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Pht Gio v V Tr Quan L Huy Tr, MSEE
December 2, 2015
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected] -
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Mc Lc
Li Ni u ........................................................................................................................ 5
1. Tm ny y chy mt dng thi ................................................................................ 7
2. Sng trong an tm t ti ............................................................................................ 11
3. Nh khng m C, m C cng Nh Khng ............................................................ 38
4. Thu ban u y ........................................................................................................ 41
5. Hin Hu l g? ......................................................................................................... 48
6. Thc ti l g? ........................................................................................................... 52
7. Tiu B Kinh, Bhiya Sutta ...................................................................................... 57
8. V Tr vn php trong l chn lng ......................................................................... 65
9. V Tr v Nhn Sinh ................................................................................................ 73
10. V tr quan ........................................................................................................... 74
11. V Tr ch l mt khi nim ca thc ............................................................... 81
12. Tm Pht, Tr o................................................................................................. 98
13. c Pht qua ci nhn ca cc khoa hc gia v nhng v nhn ni ting ........... 106
14. Cc B Tt khng lch s phng vn c Pht .................................................. 113
15. Nh Th Vin Gic .............................................................................................. 123
16. L Nh Huyn .................................................................................................... 124
17. Ht Ln H Trn ................................................................................................. 131
18. Tng quan gia Nguyn T v Chng T ........................................................ 137
19. Mt Nguyn T trong Tiu V Tr .................................................................... 141
20. Thn thng ca khoa hc .................................................................................... 156
21. Tng i lun .................................................................................................... 161
22. Bn lai khoa hc ca Pht Gio .......................................................................... 164
23. Bn lai thin vn ca Pht Gio .......................................................................... 171
24. c Th Tn thy vi trng ............................................................................. 177
25. c Ph Hin, Nh Thin Vn V Tr .............................................................. 181
26. Nh V Tr v Vt L, c Quan Th m ....................................................... 186
27. C nhn phng ng thy nhng tim Nguyn T ..................................... 189
28. Tng Quang Minh ............................................................................................... 194
29. t thn th cng dng ch Pht ...................................................................... 201
30. Pht Gio chng minh Khoa Hc ....................................................................... 209
31. Tng ng v Tng phn gia Pht Gio v Khoa Hc ................................ 214
32. Pht Gio hp nht vi Khoa Hc ...................................................................... 224
33. Ng Un Giai Khng .......................................................................................... 231
34. Chiu Kin V Tr Giai Khng .......................................................................... 236
35. Tuyt p ca ci Cht ........................................................................................ 243
36. Ci Cht tuyt vi ca c Th Tn .................................................................. 257
37. T mnh thp uc m i .................................................................................... 272
38. i dng trong bn tay ........................................................................................ 279
Phn Ph Lc .................................................................................................................. 282
Ti Liu Tham Kho ....................................................................................................... 302
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Table of Figures
Figure 1 Vng Nh Khng ................................................................................................. 6
Figure 2 Nhn v tha ........................................................................................................... 8
Figure 3 My u sng thm tc ngi cui sng .............................................................. 9
Figure 4 Pine, Plum and Cranes, 1759, by Shen Quan (16821760) Hanging scroll, ink
and colour on silk. The Palace Museum, Beijing ............................................................. 10
Figure 5 Hu Kh v t Ma S T ................................................................................. 21
Figure 6 Bi Ging qua nt v ca ha s inh Quang Tnh ............................................ 25
Figure 7 Georges Lematre,Photo courtesy of AIP Emilio Segr Visual Archives, Dorothy
Davis Locanthi Collection ................................................................................................ 44
Figure 8 c Pht v Bhiya ............................................................................................ 58
Figure 9 Mt di tch ca Pht Gio ................................................................................... 62
Figure 10 Pht A Di .................................................................................................... 64
Figure 11 S trng hp ngu nghin y l th gia v tr v c th con ngi ............ 74
Figure 12 B Tt Long Th cng vi 84 v Ma Ha Tt t ............................................. 79
Figure 13 Tagore & Einstein ti c nm 1930 ............................................................. 107
Figure 14 L ng Tn ................................................................................................... 126
Figure 15 Bt Tin Qu Hi ............................................................................................ 127
Figure 16 Lt Sng trong bin thc ca v tr .......................................................... 134
Figure 17 Nguyn t Hydrogen ch c 1 proton v 1 electron ....................................... 139
Figure 18 Nguyn t Helium c 2 proton, 2 neutron v 2 electron ................................ 139
Figure 19 Ht Proton trong nhn nguyn t cu to bi 2 quark up +1 quark down ..... 140
Figure 20 Size ca Atom, Nucleus, Proton (Neutron), Quark and Electron ................... 140
Figure 21 Nguyn t Uranium 235 ................................................................................. 141
Figure 22 Biu phn ng phn hch Uranium 235 Trong biu , ht nhn U235 b
phn r thnh U236, Kripton v Barium ......................................................................... 141
Figure 23 Image credit: Jerry Lodriguss, 2009, of http://www.astropix.com/ ............... 142
Figure 24 trong mt nguyn t ................................................................................... 143
Figure 25 Lng t trong c th chng sinh, J. Roche at Ohio University .................... 144
Figure 26 Nhng g to ra Dave, Ed Uthman, MD ......................................................... 145
Figure 27 Siu hnh nh, Superb Wallpapers, via http://www.desktoplemming.com/ ... 146
Figure 28 Lch s ca mt atom, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab / UC Berkeley / US
Dept. of Energy ............................................................................................................... 146
Figure 29 n hi v nhit , Gauss Centre for Supercomputing (GCS) / Sabine Hfler-
Thierfeldt......................................................................................................................... 147
Figure 30 Nhng phn ng nguyn t, Pearson Education, Inc., 2011 .......................... 148
Figure 31 Ti tng hp trc v sau khi nhit ngui dn, James N. Imamura of
University of Oregon ...................................................................................................... 149
Figure 32 Ngi sao u tin, NASA/JPL-Caltech .......................................................... 149
Figure 33 nh tinh khng l, NASA, ESA, and F. Paresce, R. OConnell, and the WFC3
Committee ....................................................................................................................... 150
Figure 34 Nguyn t mt m in t, Nicolle Rager Fuller / NSF ................................. 150
Figure 35 X-ray: NASA/CXC/Caltech/S.Kulkarni et al.; Optical:
NASA/STScI/UIUC/Y.H.Chu & R.Williams et al.; IR: NASA/JPL-Caltech/R.Gehrz et al
......................................................................................................................................... 151
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Figure 36 Tony Hallas of http://www.astrophoto.com/ .................................................. 151
Figure 37 Image credit: NASA ....................................................................................... 152
Figure 38 Image credit: 2009, Zappa, via http://macroworlds.com/ ............................... 152
Figure 39 Image credit: Anna of http://mtkilimonjaro.blogspot.com/ ............................ 153
Figure 40 Nhng mn n khoi khu ............................................................................. 153
Figure 41 T bo mu, Mohamed Zakzouk ................................................................... 154
Figure 42 Nguyn t thay i lin tc trong c th chng ta, Youngester of
http://technicalstudies.youngester.com/ .......................................................................... 156
Figure 43 Gio S Richard P. Feynman ........................................................................ 160
Figure 44 ESO / the Visible MultiObject Spectrograph (VIMOS) at the VLT .............. 161
Figure 45 Tri t quay chung quanh Mt Tri .............................................................. 173
Figure 46 V Tr vi xum la vn tng ......................................................................... 175
Figure 47 Big bang di con mt ca Pht Nhn ........................................................... 177
Figure 48 Ph Hin Fugen, jap. Darstellung aus dem Shokoku-ji in Kyoto (Edo-Periode)
......................................................................................................................................... 181
Figure 49 Quan m B Tt ............................................................................................ 186
Figure 50 Ma Ni chu vng .......................................................................................... 197
Figure 51 Kim cng bt hoi: xc ca mt nh s trong bc tng Pht qua X-ray 208
Figure 52 Tt c do Tm to ........................................................................................... 219
Figure 53 Albert Einstein (1879-1955) vit v Pht Gio .............................................. 227
Figure 54 S Ng Un, Php Minh Hoa da vo bi Ng Un ca L S Minh Tng
......................................................................................................................................... 235
Figure 55 Tri t vi nhng v tinh nhn to quay chung quanh nh m hnh nguyn t
......................................................................................................................................... 237
Figure 56 Stephen Hawking, l thuyt gia lng danh v vt l ca Anh Quc ............. 239
Figure 57 c Pht tch dit (tranh Nht Bn, th k XVI) ........................................... 257
Figure 58 Di tch A T t Ma bng ting Phn (n , th k th II) ........................ 273
Figure 59 Kinh i Bt Nit Bn bng ting Hn, triu i nh Ty (581-618) ............ 274
Figure 60 n gy tai tru .............................................................................................. 276
Figure 61 B Tt Einstein ............................................................................................... 278
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Li Ni u
c Pht lch s tuyn b trn internet rng: "Nh Lai khng tranh lun vi i, ch c
i tranh lun vi Nh Lai m thi. Nhng g ngi tr chp nhn, Nh Lai chp
nhn."
S Triu Chu mang bt gy do khp cc tng lm v t khuyn mnh nh sau:
Tr con by tui hn ta th ta hi n, ng gi trm tui chng bng ta th ta dy va."
Mun kho st v tr hin hu th trc nht phi bit r chnh mnh, hiu r ngi,
chng sinh, v vn vt ri mi c th nghin cu ti v tr quan. Th nn, iu thc tin
trc nht cho nhn sinh l quay tr v chnh mnh bit mnh l ai, t u ti, ang
lm g v s i u? y l nhng thao thc nan gii ca nhn sinh t lng tham sanh
hy t, hay ng ra t tp qun Tham Sn Si m ra, tuy nhng thc mc vn nn ny hnh
nh nan gii nhng khng phi l khng c cu tr li thch ng v phng cch gii
quyt hu hiu. Mun tm ra gii php gii thot, chng ta phi c u c ci m, tin b,
bit loi tr v minh che lp s tht ca vn hu bng cch x dng phng php thc
tin ca khoa hc ln tm sinh l hc cng vi hin tng lun, tht tng lun, duyn
khi lun, v o php chng nghim tm l v siu hnh hc ca c Pht Thch Ca.
