSTAINABLE STEWARDSHIP PRINCIPLES
1 ) R i ti b ildi
SUS S S C S
1.) Reuse existing buildings
2 ) Reinvest in communities2.) Reinvest in communities
3.) Retrofit older buildings) g
4.) Respect historic integrityImage Courtesy USGBC
D li hi thiNegates the benefits of
li 78 000 000Demolishing this… recycling 78,000,000 aluminum cans
National Trust for Historic Preservation Headquarters, Washington DC
Source: Advisory Council on Historic Preservation
Photo: Planet Ark, 2008
Source: Advisory Council on Historic Preservation and National Trust for Historic Preservation
Reinvestment in Older and Historic CommunitiesCommunities…
Virginia State Capitol, Richmond, VA
Counters the threat of S p r a w lPhoto:USDA-NRCS
Retrofit Green…Retrofit Green… Many historic buildings are already energy efficient
Average energy consumption Btu/sq ftAverage energy consumption Btu/sq. ftCommercial Buildings (non malls)Before 1920 80,1271920 – 1945 90,2341946 – 1959 80,1981960 – 1969 90,9761970 – 1979 94,9681980 – 1989 100,0771980 1989 100,0771990 – 1999 88,8342000 – 2003 79,703
S C i l B ildi E C tiSource: Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey, 2003U.S. Department of Energy
Retrofit Green
• Many
Retrofit Green
Traditional Buildings Were Built toWere Built to Last
Old San Juan, San Juan, Puerto Rico
Retrofit Green
• Energy
Retrofit Green
performance can be improvedimproved
• Many rehabilitationrehabilitation projects are going greengoing green
William K Nakamura U S CourthouseWilliam K. Nakamura U.S. Courthouse LEED-SilverSeattle, WA
Respect Historic IntegrityPresident Lincoln’s CottageVEC
President Lincoln’s Cottage Visitors Education CenterPhoto: National Trust for Historic Preservation
How do we promote reuse, reinvestmentand green retrofits?
Federal, StateFederal, State and Local PolicyPolicy
Supported by Research andResearch and Outreach
THE SUSTAINABLE PRESERVATION COALITIONHow To Best Integrate Preservation & Cultural gValues Into LEED & Green Rating Systems
Frank Lloyd Wright’s Price Tower,Bartlesville, OK
LEED & HISTORIC PRESERVATION CURRENTLY
1. Out of 69 points, about 20 are building type neutral.
2. Another 10 support preservation activities.
3. Any existing building can basically get a “certified” rating with very little effort.
4. Getting “silver” requires a bit more effort and “gold” is readily achievable.
Levels of LEED Ratings
Green Buildings worldwide are certifiedworldwide are certified with a voluntary,consensus-based rating system.USGBC has four l l f LEED
Test
levels of LEED.
USING LEED ON A HISTORIC BUILDINGUS G O S O C U GSlipping into Gold Without Really Noticing It
President Lincoln’s Cottage,Old S ldi ’ H
President Lincoln’s Cottage,Vi it Ed ti C tOld Soldier’s Home
Washington, DCVisitor Education CenterWashington, DC
THE NATIONAL TRUST & THE US GREEN BUILDING COUNCILUS GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL
Building a Partnershipg p
Changing the Face of LEED
REVISING LEED – LEED 2009Ch i LEED t i ht d t b dChanging LEED to a weighted system based on LCA Indicators & Preservation/Social/Cultural MetricsMetrics
LEED - POINT BASED SYSTEM SCORECARD
LEED v3 20093 key pieces:3 key pieces:- LEED Rating System updates and revisions - Revision and evolution of the LEED certification process
LEED Online v3NC 2.2 v3
Sustainable Sites 14 26Water Efficiency 5 10
- LEED Online v3
Water Efficiency 5 10Energy & Atmosphere 17 35Materials & Resources 13 14Indoor Env Quality 15 15I ti & D i 5 6Innovation & Design 5 6Regional Bonus 0 4
69 110Project Totals 110 Possible PointsjCertified 40–49 points Silver 50–59 points Gold 60–79 points Platinum 80 110 pointsPlatinum 80–110 points
WHAT IS LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT?A methodology for assessing the environmental performance of a product over its full life cycle
A famous Annapolis Doorway!
