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Electronic Housings
Considerations, Standards and Practicesfor Industrial Applications
By Mike Nager
Phoenix Contact,
Inc.
The following was presented at
the IPC APEX EXPO Conference
and Exhibition in Las Vegas, April
13, 2011. The notes provided in
this scroll have been added for
on-line use. A technical paper is
also available providing more
detailed technical information. Allrights reserved.
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What is Industrial?
Its good to
define our termsup front, sotheres no
confusion. Justwhat do I meanby industrial?
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This
Instead of long
windedexplanations,lets just give
some examples.This is anexample of
industrial. Itsan outdoorharbormonitoring app.
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Flickr/ rack in pro tools suite / Chris Campbell
Not That!
But audio / video
equipment is notwhat I considerindustrial. Suchequipment ismounted inracks, indoors
and not subjectto harshenvironments.
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Flickr/Pelco Surveillance Cameras/takomabibelot
This
Security
applications,especially whenoutside, aregood examplesof industrial.
Note the all the
steel cabinetsundoubtedlyPCBs are inside.
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Flickr/ the pinky rack / pallotron
Not That!
But the IT racks
that many of arefamiliar with donot fit theindustrialdefinition for thisdiscussion.
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This
Electronics usedin any type ofpowergeneration willalmost always fitour idea ofindustrial. Here
is a panel usedat a solar plant.
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Flickr/ altoids crystal radio /BitHead
Not That!
But devicesused forpersonal or evencommercial usewill not requireindustrial
housings
almost any willdo for theseapplications.
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Flickr / Not a sign of sunshine / cablefreak
This
Applications formonitoring,controlling, orautomating thecollection of dataare oftenindustrial.
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Flickr/Jardin Electrique/meddygarnet
Not That!
While others arenot, but theyshould be.Actually Im not
sure exactlywhat to sayabout this
housing choiceother than dont
touch it!
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How to Protect a
Sensitive Product?
Flickr / JTAG board 1 / AMagill
The primarypurpose of anyelectronichousing is toprotect yourPCB design
and perhaps
even increasethe functionalityof the circuit.
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Control Cabinets
Remember thephotos - the endproduct will beplaced into acontrol cabinet,often made ofsteel, to keep out
the harshenvironments. Aback mountingplate is used.
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Panel Mount
Flickr / backs of small drives /
Panel mountingis a way ofputting electronicdevices in thecabinet but its
not very flexible.Individual and
unique mountingholes areneeded for everydevice.
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DIN Rail Dimensions
DIN rail follows astandarddeveloped inEurope soproducts fromdifferentmanufacturers
are guaranteedto work witheach other.
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DIN Rail Variations
It comes in acouple differentsizes and is soldin two meterlengths whichare cut to fit ontothe mounting
plate, eithervertically orhorizontally.
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Easy On / Easy Off
A really nicefeature is thathousing simplyclick onto the railwith no tools,and are alsoeasily removed
with just ascrewdriver!
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Vertical and Horizontal PCBs
PCB boards arealso defined bytheir orientationto the DIN rail.On the left, isone horizontalPCB and on the
right, two typesof vertical PCBsalignments areshown.
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Grounding
Flickr / Keeping my feet on the ground / purplemattfish
No, not this typeof ground. I wantto discusselectricalgroundingconsiderations!
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Grounding
Electronichousings cantake advantageof the fact thatDIN rails arealmost alwayselectrically
grounded so aspecial foot can
bring it into thePCB circuit!
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IP Ratings
IP rating andtouch safe isvery importantfor the housingand connectors.Test apparatus isused to
determine ifproducts meetthe safetyrequirements.
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Busing Options
Flickr / East London Bus Group / AndrewHA
No, not this typeof bus. I meantto discusselectricalbusingconsiderations!
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Busing Options
It is possible touse the housingto bus commonpower and signalconnectionswithout daisy-chaining wires
between thedevices. Severaltypes are shownhere.
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PCB Trays
The simplestway of getting aPCB circuit ontoa DIN rail is touse a tray thatholds the circuitto the rail. Quick
and easy - notmuch protectionfor the PCBthough.
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Tray Accessories Protective Covers
Labels
But even for traysystems, thereare some niceaccessories likecovers andlabels that canreally polish up
the appearanceand make it looknice.
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More Functional Housing
Fully Enclosed
IP20
Vented
User Configurable PCB
Removable or Fixed
Connectors
Grounding via DIN rail
Narrow design
Housings withmany morefeatures areavailablehowever. Sincecustomersinteract with your
circuit via thehousing,consider all yourchoices carefully.
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Building Automation
DIN 43880
For built-in
electronicsStandardized
dimensions
For buildingautomationapplications,especially inEurope, aspecific standardhas been
devised so alldevices will worktogether.
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Special Application Colors
Colors can beused to signifyspecificindustrialapplicationssuch as safetycircuits or
intrinsically safecircuits. Or justprovide visualappeal!
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Power DissipationTable 2: Maximum Heat Dissipation:
How Vents and Spacing Change the Maximum AllowedHeating [i]
@ 20C Ambient Temperature
Vents Present?
Yes No
No spacing between housings 4.4 W 4.3 W
20 mm between housings 8.4 W 7.1 W
[i] Data from Phoenix Contact ME 12,5 series of electronic housings
Housingmanufacturerswill give youguidelines onhow much heata housing candissipate under
certainconditions.
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Temperature Derating
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Heat dissipationcapability can besharply reducedif the expectedambienttemperature isgreatly elevated
though!
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Thermography
Before After
After circuitprototyping, itsuseful tothermally imagethe design in thehousingto makesure there are no
hot spots andoptimize thedesign!
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Test and Standards to prevent
UL94 IEC Glow Wire Test
Reputablehousing vendorsshould be ableto tell you whatflammabilitystandards thehousings are
designed to.
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Flickr/ inside the control box / Tom Gill (lapstrake)
This.
Because the lastthing you want isfor the circuit tocause a fire oremit harmfulfumes if it ignitesfor any reason.
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Customization
Milling Injection Molding
Sometimes youmay need holesor slots in thehousing for lightindication oraccess topotentiometers.
Different choicesare available.
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ConnectorsPluggable
or Fixed
Technologies
Connectors areextremelyimportant sinceyour customerinterfaces withthem directlytechnologies are
available toprovide theoptimal userexperience.
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Questions?
Flickr/Kookaburra-in-the-junction box/Trois Ttes (TT)
Thanks forhanging through
to the end! Formuch moredetailedinformation viewor download the
actual technicalwhitepaper!
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Thank you
Mike Nager
I can be contacted at Mike Nager on LinkedIn, Twitter
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]