Ti thng hay ni v lun lun ni, trit l Pht Gio m ti trnh by ch l mt
phng tin nhn sinh quan, ai bit c ting Vit u c th c ch khng nht thit
phi l Pht T. Tuy nhin, c m hiu hay khng hiu, hiu cch khc, hiu cao hn
na, ng hay khng ng th cng chng lin quan ln nhm nh g n ti. V ti
cng nh bn cng l khch qu giang, nh ngi cho Pht Php qua sng ti
b bn t (b bn kia) ch mt ln thi khi bn qua b bn t (b bn kia) ri th
khng c chuyn tr li b bn t (b bn kia) na. Trang T ni: Bn ny cng l
Bn kia. Bn kia cng l Bn ny. Ct tu ch thc ca o l khi bn ny,
bn kia khng cn mu thun na. Ch ci ct tu ny, nh mt ci trc, l tm im
ca vng trn v tr li mi thay i khng ngng. N khng phi khi vung phn
bit bn ny, bn kia m hnh cu, khng b bn. Khng phi hnh hc phng 2 chiu,
ngang dc, nhng m hnh cu cong 4 chiu, khng gian ln thi gian.
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Figure 1 Vng Nh Khng
Tc gi ca cun sch ni ting o ca Vt L (The Tao of Physics,) Vt L Gia Fritjof
Capra hi mt nh hin trit n rng nu ng theo hc o vi Ngi th ng c phi
t b s nghip nghin cu khoa hc khng? Nh hin trit tr li mt cch n gin:
"Trc ht ng phi l con ngi tht s, trc khi l mt nh chuyn mn." C ngha,
iu tin quyt l phi thnh nhn trc khi thnh thn trong bt c lnh vc chuyn mn
no ngay c hc o. Gio l nh Pht bao gm c tinh thn tm linh v nhng phng
php khoa hc thc tin nht gip nhn loi ln c nhn tm li c s an lc, hnh
phc v t do trong cuc i ln trn th gii bng cch hp thng hi ha vi v tr m
trong , yu t chp ng, tham sn si khng phi l ng lc ch o chi phi con ngi
na.
Theo Thin S Nguyt Kh (kin tnh tch nm 1965 ti Hng Kng): Trit l v tr
gm 4 lp khc bit: Duy vt, duy tm, tm vt hp mt v phi tm phi vt. L lun kin
lp ca bi ny ch c th din t n cnh gii "Tm vt hp mt," i vi cnh gii
"phi tm phi vt" chng th din t bng li ni vn t, cn phi y theo phng php tu
tr mi c th t nghim chng. Ha Thng Duy Lc ni, Nu mun t n cnh gii
phi tm phi vt, nht nh phi ch thn tu chng mi c. Ci phi tm vt ny
c kinh Pht din t v ti t ngh trong sch V T Kinh; kin c kinh khng
ch l gic ng phi tm phi vt.
Trong bi Ngha Ci Cht Theo Quan im Pht Gio, phn Quan im chung ca
Pht Gio v s sng v ci cht, Hoang Phong vit: S Tht [the Truth, thc ti] do
ng Gic Ng nu ln lin quan n th gii vt cht v c phi vt cht, bao hm tt c
mi lnh vc hiu bit ca con ngi t khoa hc, trit hc cho n o c v c s vn
hnh su kn ca tm thc ni mi c th. Nu suy xt tht k th chng ta cng s thy
rng tuy "S Tht" [thc ti] lin quan n bn cht ca ton th v tr, th nhng
ng Gic Ng m ngi ta cn gi l c Pht, ch nhn mnh n nhng kha cnh
tht thit thc l nhng kh au m con ngi t gy ra cho mnh v cc phng php
gip h t gii thot khi nhng kh au . Nu nhn hai kha cnh y ca o Php
qua nhn quan ca con ngi thuc thi i chng ta ngy nay th s thy rng c hai
kha cnh u thuc vo lnh vc "tm l hc" (psychology) vi ngha tht bao qut
ca ngnh hc ny. Nu nhn theo mt gc cnh thu hp v thc dng hn na th y l
mt ngnh y hc gi l "tm l tr liu" (psychotherapy,) nu nhn theo mt gc cnh m
rng v su sc hn th y l mt s khm ph k diu thuc lnh vc tm linh (spiritual
exploration.) Th nhng mc d s khm ph thuc lnh vc tm linh y c siu vit n
u i na th Pht Gio nht nh cng khng phi l mt tn gio mang tnh cch thn
b diu k (a mystical mysticism.) Nit Bn hay cu cnh ti thng ca vic tu tp
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trong Pht Gio khng c g huyn b nhng ch n thun l mt th dng tm thc ang
hin hin trong tr ca mi chng ta, tt nhin l vi iu kin th dng tm thn y
loi b c cm tnh kiu cng ca ci Ng v nhng th xc cm, nht tm bn lon,
pht sinh t ci ti y.
o Php (Dharma) do c Pht thuyt ging khng phi l nhng li mc khi ca thn
linh, cng khng nht thit l nhng li gio hun o c ca mt i hin nhn m
ng hn l mt khm ph vin diu ca mt ng Gic Ng v S Tht (the truth,
chn l) ca v tr.
o Gic Ng thnh tu l do bit tn dng v kch thch s pht trin tt cng ca Tr
Tu v Tm Thc t ti Chn L. T thc ti m nhn sinh c th gii thch v
tr, th gii, con ngi, chng sanh v nhng hin tng huyn b, k diu ca cuc sng
trong th gian ny. V tr l ta; Ta l v tr. V lng vt l mt; mt l v lng! V
tr sng ng, phc tp nh chng sinh nhng nu chng ta c th hi ha hp nht vi
v tr, th v tr s cho ta v lng php. Nn hiu, ci ranh gii gia v minh v gic
ng, gia tnh v in, gia l ha thun thanh v tu ha nhp ma ch nh l mt si tc,
kh th minh gic c bi nhc nhn.
Nguyn cng dng kinh tng th hoa
Tri tam th mng mt ta sc hng
Kip sau lm chim trong sng
V bay ha mi phng tri vng
(Phm Thin Th)
Ti kh lu, v c mo mui t ngh ci bt kh t ngh thay v im lng t nghi. Ti
cng xin cng dng thp phng, hi hng cng c ca bi ny cho tt c chng sinh.
1. Tm ny y chy mt dng thi
Tm ny y chy mt dng thi. Trn u my bay, di bn sng thm, hnh gi y
xung tc li cui sng. Gi ng hiu ht bn Sng, hnh gi mt khi qu giang
khng quay li. Gi t th gian v thng, t mnh thp ut tr tu i vo hang ni ni
b bn kia nhp nit bn, khng cn nui tic, c ngoi li mong tm ra ngi cho
ln con thuyn Bt Nh a mnh sang ngang mong o b ngn.
Cng dng Thp phng
V lng Php
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Nc i t tha bao gi
Dng xui ngi ng trn b ng xui
Chng u di bn hoa ti
Buc thuyn xa c ngi ng sng
(ng Hoa Vng, Phm Thin Th)
*
Mn ch a diu ln khi gi
Bung thuyn lc khch sang sng
(V Danh)
*
Sng v xa du chn khng,
Bng dng thuyn bn dng chn nh.
(Sakya T.Th)
Trong khong khc , hnh gi gic ng c Mi con nhn trng v tha, Nh Lai
s tr trn t o nu.
Figure 2 Nhn v tha
V khi,
...Sng [Tm] ny chy mt dng thi
My u sng thm tc ngi cui sng
Mi con nhn trng v tha
Nh Lai thng tr trn t o xun
Vo hang ni nhp nit bn
Tinh anh n a hoa vng ca khe
S ln cht nh rng thin
Trong tim cht thp mt vin t dng
Ngn tay n n o hng
Cm nghing tnh mt phng diu vi
Ln non ngt a hoa ny
Soi nghing y sui bng ai nht nha
Nom hoi chng r l ta
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Tm xong khoc o ht ca v lng
Mai sau th ch no nghe
Tm ln xin hi mt b my xanh
Trn gian cho ci mng ny
Sng Ngn tm mt bn ngoi ha duyn...
(ng Hoa Vng, Phm Thin Th)
Figure 3 My u sng thm tc ngi cui sng
Nga xa qua i sng ny
Cn nghe nhn lc ku hoi bi sng
Nc xui gn gn my hng
Ting ca lnh thu hong hn gic
(ng Hoa Vng, Phm Thin Th)
Phm Thin Th m ra mt trang s mi cho nn vn hc Pht Gio Vit Nam trong
vic thi ha kinh Pht v mang gio ngha gii thot vo thi ca dn tc. Mi khi nghe li
th o Ca, ngm on trng v thanh v c Kinh Ngc, Kinh Th, Kinh Hin... ca
thi s h Phm, ngi ta nh th khng cn phn bit ni bin gii gia o v i m
dng nh b ht vo mt dng sinh lc khng gian v tn dung ha mi t tng nhn
sinh. Phi chng, l nt c th ca Pht gio Vit Nam hn mt ln chi sng qua
triu i L, Trn...? (Trch li gii thiu ca Thng ta Thch Tm Gic trong Hi hoa
m NXB Vn ngh 2006)
Bc S Hng Ngc thut li qua tm s vi thi s: Phm Thin Th ni, ng thi ha
Kinh Kim Cang trong 4 ngy, 10 bi o Ca ng ch vit trong 2 ngy, tp trng thi
ng Hoa Vng cng ch 7 ngy lin ng bt l xong
Ri Hnh Gi s tm mt bn Ngn H trong v tr m ha duyn p nh chuyn
Tng Bit ca Tn : Nc chy hu tri, Ci hc bay ln vt tn tri! Tri t t y
xa cch mi. Ca ng, u non, ng li c, Ngn nm th thn bng trng chi...
