![Page 1: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating wind energyMichael Borg
DTU Wind Energy
Technical University of Denmark
International Workshop on Life-Cycle Costing of Offshore Wind Turbines and Farms
October 1st 2015, University of Maryland
![Page 2: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
01 October 2015
Outline
• Introduction
• Offshore wind life cycle value chain
• Floating wind turbine system
• Alternative concepts
• Improved design tools for cost reduction
• Case studies
• Conclusions
2
![Page 3: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
01 October 2015
Introduction
3
![Page 4: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
01 October 2015
Introduction
Why offshore wind energy?
Need for more sustainable energytechnologies
Wind energy is one promisingtechnology
Offshore: more wind and lessobstacles for larger turbines
4
![Page 5: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
01 October 2015
Introduction
Why offshore wind energy?
Need for more sustainable energytechnologies
Wind energy is one promisingtechnology
Offshore: more wind and lessobstacles for larger turbines
5
![Page 6: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
01 October 2015
Introduction
Why floating offshore wind energy?
• Fixed foundations not economicallyfeasible in water depths >50m
• Transition to floating foundations
• Trend so far to ‘marinize’ onshore wind turbines
6
![Page 7: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
01 October 2015
Offshore Wind Value Chain
Contributors to the final cost of energy
Site Development
Systems Design
Procurement&
Manufacturing
Transport &
Installation
Operation & Maintenance
Decommisioning
7
![Page 8: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
01 October 2015
Offshore Wind Value Chain
Contributors to the final cost of energy
Site Development
Systems Design
Procurement&
Manufacturing
Transport &
Installation
Operation & Maintenance
Decommisioning
8
![Page 9: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
01 October 2015
Floating wind turbine systems
9
![Page 10: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
01 October 2015
Incident Wind
Waves
Currents
Elasticity
Station-keeping
Turbine control
10
![Page 11: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
01 October 2015
Alternative concepts: HAWTs vs VAWTs
• Two main types of wind turbines
– Horizontal-axis
– Vertical-axis
11
![Page 12: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
01 October 2015
HAWTs vs VAWTs
12
![Page 13: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
01 October 2015
HAWTs vs VAWTs
0
40
80
120
160
-120 -80 -40 0 40 80 120
Vert
ical d
istan
ce (m
)
Hoizontal distance (m)
REpower 5MW HAWT(swept area: 12,469m2)
NOVA 5MW design D19(swept area: 11,139m2)
Nacelle
Nacelle
Thrust force CP
Thrust force CP
13
![Page 14: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
01 October 2015
HAWTs vs VAWTs
0
40
80
120
160
-120 -80 -40 0 40 80 120
Vert
ical d
istan
ce (m
)
Hoizontal distance (m)
REpower 5MW HAWT(swept area: 12,469m2)
NOVA 5MW design D19(swept area: 11,139m2)
Nacelle
Nacelle
Thrust force CP
Thrust force CP
14
![Page 15: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
01 October 2015
HAWTs vs VAWTs
0
40
80
120
160
-120 -80 -40 0 40 80 120
Vert
ical d
istan
ce (m
)
Hoizontal distance (m)
REpower 5MW HAWT(swept area: 12,469m2)
NOVA 5MW design D19(swept area: 11,139m2)
Nacelle
Nacelle
Thrust force CP
Thrust force CP
More details in (Borg, 2015)
15
![Page 16: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
01 October 2015
HAWTs vs VAWTs
0
40
80
120
160
-120 -80 -40 0 40 80 120
Vert
ical d
istan
ce (m
)
Hoizontal distance (m)
REpower 5MW HAWT(swept area: 12,469m2)
NOVA 5MW design D19(swept area: 11,139m2)
Nacelle
Nacelle
Thrust force CP
Thrust force CP
More details in (Borg, 2015)
16
![Page 17: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
01 October 2015
Improved design tools for cost reduction
Offshore wind value chain
Contributors to the final cost of energy
Site Development
Systems Design
Procurement&
Manufacturing
Transport &
Installation
Operation & Maintenance
Decommisioning
17
![Page 18: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
01 October 2015
Improved design tools for cost reduction
18
![Page 19: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
01 October 2015
Improved design tools for cost reduction
Based on (Schløer, 2014)19
![Page 20: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
01 October 2015
Improved design tools for cost reduction
Based on (Schløer, 2014)20
![Page 21: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
01 October 2015
Improved design tools for cost reduction
