Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics
Meeting 4
Language and the brain (ch.13)
First language acquisition (ch.14)
Second language acquisition (ch.15)
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Today’s agenda
• Repetition of meeting 3 (semantics, pragmatics, discourse analysis)
• Seminar on chapters 13-15 & mini-lectures
• Preparation for meeting 5• Qs?• Goodbye
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Semantic roles for NPs
The FBI agent is going to save the patient.
agent patient/theme
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Instrument
• Sinead O’Connor shaved her hair with a razor.
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Experiencer
• Fredrik Reinfeldt felt tired.
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Location
• Schwarzenegger lifted weights in the gym.
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Source & Goal
• The child received a gift from Santa.
• Santa gives presents to children.
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Lexical relationships
Example• Almost/nearly• Rich/poor• Flour/flower• /
• Vegetable/carrot• Foot (human vs. of
table)
Type• Synonymy• Antonymy• Homophones• Homonyms
• Hyponymy• Polysemy
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Metonymy
Wheels = Car
Subcategory: Synechdoche
Greek ”simultaneous understanding”
Pars pro toto (a part for the whole)
Totum pro parte (a whole refers to a part)
The USA is at war with Iraq
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Collocations
fast food
*quick food
*speedy food
Commit a crimeCommit an awful crime
Commit an extremely awful crime
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics The Gricean maxims
1. Quantity
2. Quality
3. Relation
4. Manner
The co-operative principle
Hedges
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Cohesion & coherence
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics
Ch.13. The brain -left hemisphere
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Aphasia
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Links
• Broca’s aphasia: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f2IiMEbMnPM
• Wernicke’s aphasia: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVhYN7NTIKU
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics
Tip of the tongue phenomenon
*fire distinguisher
=malapropism, ”near-misses”
for words
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Slips of the tongue
Reverend Dr William Spooner (1844-1930)
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Spoonerisms
• Tips of the slung
• Tease my ears• A lack of pies• It's roaring with
pain• Wave the sails
• Slips of the tongue
• Ease my tears• A pack of lies• It’s pouring with
rain• Save the
whales
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Slips of the ear
♫’Cause I’m strong enough
’Cause I’m Stroganoff
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Important terms ch.13
Term• Neurolingustics
• Malapropism• Dichotic listening• Right ear advantage• The critical period
hypothesis…
Definition• The study of the
relationship b/w language and the brain
• Near-miss for word• ?• ?• ?
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Ch.14 – L1 acquistion
Victor de Aveyron
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Genie – a feral child
• California, 1970s• Aged 13• Severe child abuse• Growling, barking• Critical period• Susan Curtiss • YouTube:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dEnkY2iaKis&feature=related
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Dungeon children
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Terminology
• Caregiver speech• Cooing and babbling• The one-word stage, age?• The two-word stage, age?• Telegraphic speech, age?
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics More terms…
• Developing morphology– overgeneralization
• Developing syntax• Developing semantics
– overextension• Forming Qs & negatives• The acquisition process – similar
order, different pace
Developmental sequences
1) What?2) Where? Who?3) Why?4) How? When?(Bloom, 1978)
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Jim
Sachs, Bard & Johnson. (1981). Language learning with restricted input: Case studies of two hearing children of deaf parents. Applied Psycholinguistics, 2 (1), 33-54.
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Seminar
The four sharings:
Worksheet 4
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics Next time
• More about second language acquisition
• Teachers!• Register for the
exam!• Werewolf boy
(2007) – ”Lyokha”
Pia Sundqvist
ENGBG1
ENGBL1
Campus
Linguistics The end
Good luck
studying