(Tn tng vn, 1972.) Qu tuyt vi! Va lng mn va bi trng va tr dng nh
Dch Thu Ca: Phong tiu tiu h, Dch thu hn, Trng s nht kh h, bt phc hon
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( ) Hay, L tng kim d bch, Nguyt th c hng minh.
Figure 4 Pine, Plum and Cranes, 1759, by Shen Quan (16821760) Hanging scroll, ink and colour on
silk. The Palace Museum, Beijing
Nh ngi bt cn phng tng ca Thi S v Tu S Phm Thin Th:
"Ma xun mc l trn ngn
Ma thu mc ch bm vng tng t
ng Nam Hoa c Thin s
i kinh ly ru tm h ung trn."
(Phm Thin Th)
Nh th Phm Thin Th tng l mt tu s Pht gio t nm 1964 1973 vi php danh
Thch Tu Khng. Trong 9 nm cha, ng tip cn t tng nh Pht v kinh Pht
thm m trong cc sng tc ca ng. C th ni, gia o v i ha trn vo v tu
s - nh th Phm Thin Th. Chnh v o v i cng tn ti trong mt con ngi nn
nh th hon tc tip tc tu ti gia cho n hm nay. tui tht thp c lai hy
dng nh nh th Phm Thin Th ang hon ng. ng hn nhin trong n ci,
trong suy ngh v cch ni chuyn. Mi vic tng tri qua trong i, Phm Thin Th
nh nh qun qun. Nu c ngi quen no ngi nhc li, ng s , nh ri! Trong
cuc sng, nhng ci hu hnh nh thn th ln nhng iu v hnh nh tr nh ri cng
thnh h khng. Nh th Phm Thin Th vn tu thin gia chn lao xao, trong qun c
ph Hoa Vng ca mnh c x Bc Hi, Si Gn, lng ng nh nhng nh cu th: My
qua cu. (Nh th Phm Thin Th "Thi ha" kinh Pht, Lm Diu Ca)
Mc k tc gi! Ti ch k tm ti, ma xun mc k l trn ngn. Ma thu mc k
bm vng tng t. Ch c Ta ng Nam Hoa mc k kinh i ru Tm H ung
cn.
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Ti thy bu tri xanh
V nhng m my trng
Tri sng chc lnh
m ti thing ling
V ti t ngh
Th gii p tuyt vi
(L Huy Tr dch)
*
I see skies of blue,
And clouds of white.
The bright blessed day,
The dark sacred night.
And I think to myself,
What a wonderful world.
(What A Wonderful World, Louis Amstrong)
Trong o Pht v Khoa Hc, Phn gii thiu, Gio S B. Alan Wallace, hc gi Pht
Gio Ty Tng ni, Trong s nhiu lnh vc c tng giao thi v gia o Pht v khoa
hc, hin nhin khng c iu g ct li hn vn bn cht ca tm v kh nng chuyn
ha tm theo hng tch cc.
Nh vy "Chn tm" l u ngun ca mi vn , cng l ci cui cng ca vng i v
n trong ton b trit thuyt o Pht gm c Nhn Sinh Quan v V Tr Quan. Chn
Tm bao gm tt c Php Th gian v Xut Th gian. (Pht Hc Ph Thng VI-VII, trang
138-139, Thch Thin Hoa)
2. Sng trong an tm t ti
Pht Gio Thin Tng ch trng bt kh t ngh, ngn t khng bao gi ni ln c
thc ti cui cng. Trang T ni, nu c ai hi v o v c ai tr li, th ngi ny
khng hiu ngi kia. Th nhng kinh nghim Thin c th trao truyn t thy qua tr
v thc t n xy ra qua bao nhiu th k bng nhiu phng thc khc nhau. Thin
c m t bng bn cu k nh sau ca Dr. Suzuki:
Gio ngoi bit truyn, Bt lp vn t,
Ch thng tm ngi, Thy tnh thnh Pht.
*
Hay nh nhng bi th di y ca cc Thin S Vit Nam:
Gio Ngoi
Gio ngoi nn bit truyn,
Lu xa Pht T su.
Nu ngi cu phn bit,
nh nng tm khi my.
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(Gio ngoi kh bit truyn,
Hy di T Pht uyn.
Nhc nhn dc bin ch,
Dng dim mch cu yn.)
Thin S Minh Tr (? - 1196)
(Bn dch HT Thanh T)
BNH: Ch l ch, v Thin l Thin. Ch khng th ch c ci khng ch, cho nn
Thin c truyn ngoi kinh in. Bn c th a hin thc vo ch khng [khng]? D
vy bn vn cn ti [phng tin] kinh in, bi v bn cn ngn tay ch vo mt trng.
Ht nh bn nghe ting chim ht, v bn tm cch ghi li tt c ting ht vo trong ch,
bn bit ngay l c nhiu th [m thanh] b b ri ngoi ch ngha. Khi bn i b trong
rng, v nghe ting chim ht chung quanh, bn c cm nhn rng bn ang nghe tm bn
ang vang vng [khng]? (Bn dch HT Thanh T)
Thin S Vit Nam, Hng Hi tr li v , v tm cho nhng cu hi v duyn
trong on lun trn:
Swallow Flying
Nhn bay trn khng
Bng chm y nc
Nhn khng du
Nc khng tm lu bng.
*
(Nhn qu trng khng
nh trm hn thy
Nhn v di tch chi
Thy v lu nh chi tm.)
Hng Hi
(Bn dch HT Thanh T)
*
Si n
Thu v mt m thch trong lng,
Tm u ti cao ht thong dong.
Ca thin nhng thn ngi si n,
Bit ly cu g truyn tm.
*
(Thu lai lng kh sng hung khm,
Bt u ti cao i nguyt ngm.
Kham tiu thin gia si n khch,
Vi h tng ng d truyn tm?)
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Thin S Tnh Gii (? - 1207)
(Bn dch HT Thanh T)
Ni nh nhc s Trnh Cng Sn, phi bit sng ht mnh trong mi st na ca hin ti...
C th v mt tui tr c c duyn i qua nhng cng nh Pht nn trong v thc, bn
cnh nhng di sn vn ho ng Ty gp nht c, cn c li kinh k v tnh nm
y. a s chng ta trng thnh t tm hiu v o Pht cng v nhng nhn duyn
tnh c ca nhng li kinh k t cha m, ng b m ra. Ta thy nhc ca Trnh Cng
Sn bng bc thin vi nhng: Ht bi no ho kip thn ti mt mai ti tr v ct
bi. i ct bi tuyt vi! Cuc trn gian mt kip rong chi ng chy vng quanh
mt vng tiu tu. Khng c u em ny khng c ci cht u tin. Trm nm tr
ngn nm, con c tr trong khe nc hin. Ti vui chi gia i bit u ngun ci. Ti
l ai m yu qu i ny? V nh chnh nhc s tha nhn l cm hng bi ht Sng v
u" t cu k Gat, gate paragat.
Nhc s Trnh Cng Sn ni tip, T mi ci n, ung, i ng nm ngi. Khng lm
cng vic ny m ngh n cng vic khc. Vi ti, cng l Thin, l mt cch sng
ch thc. Ti vn tip tc thc tp cch sng nh th hng ngy. Chng ta nn hiu l
c th ng un ca chng ta c cu to vi kh nng c din (serial) lm mt vic
mt lc ch khng c th lm nhiu vic mt lc (multi-tasks.) ang lm vic ny m
tm m mng chuyn khc vn l qu trnh ni tip (serial processing.) Tm li, tm
thc tri theo mt chiu, t ci suy ngh ny ti ci suy ngh khc khng bao gi ngng
chy. Tuy nhin, Trnh Cng Sn ni, Khng lm cng vic ny m ngh n cng vic
khc. Vi ti, cng l Thin, hnh nh c ngha l c tnh hay c cho tm vin
m, u c y tng tng sng to cng l thin?
Theo Thi S Phm Thin Th: Thin l xa b ci ti, xa b ci ng, xa b s chim
hu. Th thin ni ln nhng v p ca s t do. V p trong th thin khng khi gi
ln t tng chim hu. N ch gi ln v p ca cuc sng cn phi c nng niu v
bo v.
Thin l i sng hng ngy, l tm bnh thng nh M T ni. Cc T ch tm n
bn thn tnh tnh, tnh gic ngay trong nhng cng vic hng ngy. Qun nim tm thc
v lun gi c tnh tm trong tng khong khc d trong lc ang lm bt c iu g
cng s t nhin kin tnh i n gic ng lc nhn duyn vin mn.
Sng i sng gin d hng ngy vi mt bn tnh hn nhin cht phc mc mc. Thot
nghe qua tht r rng v n gin nh nhiu iu dy khc trong Thin nhng thc ra y
l mt cng vic luyn tp tm thn rt kh khn. Tm li s hn nhin chn thc ca
bn lai din mc phi tri mt qu trnh tp luyn th thch vi mt cng phu tu luyn
tm linh y tr tu vng chi. Thin l ti luyn tp, ti x dng lun tam mui chn kh
thin nhin lng qun trong mi chng ta.
Khc vi k phm phu sng hng ngy cho chnh mnh vi bn tnh tri sanh c hu
nhn chi s tnh bn thin hay bn c. Theo ti hiu, sng i sng t ti cho mnh l
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14
khng sng trong tnh bn thin ln bn c m ch th sng, cn th cn sng. Sng
cho mnh cn cha bit sng lm sao; lm sao c th bao ng sng cho ngi khc?
Qun chiu c s v thng nh hi th , S T Trc Lm c lm bi k:
Thn nh hi th ra vo mi
i ging my tri nh ni xa
Ting quyn tng chp vng trng sng
u phi tm thng qua mt xun.
*
Khng Tng Hi th k th 3 sau Ty Lch, c bit nh l v khai t ca Pht Gio
Vit Nam, qun nim hi th:
Th
Hi th ra, hi th vo t hiu,
Hi th ra, hi th vo t bit.
ng lc y l hiu, v sau l bit.
Hiu l hiu hi th di ngn.
Bit l bit hi th sinh dit th t chm nhanh.
