Poverty Reduction & NREGS, District – North Bastar Kanker (Chhattisgarh)
Context- where we are !
Source: Chhattisgarh Human Development Report, 2005
Category Value Rank in state
Human Development Index .397 12th
Education Index Value .758 7th Health Index Value .280 12th Income index Value .152 13th
NREGS Significance
Because of agriculture & forest produces based livelihood and in absence of major industries, NREGS has a great significance for the local community.
In year 2008-09, Kanker district provided an avg. Rs 4192/- per household worked under NREGS (6th in the state)
NREGS contribution in household income
Chhattisgarh (08-09)
Effectively implemented, NREGA has the potential to transform the geographyof poverty (source:- NREGS operational guideline 2008 )
Dantewada 8
Bastar 15
Kanker 6
Dhamtari 9
Mahasamund 13
Raipur 10
Durg 16
Rajnandgaon 4
Kawardha 1
Bilaspur 2
Janjgir-Champa 11
Korba 14
Raigarh 12
Jashpur 5
Surguja 7
Koriya 3
Present study Covers
Findings based on information from district NREGS cell & field visit
The issues covered are :
1- Management aspects - Implementation process, Staffing, Fund Flow
2- The coverage aspects – General Coverage Fund Utilisation Priority of the works Inclusion of the disadvantaged group
Management Aspects
Background – NREGS, Kanker
NREGS started in the district in year 2005-06
Perspective Plan Prepared
Annual plan prepared each year
In 4th year of it’s progress
Human Resource:
Staff gap not a major hindrance for the implementation, but can increase efficiency.
DPC (Collector)
Ad. DPC ( CEO, ZP)
Project Officer in-Charge (Addi. CEO, ZP)
Asst. Project Officer
IEC Asst. (1), Asst. Grade II- (3), Comp. Ope. (2)
Sarpanch, Secretary & Rojgar Sahayak
District
Janpad
GramPan.
Monitoring Officer (CEO)
Program officer Tech. Asst-4
Accountant -1, Computer Operator -2Peon -1
Asst. Grade (II )- 1
Program Officer – 1, Tech. Asst. - 13
Gram Rojgar Sahayak - 9
Staff gap.Proposed
Implementation Process
Each Janpad/ department has a shelf of approved works, which can be taken as per the need/ requirement
Janpad Office
Proposals from the Gram Panchayat
Zila Panchayat, CEO ZP
Prep. Technical Estimates
Administrative Sanction By DPC
Janpad levelIssue work order
Line Dept.Issue work order
Line Dept.
CE, RES
SE, RES
Ex. En, RES
AE , RES
Present Payment Structure
Muster-roll/ Issue (Start
of work)
Muster-roll/ Bill submission
(weekly)
Running Measureme
nt
Order from Janapad/ Dept. to
Bank/ Post Office
Receiving of payment by labour (from a/c in Bank/ Post Office)
Monitoring
Level Mainly by % of works (to be mon.)
State Commissioner/ 2%Asst. Commissioner/ Dy. Commissioner/ Joint Director/Training Expert
Divisional Divisional Commissioner 5%District DPC,
AD DPC, Line Department
10%
PO, APO, PRO
Janpad CEO, Program Officer, AE (RES), Tech. Asst.,
100%
Panchayat Sarpanch, 100%Surveillance Committee
Coverage Aspects
Coverage
No gap in Job demanded & provided (last 2 years)
% of household having job cards got job in 08-09 = 63
% household completing 100 days (out of household provided job) = 11
Need to increase the % of households completing minimum 100 days
Coverage Cont.
The Job cards are issued in the proportion of category population
(as per census 2001).
Census 2001 Population
SC - Proportion 56 %
ST - Proportion 4%
Coverage Cont.
Person days generated in 2008-09, are 46% point lower than, in year 2007-08. Other category (incl. OBC) is showing a sharp decrease over last 3 years Projected person days for next year = 77.73 lakhs
Social Inclusion
Year 06-07 07-08 08-09
Disabled beneficiaries (person days/ nos) 178 754 249 (nos.)
Gender participation in person days is in favor of the female, decreasing trend (need further disaggregated review)
Opportunity for involving more disabled beneficiaries
NREGS goal: Strong social safety net for the vulnerable groups
Fund Utilization
An opportunity loss of utilizing of 93.19 crores (in last three years) Utilisation rate last year was among lowest in the state
Fund Utilization – Janapd Panchayat
Kanker, Narharpur & Durgkondal recorded higher exp. (in absolute num.) Durg Kondal and Antagarh experienced the lowest utilization rate.
Fund Utilization – Line Department
Forest, Water Res., Agri., Hort. recorded higher expenditure. (in absolute num.) Works not taken under agriculture and horticulture in year 2008-09 Forest dept reflect a lower utilisation rate
(NGO's/ Samiti/ SHG
etc)
No. of works completed 2006-09
Higher nos. of work were taken under land development activity. Study on the impacts of the works is of significance
Expenditure 2006 - 09
Major investment in 2006-09 Rural Connectivity > Drought Proofing > Land Dev. Proposed investment in 2009-10 Rural Connectivity > Water cons.> Land Dev.
Transparency
Social audit being conducted in presence of deputed functionaries from line dept.
No persons received unemployment allowance
Approx > 2,00,000 persons with account (bank (64%)/ post office(36%)) – workers getting money in their a/c. (imply fair payment)
Recent enhancement of administrative cost from 4 % to 6 %, has provided scope to further strengthen transparency & accountability
Utilisation issues
Food req. for HH available at lower
rate is good, it also influences demand Higher wages
option from forest produce (tendu
patta etc)
Nexal disturbance (in blocks)- it affects quality too
Lower Utilisation in NREGS
(Work demand)
Lower demand from the Gram
Panchayat
Drought relief works (get’s
more priority)
Payment through bank (no scope of
margin)
Need of intensive IEC for demand
Challenges in utilisation are of complex in nature & need wider consultation.
Priority of efficient utilisation is equally relevant along with increasing utilisation
Low interest/ exp. from line depart
24
Review of findings
Greater thrust require in employment related programmes
Implementation mechanism in place (shelf of approved works available on demand)
Need of study on the impacts of the work taken
Challenges of generating demand (strong IEC measures)
Challenge of ensuring quality (in Naxel affected blocks)
Need of stakeholders consultation for increasing utilisation
Thank You