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NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION
Non verbal methods of communication
include all things, other than words and
language, that can convey meaning.
Non verbal communication is independent of
verbal communication ; but verbal
communication is always accomapanied by
non verbal communication
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Uses
Best way to convey to illiterate people.
Response to visuals and plain sounds ispowerful than to a language .
Non verbal communication aid verbalcommunication.
Instant effect because of quicker grasp by thereceiver.
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TYPES OF NONVERBAL
COMMUNICATION
Proxemics.
Kinesics.
Chronemics.
Paralanguage. Silence.
Haptics.
Clothing.
Territoriality.
Olfactics.
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PROXEMICS
Proxemics is the study of how people use and
perceive the physical space around them. Thespace between the sender and the receiver of amessage influences the way the message isinterpreted.
Space in nonverbal communication may bedivided into four main categories:
Intimate
Social
PersonalPublic
The distance between communicators will alsodepend on sex, status, and social role
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DISTANCE DESCRIPTION VOICE
INTIMATE Touching to 18
inches
Private situation with
people who are
emotionally close
whisper
PERSONAL 18 inches to 4
feet
Handshake distance Soft voice
CASUAL 4 to 12 feet Distance betweencustomers and people
Full voice
PUBLIC 12 feet Teacher in a class room Loud voice
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KINESICS
Body language or kinesics :
- Body Movement.
- Gestures.
- Posture.
- Facial Expressions.
- Eye Contact.
Communication depends heavily on the
actions , postures, movements andexpression
of our bodies by Desmond Morris(1979).
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CHRONEMICS
Chronemics
the study of our use of time. ancient cultures have established their own
system in measuring time which differs from
one to another.
Example : Muslims use moon-based calendar system,
The usage of time varies from culture to
culture.
Example : Arabs engage in up to half an hour of informal
conversation before turning to business
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PARALANGUAGE
Paralanguage include the
following:
- Vocal characterizers such as
laughter and sobs.
- Vocal qualifiers, such as
intensity(loud/soft),pitch(high/low)
, extent(clipping).
- Vocal segregates, such as
Uh, Um and Uh-huh
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SILENCE
Silence can communicate Agreement.
Disagreement.
Confusion. Respect.
Sadness.
Thoughtfulness, or any number ofmeanings
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HAPTICS STUDY OF TOUCH
Touch can communicate : Affection.
Attention.
Announcing a response. Greetings inclusion.
Departures.
Support.
Sexual interest.
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CLOTHINGS
Clothing can reflect culturalheritage.
Example:
Traditional clothing ofGambia
Clothing can reflect subgroup
identity. Example:
US Army Combat Uniform
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TERITORIALITY
Territorialityrefers to how space can be used to
communicate messages.
OLFACTICS
The study of communication via
smell is called Olfactics .