Khng Tng Hi
(Bn dch TT Tr Siu, L Mnh Tht)
Cn th l cn sng cho mnh, cn nhng chuyn th gian lm ti u hay ti , khng
c chuyn g c th lm xong c c, khng th lm sm ngh sm, khng lm xong
kip ny th kip ti lm tip, khng nn nui tic bn tm d ngy mai mnh s ra i nh
nhng ngi du hnh trong v tr (time travellers.) Ci tuyt diu l khng c s vic g
trn i ny phi hon ton lm xong c. Chng ta khng thm ving th gian ny
lm xong nhng cng vic tm b . Sng vi chnh mnh l sng v ng, sng ngay
trong ci v thu v chung, v sanh v dit ca Pht Php. Cn th cn sng, ht th ht
sng. Sng hay khng sng ri th n cng qua i.
Qun chiu nh vy bit r trn th gian ny khng c chuyn g c th lm xong
c c, khng c ci g lm xong v cng khng c ci g phi lm xong. Lm xong
ri th cn g na lm?
Ngoi tr, t thn Gic Ng v chng t Nit Bn v nh c Th Tn tng tuyn
b:
Vic sinh t ht,
Phm hnh lp thnh.
iu ng lm, lm xong,
Khng cn ti sanh na.
Phi chng sng trn i c gi ghm ton b trong tinh thn o Thin Trc Lm
ca Pht Hong Trn Nhn Tng v c quy t trong bi k:
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15
C trn lc o th tu duyn
C tc xan h khn tc min
Gia trung hu bo hu tm mch
i cnh v tm mc vn Thin.
Tm dch:
Sng trn i theo vi hon cnh m vui vi o
i th n, mt th ng
Ca bu sn trong nh khi tm kim
ng trc cnh vt m v tm th khng phi hi Thin l g.
(Trn Nhn Tng)
Trong bi Tm hiu bi th thin ca Pht Hong Trn Nhn Tng, H Thc Minh vit:
Duyn, ting Phn gi l Pratyaya, Pali gi l Paccaya, c ngha l iu kin. Sch
Trung lun ghi, chng duyn hp (cc iu kin hi .) Tu duyn ting Phn gi l
Yatha-Pratyaya, ngha l thun theo vi bin i ca hon cnh (iu kin.) Sch i
Tha Khi Tn Lun gii thch Chn Nh c hai ngha: ngha th nht, cng ging
nh Duy Thc Lun, Chn Nh l chn l ti cao. Trn i ny khng th c ci g tn
ti c lp t n c, mi th u do duyn khi m thnh, cho nn tt c l khng.
Ngha th hai, ngoi chn l ti cao ra, Chn Nh cn l biu hin ca tm, va trng
thi tnh va trng thi ng, ng-tnh nh mt (ng-tnh nht nh,) cho nn gi l
Tm Chn Nh. Chn Nh va c tnh khch th va c tnh ch th. Ni cch khc,
Chn Nh va bt bin va tu duyn. Cho nn Trn Nhn Tng va theo vi i (tu
duyn) nhng khng b i li cun (bt bin.)
Sng trn i theo vi hon cnh m vui vi o l thun dng i m an nhin vi
o thay v tu hnh l i ngc dng i.
i th n, mt th ng, mi vi nghe qua tng chng qu d nhng thc ra ngi i
lao vo cnh bon chen v ming cm manh o cho nn n khng ngon, hay i v khng
c n, mt khng c ng hay ng khng yn gic l chuyn thng tnh. My ai
thc hin c iu tng chng qu d dng ?
Nh thy, Pht Php khng c g huyn b, phc tp c. Th nhng, chn ca hai
ch bnh thng coi vy m khng d nm. Cn phi hc hi (tu) mi gic ng (chng)
c ci chn l bnh thng, gin d .
Ch v phn minh cc,
Phin lnh s c tr.
To tri ng th ha,
Phn thc d a th.
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16
(Mun phn chia rnh r,
Thu lm mi chm r
Nu bit n l la*,
Cm chn t khuya.)
* ni la ca ci n mnh cm trong tay i kim la cng l la ri. Vic g tm
kim u xa na cho mt thi gi (cm chn lu.)
Tng t, Ca bu sn trong nh khi tm kim. n Kinh ghi, An tm, kin tnh
thnh Pht. Thin Tng cho rng Pht Tnh c sn ni con ngi cho nn khng cn tm
u xa. Sch Truyn Tm Php Yu ghi, T s Ty lai trc ch nhn tm, kin tnh
thnh Pht, bt ti ngn thuyt (t Ma T S t bn Ty n, ch thng cho con ngi
rng Pht Tnh ti tm ch khng ph li ni.)
i cnh v tm l ngha t Kinh Kim Cng, ng v s tr nhi sinh k tm
(Khng s tr th k tm s sinh ra.) Lc t Hu Nng s d gic ng l do cu ny.
Ngoi cnh thay i khng bn tm; ngc li vi ngi bun cnh c vui u bao gi?
Trong bi Bui chiu nng H c th Tu S, Phm Cng Thin vit: Ti khng th lm
vic ph bnh th; ti ch mun cho Th ca Tu S t hin din t chnh ni t tnh ca
Thi Ca, khng cn s can thip trc tip hay gin tip ca mt ci g khc bn ngoi, nh
chnh Tu S t ni trong hai cu u mt bi th ch Hn do Tu S lm:
T tm t cnh t thnh chng
T i bi hoan dic t thng
(Tc Thi S)
v Thi S Vn Nguyn dch:
C c cnh tm th t xut
T ngm bun vui t thng thc
hay dch st ngha:
T lng mnh, t cnh vt, t thnh chng c,
T i mt vi nhng bun vui ri t mnh thng thc.
Thay v "chng c" nh Vn Nguyn dch st ngha, ti [Phm Cng Thin] mun
dch thot trng khi l "chng khc"... Nhng Vn Nguyn ti tnh chuyn l "Th
T Xut."
ng trc cnh vt m v tm th khng phi hi Thin l g. Ng c nhng iu
ny ri th cn g hi ti ci phng tin Thin na?
i vi Pht Gio, khng c g c mt bn cht thc ng; tt c ch tn ti trong ci gi
danh. Nhng gi danh tng ch l mt tp hp ca nhng yu t tm, sinh l sanh ra v
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17
tiu dit tng pht, tng stna qua nhiu kip sng quay cung trong lun hi sinh t.
Tri vi nhng g B La Mn khng nh rng l ci t ng (linh hn, soul) c hiu
nh l mt thc th vnh vin bt dit (immortal.) Pht gio ni rng ci t ng khng
tn ti bt c ni u, v khng c ng v khng c g thuc v ng (ng s.) Hiu ti
trnh ny th hiu c thc danh: Khng sng, khng cht!
Nhng cu chuyn Thin: Trc khi hc Thin th ni l ni, sng l sng; trong lc hc
Thin th ni ht l ni, sng ht l sng; nhng sau khi gic ng th ni li l ni, sng
li l sng. Trc khi hc Pht ti khng bit Pht Gio l ci chi chi; trong khi hc Pht
ti bit tt c ci chi chi ca Pht Gio; sau khi hc Pht ti khng bit ci chi chi l Pht
Gio. Hay, nc bit non L sng Trit Giang; khi cha n lung m mn; n ri
ch thy khng g c; nc bit non L sng Trit Giang. Vy thin l g? Thin l
thin! Thin qun theo t l ngc t 100 nm, 36500 ngy - mi nm, mi tun, mi
gi, mi pht, mi stna u l thin nhng sau khi cht th c th khng cn thin na.
Mc ch ca thin l an ci tm vin m trc, cn gic ng t n gic ng khng nn
bn tm thi qu m ng tm. Dng tm thc tri qua tng st na, Thin l bt kp ci
khong khc nht nim, pense instantane .
Nh Thin S Nht Ryokan khng h l mt xut gia n s. ng hay ri am xung lng
chi a vi tr con, thm bn, ung sak vi nng dn. ng khng bao gi thuyt
php v ng l hin thn ca php, hin php lc tr, lun h hn vi hin ti. ng
nhp th vi php mt cch hn nhin, t ti khng bn khon tng t nh Bi Ging,
'Cung B tt,' ln 'thi s k d' ngao du t ti ngy thng, tnh in d khng t ln hoi
nghi v ci ti gia cuc i. Nh nghin cu Bi Vn Nam Sn ni, "Vit i li hay
nhiu li v Bi Ging khng bng c Bi Ging. c Bi Ging khng bng giao du
vi Bi Ging. Giao du vi Bi Ging khng bng sng nh Bi Ging. M sng nh
Bi Ging th tht vui m tht kh vy!" Sng in t nhin nh Bi Ging kh cho
chng ta sng hn Bi Ging sng t nhin in.
Hi ngi, ngi qu u ?
Hi ti, ti chng bit ti chn no?
(Bi Ging)
D ch yu ngn nn sp tn, bit mnh bc tc v trong rng khuya bn bp lnh i gi
sang canh cng l tinh thn Thin sng ht mnh vi tng stna ca hin ti.
Ai bit mnh tc trng
V yu ngn nn tn
Rng khuya bn bp lnh
Ngi i gi sang canh
*
... m tc bc tui i cha
Bi ng di gt mi i quanh
Gi ng li, bn vch tng r
Sui rng xa ngc nc xui ngn ...
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18
(Thng Ta Tu S)
Lng Y V H vit, Ni mt cch n gin, thin l nhng phng php gip hnh
thnh thi quen tp trung t tng lm ng cng vic m chng ta mun lm v ang
lm. c bit thin gip iu chnh li tnh trng mt cn bng gia hng phn v c ch
ca h thn kinh do qu trnh sinh hot v lm vic cng thng gy ra. (Ngi Thin
nng cao hiu qu cng tc v tng cng sc khe, V H)
S ng Lng Mai, Thch Nht Hnh vit, Ngi thin trc ht l khng phi lm g
ht v c bung th. Khi nm vng ngh thut theo di hi th v mm ci th
cng ngi thin cng thy thch th. Ri, nh nng lng ca nim v nh, ta s bt u
qun chiu su sc vo thn th, tm thc v hon cnh. Khi thy mi s, mi vic mt
cch r rng, ta c th trnh c rt nhiu lm li. Ta s c c hi lm nhng vic nn
lm, em li an lc, hnh phc cho ta v nhng ngi ta thng. l li ch ca ngi
thin. (Ngi Thin, Thch Nht Hnh) Ni th d nhng lm sao ta thin m em li an
lc, hnh phc cho ta v nhng ngi ta thng th c v hi tru tng, xa vi.