LEED 2009 Virtual Bookshelf
Regionalization
Hotel De Paris, Georgetown, CO
LEED 2009 Virtual Bookshelf
ALTERNATE COMPLIANCE PATH FOR EXISTING BUILDINGS: LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF BUILDING ASSEMBLIESBUILDING ASSEMBLIES
Frank Lloyd Wright Home & StudioOak Park, IL
Sustainable Preservation CoalitionLEED ND — Just Approved, October 2009
Image: USGBCManitou Springs, Colorado
Sustainable Preservation CoalitionLEED ND — Green Infrastructure Building Credit 5 EXISTING BUILDING REUSECredit 5 EXISTING BUILDING REUSE
Image: USGBCReliance Building/Hotel Burnham, Chicago, IL
Sustainable Preservation CoalitionLEED ND —Green Infrastructure Building Credit 6 HISTORIC RESOURCE PRESERVATION ANDHISTORIC RESOURCE PRESERVATION AND ADAPTIVE USE
Office Building, K Street & g,Connecticut AvenueWashington, DC
LEED 2011 Virtual Bookshelf
Adding more cultural/historic preservation and social metricssocial metrics
Hagerstown, Maryland
THE NATIONAL TRUST & THE US GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL
Building a Partnership
Ch i th F f LEEDChanging the Face of LEED
LEED 3 0/2009LEED 3.0/2009Weighting using LCAAlternative Compliance usingp gDurability of Materials
LEED 2011Preservation/Social Metrics
BY 2030 50% OF ALL BUILDINGS WILL HAVE BEEN ERECTED AFTER 2000HAVE BEEN ERECTED AFTER 2000:82 billion sq. ft. demolished – Brookings Institute, 2004
Milwaukee Art Museum, Calatrava
WE CAN’T BUILD OUR WAY OUT OF GLOBAL WARMING….
The Pritzker Pavilion, Millennium Park, Chicago, IL
WE ALSO CAN’T FREEZE OUR WAY OUT OF IT….
The Governor’s Palace, Colonial Williamsburg, VA
IT’S ALL ABOUT
CHOICE &CHOICE & BALANCE
Iron Spring, Manitou Springs, CO
Going Green at our Historic SitesBEST PRACTICES
January 2010
Image: USGBC
Going Green at our Historic SitesBEST PRACTICESJanuary 2010January 2010
Section on GreenSection on Green Housekeeping & Sustainable PracticesSustainable Practices
OUR FIRST LEED CERTIFIED PROJECTOU S C OJ CThe Cottage Itself – Not LEED, but respects itsLocation and climateLocation and climate
OUR FIRST LEED CERTIFIED PROJECTOU S C OJ CThe Cottage – Reusing the Shutters & Windows
OUR FIRST LEED CERTIFIED PROJECTOU S C OJ CThe VEC – 44 Points Makes it a LEED GOLD
SUSTAINABLE SITES – 9 out of 14 PointsSUS S S 9 out o o ts
SUSTAINABLE SITES – 9 out of 14 PointsSUS S S 9 out o o ts
WATER EFFICIENCY – 4 out of 5 PointsC C out o 5 o ts
WATER EFFICIENCY – 4 out of 5 PointsC C out o 5 o ts
ENERGY & ATMOSPHERE – 5 out of 17G & OS 5 out o
ENERGY & ATMOSPHERE – 5 out of 17G & OS 5 out o
MATERIALS & RESOURCES – 9 out of 13S & SOU C S 9 out o 3
MATERIALS & RESOURCES – 9 out of 13S & SOU C S 9 out o 3
MATERIALS & RESOURCES – 9 out of 13S & SOU C S 9 out o 3
INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY – 12 OO O QUout of 15 Points
INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY – 12 OO O QUout of 15 Points
INNOVATION & DESIGN PROCESS – All 5O O & S G OC SS 5
SUSTAINABLE PRESERVATIONSUS S OReuse, Reinvest, Retrofit & Respect
OUR FIRST LEED CERTIFIED PROJECTOU S C OJ CReuse, Reinvest, Respect, Retrofit
Going Green at our Historic SitesGREEN HOUSEKEEPING
Lyndhurst, Tarrytown, NY
Going Green at our Historic SitesGREEN HOUSEKEEPING
South Gate House, Lyndhurst, Tarrytown, NY
Going Green at our Historic SitesSUSTAINABILITY MASTER PLAN
Kykuit, Tarrytown, NY
Going Green at our Historic SitesRETHINKING CULTURAL LANDSCAPES
Villa Finale, San Antonio, TX
Going Green at our Historic SitesRETHINKING CULTURAL LANDSCAPES
Filoli, Woodside, CA
Going Green at our Historic SitesRETHINKING CULTURAL LANDSCAPES
Cooper-Molera Adobe, Monterey, CA
Going Green at our Historic SitesRETHINKING CULTURAL LANDSCAPES
Cooper-Molera Adobe, Monterey, CA
Going Green at our Historic SitesSUSTAINABLE REHABILITATIONWithout LEEDWithout LEED
Cliveden, Philadelphia, PAE i t l M t P j tEnvironmental Management Project