Based on (Schløer, 2014)21
![Page 22: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
01 October 2015
Case studies
22
![Page 23: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
01 October 2015
DeepWind case study
• EU Future Emerging Technologies 4-year R&D project
• 11 international partners
• Floating VAWT concept. Design methodology:
– Simple and more reliable through reduced no. of components
– Design for mass production manufacturing
– Upscaling potential
• Results:
– 5MW system detailed design
– 20MW conceptual design
23
![Page 24: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
01 October 2015
DeepWind case study
• EU Future Emerging Technologies 4-year R&D project
• 11 international partners
• Floating VAWT concept. Design methodology:
– Simple and more reliable through reduced no. of components
– Design for mass production manufacturing
– Upscaling potential
• Results:
– 5MW system detailed design
– 20MW conceptual design
• More details in (Paulsen, 2015)
24
![Page 25: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
01 October 2015
DeepWind LCOE model
• Levelized cost of energy model, based on (Myhr, 2014)
• Life cycle decomposed into 5 stages:
– Development & consenting
– Production & acquisition
– Installation & commissioning
– Operation & maintenance
– Decommissioning
25
![Page 26: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
01 October 2015
DeepWind LCOE model
• Combining capital and operating costs for a 25-year lifetime and range of wind farm size
60
62
64
66
68
70
72
74
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
LC
OE
(€/
kW
h)
No. of WT units
LCOE (€/kWh)Unit capital costs breakdown
26
![Page 27: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
01 October 2015
DeepWind LCOE model
• Uncertainty study of 100-unit 500MW wind farm
• Introduced more favourable and less favourable ranges of input values
• Results:
– More favourable = €59/MWh
– Reference = €63/MWh
– Less favourable = €75/MWh
27
![Page 28: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
01 October 2015
INFLOW concept
• EU FP7 project with 8 partners
• Industrialization setup of a Floating Offshore Wind Turbine – 2MW floating VAWT concept
28
![Page 29: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
01 October 2015
INFLOW concept
• EU FP7 project with 8 partners
• Industrialization setup of a Floating Offshore Wind Turbine – 2MW floating VAWT concept
• Exploit integrated system design to reduce LCOE
29
![Page 30: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
01 October 2015
INFLOW concept
• Commissioning of single 2MW prototype in Mediterranean Sea near France.
• Gain experience in:
– Developing novel offshore wind turbine
– Instrumentation
– O&M procedures
– O&M costs
30
![Page 31: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
01 October 2015
Future Challenges
• Implementing integrated design methodologies
• ‘Class’ design versus site-specific design → mass production
• Quantifying concept-dependent O&M costs
• Convincing industry to support alternative concepts
31
![Page 32: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
01 October 2015
Conclusions
• Explore alternative concepts for significant change in cost of deep-sea offshore wind energy
• Holistic and integrated system design vs. segregated design
• Reducing costs through improved design tools
• DeepWind floating VAWT concept case study
• INFLOW floating VAWT concept
32
![Page 33: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
01 October 2015
Thank you for your attention
Acknowledgements
EU FP7 DeepWind (2010-2014) - This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No 256769
EU FP7 INFLOW (2011-2017) - This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No 296043
33
![Page 34: Potential life-cycle cost reductions for offshore floating ... › wp-content › uploads › 2017 › 04 › Borg_Pot… · Floating wind turbine systems 9. 01 October 2015 Incident](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042400/5f0e62247e708231d43efb38/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
01 October 2015
References
(Borg, 2015) Borg M, Collu M (2015) A comparison between the dynamics of horizontal and vertical axis offshore floating wind turbines, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A, 373, 20140076.
(Myhr, 2014) Myhr A, Bjerkseter C, Ågotnes A, Nygaard TA(2014) Levelised cost of energy for offshore floating wind turbines in a life cycle perspective, Renewable Energy, 66, pp.714-728.
(Schløer, 2014) Schløer S, Paulsen BT, Bredmose H (2014) Application of CFD based wave loads in aeroelasticcalculations, 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering, San Francisco, USA.
34