Th hay thin l phi sng vi tng st na trong hin ti. L Bch ng say git mnh thc
dy hi bng qu: T vn th h nht? (Hm nay l hm no nh?) Thi s ghin ru
nh mt thi gian gia lng cuc sng, ch mun say khng mun tnh. Th L Bch v
th mang m hng diu dng ca ci KHNG...tnh, m bt php ca h L t n ch
tm v lng x ru.
Trong Th thin - Thin tnh trong th v s ng nhn, Nguyn Cn so snh, Ht nh
khi c Kinh Kim Cang, ngi ta c cm gic Pht ni ti u ph nhn ti , khng
cn mt cu mt ch no bm vu, [s tr.] Nh L Bch ht ca, ngm xong bi th
no, x lun bi th (Khc tn d vong tnh.) Nm bt i, qun ht mi thnh thi s.
Ngm xong, mnh qun ht, khng th, khng li, khng tm khng cnh, khng ngi,
khng ta, khng c ci khng. Ri th say nhy m xung sng m trng m cht ui.
L Bch ch l mt tn thi s cung v tch s, hu ngh nhng tht nghip, ch thy th
say ny gip c g cho mnh cho ngi. Khng hiu sao c ngi li phong cho mt
tn nghin ru l thnh th li cn h v th L Bch y thin tnh nh Kinh Kim
Cang?
Theo Thch Phc An, thi s v tu s Phm Thin Th c lc b ging co gia ci p
v hn v hu hn ca th v o, tht ra th v o nh cam vi to khng th trn ln
c, nhng dng nh ci p no cng cn thit c, v nu chng ta khng thy c
ci p trong ci th hu hn ny th s chng bao gi ta thy c gi tr ca ci p
thin thu vnh cu c. Nhng cng v tu o i ty ngha l i ng ring ty (t,)
nh vy m Phm Thin Th khng tu c, phi hon tc. C th ngay lc u, trong
gian on lch s , thi s khot o tu s khng phi l l do tht s mun i tu?
Chng ta hi lc qua ch khc, lm bn v th thin, v thin tnh trong th cng ch
l
i vo gia cuc thi phi
Na tam bnh vi na nghi vn v
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19
(Bi Ging)
ri cui cng cng ch l
Que dim que la que li
Ci trm nm cng mt li ba que
(Bi Ging)
Thi th, hy t bi, hi ha m lng tnh tha th cho nhau v ngn ng gii hn ni cho
cng th lc vn bt tng tm thc trc nhng iu bt kh t ngh ca bn lai din
mc.
Trn gian trn t di tri
Mt li l mt khng li ni ra
(Bi Ging)
Thin gc t Pht Gio, thin c thc tp ph thng trn th gii khng phn bit tn
gio, tn ngng. Thin ch tm tnh hn nhin chn thc tng t nh Lo Gio, l
thc ca t tnh t nhn thc rng, gic ng ch l ti ng vi qu trnh sn c t
nguyn thy. Tr li cu hi v Pht Tnh ny, c thin s ni, nh ci tru tm tru,
hay trong nh c bu thi tm kim. Th tht, ti cng lp li nhng g ti hc lm
c nh con kt ch cng cha bit thin l ci chi chi na nhng d c chi chi th cng
chi chi vi thin mt chuyn th xem. Bn c th trc ri ti s th sau.
Nh th ng vn, ti c c trn sch v: Thng thin s ni rt t v thin khng lm
li. Lm li th ng tm kh tr thnh Thin S? Thy dng ngn t ch hng dn
tr t b t duy tru tng m quay v thc ti c th. Nh vy, t trc n nay chng
ta lun t duy tru tng km thc t? Tuy nhin, li gii cho cng n ny i hi mt
thi gian lu di ca mt s tp trung cao , n dn n tri kin chng ng bt ng lc
nhn duyn chn mui. Mt v thin s kinh nghim s bit bao gi th mn mnh
sp sa n ng xut chiu m ton, nh mt ho hay ht mt ting nh mt c sc
bt thn nh ng thin sinh tiu diu ci Satori. Ci sc nhanh nht l ma kim
gia trn tin; mt l sng kin tnh hay tiu diu cc lc cng kin tnh lun.
Khng Mt Li
Thn tm liu ng mt tu m,
Bin ha linh thng by tng bu.
i ng ngi nm ring vng vng,
Ha thn ng hin u tnh c.
Mc du y dy c h khng,
Xem ra no thy c tng g.
*
Th gian khng c vt snh,
Thng hin linh quang sng khp ni.
Lun lun din ni khng ngh bn,
Khng c mt li cho tha ng.
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20
*
(Liu ng thn tm khai tu nhn,
Bin ha linh thng hin bo tng,
Hnh tr ta nga c trc nhin,
ng hin ha thn bt kh lng.
Tuy nhin sung tc bin h khng,
Quan lai bt kin nh hu tng.
*
Th gian v vt kh t hung,
Trng hin linh quang, minh lng lng.
Thng thi din thuyt bt t ngh,
V c nht ngn d vi ng.)
Thin S Vit Nam Nguyn Hc (? - 1174)
(Bn dch HT Thanh T)
Theo sch thin lun Pht Gio: Tng To ng ch trng tim ng, trnh nhng c sc
ca Lm T v nhm n s chnh chn tm linh ca thin sinh. H ch trng ta thin
v lm cng vic thng thc hng ngy l hai dng ca thin nh.
C Tng To ng v Lm T u ch trng php ta thin, i hi p dng nhiu gi
mi ngy trong cc thin vin. Ngi v th theo ng cch l iu u tin m thin sinh
phi hc trong php thin nh qun ny. Trong To ng Tng xem l phng tin
a n s chn mui ni tm v s pht trin hng n kinh nghim Satori. Cn Lm
T Tng th ta thin nhm chun b mt tm thc trc gic cho cng n. Hn th na,
ta thin c xem l chng thc ca Pht Tnh, trong thn v tm bin thnh mt
th hp nht, Tm Kh Thn t ti l ho thun thanh.
t Ma din bch tham thin. Nh T Hu Kh c ng mi trong tuyt. T cht rng
cnh tay mnh v ni: Tm t hy cn bt an. Xin thy gip cho c yn.
t Ma mi bo: c, em ci tm n y cho ta. Ta s v ngi gip cho n c yn.
Nh T Hu Kh tr li: Tha c tm khp mi ni nhng chng thy ci tm ca
mnh u c.
t Ma p: Nh th ta lm cho tm ngi yn xong ri y.
Hu Kh dng Tm i tm Tm.
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21
Figure 5 Hu Kh v t Ma S T
Lc dch li bn ca Gio s Akizuki Rymin: T s t Ma chn nm tri quay vo
vch ta thin. Lc v gi, ng mi t bn Thin Trc xa xi n Trung Quc tm
ngi c cn c m truyn o php. C lc, Thn Quang, sau ny s l Nh T Hu
Kh, ng ch trong tuyt m t Ma vn khng thm quay li. Cho n khi ngi hc
tr kin quyt i tm l o n ni t cht c tay mnh th ng mi chu quay li i p
v ci Tm.
Cu tr li ca Nh T nguyn vn: Mch tm liu, bt kh c. Dch th: tm ci
Tm xong, nhng hon ton khng ly c. Liu bt... y c ngha l ri m
khng..., rt cc khng.... Thu lm mt ch liu ny, Thn Quang tinh tin
sc thy c s an tm, iu m t bao lu nay, ng vn ch i. Cc bc tin bi
nc ta c ngi gii thch nh vy.
Ngoi ra bt kh c dch khng ly c hm khng nm bt c vi tnh cch
mt i tng. Ci gi l Tm, khi t th ch th th tc ng, ri chnh n li my
ng th tr thnh ci n mun l, cho nn khng th no coi nh mt khch th
nm bt. Cho nn phi ni rng c tnh khng th nm bt c (bt kh c) chng
qua l bn cht ca Tm m thi. Cm t ny v sau s c Pht gio i Tha c ng
li trong mt ch thi, l ch Khng, n ng ngha vi phi thc th, v t tnh
v c xem nh l thc tng ca chn nh.
Nh T bc bch: Tm t cha yn v ng mun Tm c yn, i cu s an tm.
t Ma mi i a cho mnh xem Ci Tm cha c yn . D nhin o u ra
mt ci Tm nh th. C l lc phi l lc phi n lc lm yn ci Tm cha c
yn .
Th nhng vic th lm sao cho Tm mnh yn t th lm cho Tm mnh bt an
ch khng c g khc. N lc ng lm ng Tm ngc li l nguyn nhn ng
ci Tm. Ni cch khc, n ging nh dng mu ra vt mu. Cho d vt mu trc
c sch nhng vn b v vt mu sau.
Tuy hy cn c th gii quyt bng cch nhm vo mc ch no , ra mt l tng,
ri tm cch thc hin l tng . y l mt phng sch c tnh cch l tng ch
ngha, nhng n li i ngc vi con ng tu hnh ca nh Pht. Mun c an tm,
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22
mun c bt ng tm, mun c v tm ? Tt c t th l nhng lm ln. Ch n
khi ni ln c cu: c tm khp mi ni nhng chng thy ci tm ca mnh u
c, Nh T mi t nhin t n cnh a ca s v tm chn thc hay t ci o gi l
bt ngh chi o (khng m phng, khng nhm ti m thnh tu.) Lc y, c i s
ln nh t u c cng mt tm cnh diu tm hay tm v tm nh nhau. Khng cn
cn ngn ng hay vn t thuyt minh, tm ca c hai hp thnh mt. ng knh
tng i, trung tm v nh tng (t hai ci knh i xng vi nhau, gia s khng
c hnh nh). Cu ni cui cng ca i s (Ta lm cho tm ngi yn xong ri y!)
c ngha l: Tm cnh y y! ng n ri! v chng minh c vic cc thy thin
d tm truyn tm cho hc tr nh th no.