Cliveden - Passive Approaches for I d E i t l C t lImproved Environmental Control
• Separate humans from collections• Separate humans from collections– Relocate offices out of the Main House
R l t ll ti t t f th M i– Relocate collections storage out of the Main House
I l f• Improve envelope performance– Reduce water penetration and humidity at
b tbasement– Reduce air infiltration
I l d l i– Insulate and seal attic
Cliveden - Low Tech ImprovementsCliveden Low Tech Improvements
• Replace atticReplace attic insulation
• Refurbish site d i tdrainage to reduce water
t ti tpenetration at basement
Cliveden - New HVAC System
• Replace gas-fired boiler in Wash Housein Wash House
• Replace basement air• Replace basement air handler
• Control heat by humidistat--maintain
i t h idit l lwinter humidity levels above 25%, with steam humidifier back-uphumidifier back up
Cliveden - New HVAC System
• Cooling coil at the air handler to maintainhandler to maintain summer humidity level below 70%
• Air circulation from basement to attic w/
t i i h ftreturns in new air shafts and lined chimneys
• New chiller behind WashNew chiller behind Wash House sized for future air conditioning in tenant spaces
WOODROW WILSON HOUSE
Evaluating the Environmental Needs of the Entire Site
Woodrow Wilson House - Project A hApproach• To provide the highest level of stewardship of p g p
the building and the collections in the most sustainable manner possible;
• To maintain authenticity of the site and enhance the visitor experience;
Making the Case for HISTORIC WINDOWSHISTORIC WINDOWS
Vinyl windows, landfill-boundPhoto: J. Lindberg
Recycled Wood WindowsPhoto: J. Lindberg
Image: Department of Energy
NCPTT GRANTHISTORIC WINDOWSHISTORIC WINDOWS
ASSESSMENT PROJECT
Villa Finale, San Antonio, TXPhoto: Carol Highsmith
NCPTT GRANTHISTORIC WINDOWSHISTORIC WINDOWS
ASSESSMENT PROJECT
Lyndhurst, Tarrytown, NYPhoto: Carol Highsmith
Challenge Ahead: Climate Change & Our g gHistoric Sites
Cliveden, Philadelphia, PAMicroburst June 2007
Climate Change & Our Historic Sitesg
Cliveden, Philadelphia, PAMicroburst June 2007
Climate Change & Our Historic Sitesg
Villa Finale, San AntonioTropical Storm, August 2007
Climate Change & Our Historic Sitesg
Brucemore, Cedar Rapids, IowaI St D 2007Ice Storms Dec. 2007
Climate Change & Our Historic Sitesg
Brucemore, Cedar Rapids, IowaIce Storms Dec. 2007
Climate Change & Our Historic Sitesg
Farnsworth House, Plano, ILFlash Flood August 24, 2007
Climate Change & Our Historic Sitesg
Farnsworth House, Plano, ILFlash Flood September 2007
Climate Change & Our Historic Sitesg
Farnsworth House, Plano, ILFlash Flood August 24, 2007
Climate Change & Our Historic Sitesg
Farnsworth House, Plano, ILFlash Flood August 24, 2007
Climate Change & Our Historic Sitesg
Farnsworth House, Plano, ILFlash Flood September 2008
Challenge Ahead: Modernism + Recent Past
Photograph courtesy National Trust for Historic Preservation. Photographer: Carol Highsmith.
Challenge Ahead: Modernism + Recent Past
Philip Johnson Glass House, New Canaan, CT
Challenge Ahead: Modernism + Recent Past
Restoration of the Brick HousePhilip Johnson Glass House, New Canaan, CT
The Green Issuehttp://www.preservationnation.org/magazine/2008/january-februaryt bl f t t ht ltable-of-contents.html
THE SUSTAINABILITY PROGRAMTHE SUSTAINABILITY PROGRAMhttp://www.preservationnation.org/issues/sustainability/
The Green Issue - 2http://www.preservationnation.org/magazine/2009/march-april/
http://www.preservationnation.org/magazine/2009/march-april/
www.PreservationNation.org
SPREAD THE WORDbeyond green building blog
http://blogs.nationaltrust.org/preservatiltrust.org/preservationnation/?cat=6
SPREAD THE WORDTrue Green / Historic Sites Blog
htt // hi t i ithttp://www.historicsites.wordpress.com
THANK YOU!THANK YOU!