Mt v tng n tha vi S Triu Chu,Con mi ti thin vin, xin thy ch gio cho
con. Triu Chu hi, n cm cha? Tng p, D n ri. Triu Chu ni, Th ra
bt i. Bt-a-la ch vt cha ng. Nay ni chung ch thc kh nh chn bt. Nguyn
vn ting Phn l patra. V tng ny dng thn i kim thn.
Triu Chu Tng Thm (zh. zhozhu cngshn/ chao-chou ts'ung-shen , ja. jsh jshin) 778-897 l mt v Thin S Trung Quc. Cuc i Triu Chu cho thy
iu m cc Thin S hay nhn mnh rng, kin tnh ch l bc u ca vic tu hc
thin. Triu Chu kin tnh t nm 18 tui nhng sau cn hc Thin 40 nm vi
S Nam Tuyn.
Mu nhim thay, b n thay B t Ma ty tm m dng tm v Triu Chu ty thn
m dng thn truyn ci o bt kh thuyt. Tm no im tm, tm u m an
tm? Ta i kim ci, ta i mc nc. Nu cm, n ri ra bt. i th n, mt th ngh,
khe th thin. Lc khng cn phn bit tm thn, hnh gi an nhin t ti trong dng i,
ngc xui khng xa ri t tnh, do chi cc ci m vn trong chnh nh.
Lc dch li bn ca Gio s Akizuki Rymin: Mi bui sng, o trng thng dn
cho. ng thy hi hc tr : Ngi n ung xong xui cha? Khi ngi hc tr chn
thc tr li l n xong, ng thy dy phi em bt n m ra sch i.
Cng n ch ngn c chng . Th nhng n chan cha thin v, mc mi khng ht y.
Trc lng cu o ca ngi hc tr mi nhp mn, cu hi ca ng thy ging nh
mi tn bn ra. Ta nh con s t khi v ly mt ch th nh phi dc ton lc, ngi tu
thin d ng trc bt k cu hi no ca k nhp mn, cng khng th coi nh.
Thng h phi tn lc, em ton thn ton linh ra tr li c mt tc dng ton th.
Thin phong ca thin s Triu Chu l khu thn b thng phng quang (phng nh
sng t trn da tht mi ming,) ng khng em ho gy nh p hay qut tho d di
nh cc v tn s khc m ch dng li l trong sng, trong c thin v uyn chuyn v
thin c bn nhn, va ni ln c s tht va ngi ta t do tm hiu. Cho nn
ngi i mi ph bnh ng c ci li khng xng.
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23
Chung v chum hnh thc ta ta nhng thc t khc nhau xa. Kt hp n ngay l nguy
lm. Tuy nhin kt lun y khng c mc ch nh gi khch quan xem s hiu bit
ca ngi hc tr ny l ng hay sai, m ch l li nhc nh chng ta, nhng ngi c
cng n rng ch nn xem cng n l vn t ra cho ngi xa m phi xem n nh
vn hin ti trc mt (ch kim, tc kim.) Nh vy, nhn thc ng n hay sai lm
(chn ngy) ca chnh chng ta mi l iu cn ch .
Cng n mun ni Pht php vn c trong nhng chuyn cm nc bnh thng mi
ngy (nht thng tr phn s.) Do , nh thin ch trng vic n cm, ra bt tc l
sinh hot hng ngy ca mnh c o trong y ri. M T cng tng dy, Bnh
thng tm th o.
Chuyn khc, c ngi n hi thin s Triu Chu: K ng ri th cn phi lm g?
S mi tr li: Ngi nh th cn tu tp nhiu hn na!
Tng hi: Nh thy m cn phi tu hnh sao?
Triu Chu p: Trc y khit phn (n cm mc o)
Tng mi bo: n cm mc o l chuyn thng tnh. Th th cch tu hnh m thy dy
l g c ?
Trc anh hc tr n n n mc ny, Triu Chu bt buc phi ni: Ny nh ngi.
Xem th mi ngy ta lm nhng g no?
Theo Dgen (Tng o Nguyn,) l Bn chng diu tu. cng l Uy nghi tc
pht php. Tc php th tn ch.
Thin s Lm T th ni: Ch cn sng bnh thng v s, i a i i, mc o n cm,
khi mt nm ngh. K ngu ngc s ci ta nhng ngi tr cho ta l hiu bit.
Li k thm chuyn c ng tng gii lut n hi o Thin S i Chu: Thy tu thin
c dng cng phu khng?
- Tha c !
- Nhng cng phu no?
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24
- Khi i, ti n. Khi mt, ti ng.
- Nhng chuyn ai m chng lm. Nh vy c th ni cng phu ca thy vi ca
chng ti cng ch l mt th thi.
- Ngi thng, d c n cm, thc ra cha chc n. L do l khi ang n, h lo lng
ngh ngi lung tung. Ng cng vy. Mi tnh trm mu ngn k, ht mng n m. Do ,
lm sao c th ging y cch n, cch ng ca ti c.
Sch c ch Tri Kin Gii. l phng php ng n c cng n. Nu ch dng
ci u (tri) c th ni Hiu ri! th chn l cha n vi mnh (th c.) Kt cuc,
nu mun cng n ha nhp lm mt, phi c ci kin gii chn chnh bi v bn cnh
n cn c mt kin gii khc nhng sai lch gi l t kin na.
Chuyn tm vo sinh hot thin hay v s thin m khng cn tu hnh g khc s a
n cnh gi chung l chum. y l ci kh. Ni l ni vy ch ri ra khi chuyn
bnh thng n cm mc o, chng thy Thin o Pht php nm u c.
Theo Wikipedia, C duyn ng o ca S c ghi trong Triu Chu Chn T Thin s
ng lc (zh. ):
S Triu Chu hi Thin S Nam Tuyn: "Th no l o?"
Nam Tuyn p: "Tm bnh thng l o".
S hi: "C th hng n c khng?"
Nam Tuyn p: "Ngh tm n l tri."
S li hi: "Chng ngh suy th lm sao bit o?"
Nam Tuyn p: "o chng thuc v hiu bit hay khng hiu bit. Bit l vng gic
(khi nim), khng bit l v k (v minh). Nu tht t o th khng cn nghi ng,
[o] nh h khng thnh thang rng ri, u th cng ni l phi l quy."
S nhn nghe li ny lp tc ng c huyn ch, tm s sng nh trng trn.
S ng o, sau i th gii ti Tung Nhc. Th gii xong, S li n Nam Tuyn v lu
li y 40 nm. C nhiu php thoi gia S Triu Chu v S Nam Tuyn c ghi li
trong thi gian ny.
Ha Thng T in na thc na h l hnh nh sng ng ca mt ngi t o,
thanh thn vn du y , ty duyn ha chng sanh:
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25
Ngi bo Ngi in, Ngi chng in
i n th n, mt ng lin
Ha chng sanh phin no dt
ng trn thanh thn bc thn tin.
Vit Nam cng c mt B Tt in, l Bi Ging:
ng in t ba hm qua
Ti hm nay na gi l ba hm
Thanh thin v d hi m
Thnh thn thin h mun vn mai sau
ng in t mt ln u
Ti ln ui t rut ru r au
Tuyt m bin cn sng su
Bi hng tn mc trc sau by gi
(ng in)
'ng in' Bi Ging t vit v mnh nh sau: "N in? Vng nhng in mt cch
vui v. B u gi l mu thn bt ngt ca con. Ngi ta bo rng n khng in. C
k bo rng n gi v in. Mun bit n in hay khng in, hay gi v in, th trc
ht phi p vo cu hi: Sao gi l in? Nhng m? Nhng m l mt cu hi cha
h c mt li gii p di gm tri v sut xa nay vy."
Ni bun ni kh i xa
Ni sung sng n mc ma bt ng
i xa t u n in
i ny t cn kh
in dui dc, in nga nghing
in l hnh phc thn tin i
in ri rt cuc hi i
Cng nh chm dt la i ht in
(Dzch)
Figure 6 Bi Ging qua nt v ca ha s inh Quang Tnh
Hnh nh ca Bi Ging, ng trong dng i tri chy trn va ng Si Gn sau 1975,
c th c din t qua bi ht Ma ng ca anh ca Nhc S Trn Thin Thanh:
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26
ng ch l mt ngi in trong vn hoa trn th. ng ch l ngi say bn ng m
ta nhn thy. Ta i i, ngi in khng bit nh v ngi say khng bit bun.
Tin hay in? Phi chng in l mt cch hnh Thin ca Bi Ging? V in cng l
cch n trnh i din vi thc ti, thc ti thi chin tranh Vit Nam, trc v sau 1975
v thi hu chin sau 1975? Ta khng thy Bi Ging by t bt c chnh kin no v
thc ti trong th vn ca ng. Thc ti, ng ta in tht s?
Hoi Nam T ni: C theo trt t t nhin, c tri theo dng ca o. Cch hnh ng
ny c trit l Lo Gio gi l v vi, mt t c nguyn ngha l khng lm g v c.
Joseph Needham dch l khng c hnh ng g ngc li vi t nhin. ng cho rng
dch nh th mi ng v trch li Trang T: V vi khng c ngha khng lm g v cm
lng. Tt c u phi lm, lm ci thin nhin lm, lm cho thin nhin vui lng.
Sch ca Trang T cha y ch trng ca Lo Gio, coi nh vai tr ca l lun v tho
lun: Con ch sa hay cha phi l con ch tt; ngi ni hay cha chc l ngi hin.
Hay, mt khi bin lun l ch thy c phin din. Ci bit ln nht cng cha chc bit,
ci l lun chng lm cho con ngi minh trit hn. Chn nhn quyt nh chng li hai
phng php .
Theo ti, con ch khng bit sa chc chn l con ch n hi; ngi ni d chc chn l
ngi km ti. Cho nn, th bin lun tr thc hc hi v nghe thy c mt cht
phin din cn hn l im lng lm con ngi hon ho khng khng bao gi sai lm,
cha bao gi ngu xun ln no. Nhng ci bit tr tu v l lun minh trit trn ca c
nhn ch p dng cho thnh nhn, b tt vi nhau ch khng gii thch c cho phm
phu. Cn vi phm phu th cng sa ln cng bin lun hay cng thnh cng ln, c
nhiu ngi tn phc, n s. C th v vy m hn my trm nm nay chng ta khng
thy mt trit gia mi no xut hin trn th gii v khng ai v d nh Trang T ngy
xa: Con ch tt con ngi hin khng lin quan g n ni hay sa hay c. Ch
c Trang T hay sa, hay ni.
S Triu Chu thng ng dy chng (Ng ng Hi Nguyn, tit Triu Chu Tng
Thm Thin s):
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27
Vit dch: Pht vng khng qua c l c, Pht g khng qua c la, Pht t khng
qua c nc, Chn Pht ngi bn trong. B- Nit-bn, Chn nh Pht tnh u l y
phc p vo thn, cng gi l phin no, lm sao tm c l a chn tht y? Nht
tm bt sinh, vn php khng li. Ngi c nghin cu l ny, ngi qun xt hai ba mi
nm, nu chng hi th hy cht u Lo tng. Mng huyn, khng hoa, nm gi chng
ch chuc nhc. Nu khng d bit tm th vn pht nht nh. chng t ngoi c
th cu chp lm g? Ging y nh con d, th g cng mt vt a vo mm nhai. Lo
tng y thy Ho thng Dc Sn ni: "Nu c ngi hi, ta ch ni l ngm ming
ch. Lo tng cng dy ngm ming ch. Chp ng th nh, khng chp ng th sch,
ging nh con ch sn lun tm kim vt n. Pht php ch no? Ngn ngi mun
ngi u l k tm Pht, m tm mt o nhn trong nhng ngi y cng khng c.
Nu lm t ca Khng vng th ch ni tm bnh kh tr. Khi cha c th gii tnh
ny c, khi th gii hoi tnh ny chng hoi. Xem Lo tng y! Ta sau cng chng
khc, v chnh l ng ch nhn. Ci ngay y, hng ngoi tm ci g? Khi y ch
quay u i v moi c. Nu quay u i v moi c th nh mt ngay."
Cng n ny ca ngi Triu Chu ch c th khai ng cho nhng ai tng thy nghe t
r vng tng, tng - nh kinh Bt Nh dy - thy nh thc tng ca ng un v sinh
dit ca ng un Cng n c tc dng theo cch m ngi D.T.Suzuki ni: Bo rng qu
trnh gic ng l n ngha l c mt c nhy vt (). C nhy vt v mt lun l l tin
trnh l lun thng thng khng li mt cch t ngt (). Tin trnh ny gin on t
ngt, v ng thi bt kh t ngh; l kin tnh. (V Nim, dch gi Thun Bch).
Con Ch Git Cht Triu Chu: Thin s Sng Sn v nhiu mn sinh khc tng c
mi n nh ca mt thin sinh ti min qu m thanh bnh. Ch nh c mt con ch
ln, hu nh n thng nhn ra ngoi ca, vy ui mng hoc sa bt c lc no nu c
ai n gn nh. Vo bui ti, sau khi dng ba xong, mi ngi ngh ngi quanh l
si, con ch n ngi bn cnh ngi Sng Sn. S vut ve con ch v ni: Ta c mt
cu hi cho con m tt c cc thin sinh khng th tr li c: c Pht ni rng tt c
chng sanh u c Pht tnh. Nhng khi c ngi hi con ch c Pht tnh khng, th
i Thin S Triu Chu ni: 'Khng!' V vy, ta hi con, con c Pht tnh khng? Con
ch ct ting sa:"Gu! Gu! Gu!" Sng Sn ni: Con tt hn so vi Thin s Triu
Chu. (Trch Mun T Ng L Mt Sai Lm Ln, Thin s Sng Sn Khai Th Anh ng,
Thch Gic Nguyn chuyn ting Vit, Con Ch Git Cht Triu Chu)
Tuy nhin, theo ti liu khc ca Thin S Trung Hoa tp 1, c mt v tng n hi Thin
S Triu Chu: Bch Ha thng, con ch c Pht tnh hay khng? Thin S Triu
Chu tr li: C. V Tng hi: Ti sao con ch c Pht tnh m li chui vo y da
nh th? Thin S Triu Chu ni: V bit m c phm.
Khi no cng n cha tr thnh vn ca chnh mnh, kt cc n ch l chuyn hc i
bt chc nghi n ca ngi khc. T thc c vn mt cch nghim chnh mi l
chuyn trng i cho chnh mnh. Tin nhn ni, K i nghi t s i ng l v c y.
Nhn y, ni v mt ch V (khng) ca thin s Triu Chu, nu c trong Triu Chu
Lc, r rng l thin s tr li khng (V) i li vi c (Hu) m thi.
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28
Nguyn in chp th ny: C ngi hc thin hi: Con ch cng c Pht tnh ch?
S p: Khng u.
Ngi hc thin: Trn t ch Pht di ti con kin, ai ai cng c Pht tnh, c sao con
ch li khng?
S: V n [cng nh chng sinh, THL] cn vng ci nghip (nhng vng tng phin
no nh tch, dc, tng, i.)
Ch V v sau ca Triu Chu (Triu Chu V t) thnh ra khng phi l ci V i ng
vi Hu (hu-v-v hay tng-i-v) nh trong cu chuyn trn. Ct mt phn sau li
i p ca nguyn in, trong cng n, n c hiu l ci V tuyt i (tuyt-i-v.)
Cng n ny c mc ch gip cho bn thn ngi tu hnh th nghim c ci V ca
phng ng. N khng phi l ci V ca i ng, thi i Triu Chu, m l ci
V ca i Tng n sau, tc thi i Ng T Php Din! Chnh vo khong thi gian
, hnh thc gi l cng n thin (khn thoi thin) mi c thnh lp vng vng,
cho nn cng n v sau cn c gi l nhng m hiu mt lnh di trng Ng T.
(Trong 48 Tc Trong V Mn Quan, bn ca tham hc t khu Di Din Tn Thiu, Tc
s 1: Con ch ca Triu Chu [Triu Chu Cu T.] )
Nhng iu tam sao tht ngha trn cho thy Thin S Sng Sn cng c l, hi c v,
hi sng sng y? Th no i na th cng ti nghip cho kip lm ch c b con
ngi lun ting oan l bit m vn c phm lm ch. Tht ra lm ch cn c ngha
hn nhiu ngi. M my ng thin s ny chc lm ch my i ri, bit ch c
nhng vng tng phin no nh tch, dc, tng, i, mi tr li c dm cho ch?
Cu t Pht tnh,
Ton chnh lnh.
Ti thip hu v,
Tng thn tht mnh.
(Pht tnh ca ch,
ti chnh ng.
Mi bn c, khng,
toi thn mng)
Chuyn Thin ng ngn, Tc s 2: Chn hoang ca Bch Trng (Bch Trng d h),
Truyn c chp trong Bch Trng Ng Lc v Ng ng Hi Nguyn, quyn 3, chng
Bch Trng i Tr,
Bn tc: C mi khi ha thng Bch Trng (Tc Bch Trng Hoi Hi [720?749?
814,] thin s i ng, ngi nhn php t ca M T o Nht (709-788,) t ra
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29
Bch Trng Thanh Qui qui nh hnh thc sinh hot ca thin vin. Ngoi ra c
li Bch Trng Hoi Hi Thin S Qung Lc v Bch Trng Sn i Tr Thin s
Ng Lc. Truyn v ng chp trong Ton ng Vn, T ng Tp, Cnh c Truyn
ng Lc, Ng ng Hi Nguyn,) thuyt php, thng c mt lo gi i sau tng chng
n nghe. Khi cc thin sinh rt lui, lo cng bc ra theo. Th ri mt hm, lo bng
khng lui m nn li ging ng.
Lc , Bch Trng mi hi:
-Ngi ng trc mt ta, ng l ai vy?
Lo gi tha: Ti khng phi loi ngi. Thi xa xa, thi Pht Ca Dip (Ting Pali l
Kassapa Buddha, Pht ng hng th su trong by v c Pht. Thi Pht Ca Dip ni
lu lm, trc khi Pht Thch Ca cn cha ra i theo kinh Trng A Hm,) ti tr
tr ni ny. Mt hm, t c ngi hi rng ngi tu hnh o Pht n ch cao diu
vn cn c th sa vo vng nhn qu (Phn ng l hetu-phala. L nhn qu ng bo thin
nhn thin qu, c nhn c qu,) kh au hay khng. Ti mi tr li l khng, ngi nh
th khng sa vo vng nhn qu. V ni vy m sut mt thi gian di ti sa vo sc sinh
o, b a lm thn chn hoang, cho n nay tri qua nm trm kip. Vy xin thy
ban cho ti mt cu tr li ng ti c th thot ra khi kip chn.
Ni xong, lo t li cu hi cho Bch Trng: Th th ngi tu hnh o Pht n ch
cao diu vn cn c th sa vo vng nhn qu kh au hay sao?
Ha thng mi tr li: Khng m mui nhn qu.
Lc , lo gi cht i ng, vi ly ha thng Bch Trng v ni: Nh th th ti
thot c kip chn. Xc ca ti b li nm sau ni. Xin thy hy ly l ch tng m
chn ct cho.
Bnh xng, V Mn ni rng: Bo l Khng sa vo vng nhn qu th b a lm
chn hoang, cn ni Khng m mui nhn qu li thot c kip chn hay sao? Nu
c con mt th ba (Nguyn vn nht chch nhn [mt con mt] gip ta nhn thy chn
l. Con mt th ba ngoi hai nhc nhn [ca ngi trn mt tht,] C th hiu nh trc
gic,) m nhn thu sut im quan trng ny th mi bit lo gi trong ni Bch
Trng kia c sng sung sng thnh thi sut ngn vn nm ch c g u.
Ha thng bn lnh cho tng gi chc duy na (ngi gi k cng. y ch nhn vt c
nhim v trng coi ch tng trong cha,) thng tin (nguyn vn bch chy co chng
tc dng chy nh vo m ln thng tin,) cho chng tng t hp, bo rng sau gi
cm tra s lm l chn ct mt tng s va mi mt. Mi ngi ngc nhin xn xao:
Chng ta mnh khe nh th ny, Nit Bn ng (cn gi l Din Th ng, ni
tng s c bnh n cha tr, ngh ngi,) chng ai nm bnh c, sao li bo th? Cm
nc xong, ha thng hng dn mi ngi ra mt ci hang pha sau ni, dng
trng khu ra c xc cht mt con chn hoang. Bn ha tng ngay. n chiu, ha
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30
thng Bch Trng t chnh uy nghi bc ln bc ging, thut li mi s xy ra trong
ngy cho chng tng.
i t l Hong B (tc Hong B Hy Vn. Khng r nm sinh nm mt, ch bit ng
l mt i thin s i ng, nhn php t ca Bch Trng Hoi Hi. C li
ng lc Truyn Tm Php Yu. Tiu truyn ca ng thy chp trong T ng Lc,
Cnh c Truyn ng Lc v Tng Cao Tng Truyn,) nhn mi hi: Ngy xa, lo
gi v tr li sai mt cu hi m b a lm thn chn hoang sut nm trm kip, nu lo
ta tr li ng th liu lo s tr thnh g ?
-Ngi ti y. Ta s v lo gi tr li cho!
Hong B bn tin st n bn Bch Trng, bt thn a tay tt vo mt thy, chng
t mnh hiu th no l ci tm v phn bit. Hay c th ng ta bit thy mnh thy
xc chn t trc nhng t ba ra ci chuyn phng tin ng ngn ny truyn php?
Ha thng bn v tay ci, ni: Ta tng ru ca lo H mu . Chng d y li c
lo H ru tht!
H cn l dn tc vng Trung . Ngi Trung Hoa m ch Pht hay S T t Ma, u
l ngi ngoi quc man di, r H, qu tc . Cu ni, Tng v h tu xch cnh hu
xch tu h trong nguyn vn l mt thnh ng c khen ngi, Ch c ngi ng iu,
tri k mi hiu nhau.
Lc dch li bn ca Gio s Akizuki Rymin: Chc ha thng Bch Trng khi do
ni tm thy xc chn hoang. T ng mi dng nn kch bn ny. C th gi lo
gi trong ci xc chn hoang l mt mt ha thng Bch Trng i trc (tin Bch
Trng) m chuyn v ng y c tht khng th khng thnh vn . Bi v va mi t
n ch bt lc nhn qu (k ng o ri khng ri vo s chi phi ca lut nhn
qu), nh tu hnh li sa xung ci h sai lm ca s gic ng v ci gi l bnh ng
(n khng) v inh ninh mnh l nhn vt cao cng nht trong ni. mi l vn
ca ng ta. ngha ca thin kiu chn hoang (d h thin) l th y!
Con ngi ta va mi thot ra s rng buc ca ci tm phn bit v thu nhn vo lng
th gii v cng rng ln ca bnh ng, khng nhiu thi t, c lc say sa v ci tm
cnh mnh va tip thu c nn c khuynh hng tr thnh mt ma vng gy tr ngi
cho vic tu thin (thin thin ma).Ngay c thin s Hakuin (i thin s Nht Bn phi
Lm T sng vo gia thi Edo, Hakuin Eikaku [Bch n, Hu Hc, 1685-1768] l mt
tng s du hnh, c cng phc hng mn phi ca mnh. Gii v thin ha v li nhiu
trc tc,) nm 24 tui, khi gic ng c v ch V cng c thi ngo mn v trnh
ca mnh. n khi gp Shju Rjin (Chnh Th Lo Nhn) ch bo, mi phn tnh v
s sai lm .
Theo li bnh ca ha thng V Mn, khng th gii thch bt lc nhn qu l sai hay
bt mui nhn qu l ng c. Dng con mt th ba m hiu th mi thy ng
Bch Trng i trc sng nm trm kip hnh phc trong thn xc chn hoang ca
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31
mnh. V mt libt lc, mc phi sai lm thnh chn hoang. Nhng tr li bt mui
thot kip chn li l ci sai lm th hai. Chn m c vui sng kip chn, khng thm
thung chi khc l ng gi l Pht ri. Ngi m khng tha mn sng lm ngi, lun
lun i tm nhng g u u th ng gi l chn vy.
Thnh ra ch no cng l trong vng nhn qu, lc no cng phi theo lut nhn qu.
Bc i tu hnh khng phi tm kim g bn ngoi. Nh Suzuki Daisetsu (dng ch
tru qung (khoanh ci ch) c chp trong thin Tp Nhi sch Lun Ng) ni phi t
khonh tay mnh lm ch gi u cho mnh, vui vi ci mnh c. trong s bnh ng
(chn khng v tng) phi c s d bit[*] (chn khng diu hu). Ci bnh ng sai
lm (c bnh ng) do khng bit c s d bit y gi l thin kiu chn hoang (d h
thin) vy. (* Li dch gi, Tky ngy 24 thng 2 nm 2009, Nguyn Nam Trn, tng
chng nh mu thun nhng thit ngh ci tm khng phn bit cn dp b v s d bit
lc no cng tng n trong bnh ng l hai khi nim thuc hai phm tr khc nhau.)
Tng t, c mt n Pht T hi Thin S Sng Sn: Ngi n c th tu thnh Pht
c khng? S Sng Sn tr li: Khng!
Trong Ng ng Hi Nguyn ghi, c mt b gi n hi Thin S Triu Chu:
- Bch Ha thng, con thy thn ngi n kh qu, b chng ngi kh tu, xin Ha
Thng ch cho con cch tu lm sao kip sau con thnh thn nam.
Ha thng ni: Khng cn phi i n kip sau, n trc chnh in ti s chuyn
cho b.
Khi b gi ng trc chnh in, Thin S Triu Chu nh ba ting chung ri ni:
- Nu b mun chuyn thnh thn nam, b phi nghe li ti, pht nguyn lc nh th
ny: Con pht nguyn cho tt c mi ngi u sanh ln ci tri, cn con th trm lun
di ha ngc.
B gi s hi, cho rng li pht nguyn ny khng lin quan g n vic b mun chuyn
sang thn nam d tu hnh. Ha thng lc ny mi khai th:
- mi chnh l chuyn thn nam.
Trn Thi Tng (1218 - 1277) gii thch vn phn bit nam n ny trong Ph
Thuyt Sc Thn, ta Gp Tu: Nhc th tc gia c nhn, trc tu to cp hi quan.
Phin thn khiu xut t sinh kha; n ch lit khai n i vng. Tng nh nam, tng nh
n tng th kham tu; nhm c tr nhm c ngu tn giai hu phn. Nhc v t Pht tm
t , th tin bng tr gii nim kinh; cp Pht dic phi, T dic phi tc gii h tr kinh h
nim.
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32
C huyn sc dic danh chn sc, x phm thn d th php thn; ph lc tc vi lc thn
thng, du bt kh tc bt t ti. Tuy ngn nhm ma nhi nhn nhn k nhp gi sc thn l,
kh d th nan nan.
Ha Thng Thanh T dch: Nu ngi tc gia mt, cn phi sm gp hi quang,
chuyn thn nhy khi vng sanh t, khong khy tay ct t li i n. D l nam hay
n thy u tu c; du rng tr hay ngu trn u c phn. Nu cha t c Pht tm,
T , hy trc nng tr gii tng kinh. n lc Pht cng chng phi, T cng chng
phi, th gii g tr, kinh no tng.
Ni sc huyn cng l chn sc, thn phm cng l thn Pht. Ph su thc lm su
thn thng, do tm kh (Tm kh l: sanh ,lo ,bnh, t, cu chng c, thng yu
chia la, on th chung hi, thn nm m hng thnh,) thnh tm t ti (Tm t ti: Mt
thn hin nhiu thn nh s vi trn - Thn nhiu nh vi trn khp cc ci Pht - Thn
ln ca Pht n cc th gii - Pht hin v s thn - su cn h dng - Pht t tt c
php vn nh khng c - Pht thuyt php t ti.) Tuy ni th y, m mi ngi vo
trong sc thn ri, b tht kh thay!
Trong Ph Khuyn Pht B Tm, ta Sch Tn (Encouraging,) Trn Thi Tng
ging tip: Hoc c ngi vi u trong n ung, qua mt mt i. Hoc c ngi trn
ng tu hnh lm ln, m khng thc tnh. u bit, tnh gic B- mi mi vin
thnh, no hay cn lnh Bt Nh ngi ngi y . Ch lun i n tiu n, thi phn
ti gia xut gia. Chng cuc ngi tng k tc, ch ct nhn c bn tm. Vn khng c
nam n, u cn chp tng. Ngi cha r di chia tam gio, liu c ri ng ng
nht tm. Nu hay phn chiu hi quang, u c kin tnh thnh Pht.
Hoc hu mai u khit phn nhi khng qu nht sinh; hoc hu thc l tu hnh nhi bt
tnh gi . Khi thc B gic tnh c c vin thnh; tranh tri bt nh thin cn nhn
nhn c tc. Mc vn i n tiu n, hu bit ti gia xut gia. Bt cu tng tc nhi ch yu
bin tm, bn v nam n h tu trc tng. V minh nhn vng phn tam gio, liu c
ng ng nht tm: Nhc nng phn chiu hi quang, giai c kin tnh thnh Pht.
Ln ci tri hay a a ngc mc m g ti c hay ci? C th tr chi tn gio do
nhng ngi nam t ra chy trn ngi n cho nn h khng mun ngi n chy
theo chi cng, nu ko, quy ph? Nu khng c ngi oan gia n th ngi nam cn g
xut gia tu hnh? Hnh nh theo s Tu v s i Hn ln nhng tn gio khc th tn
nam no cng i trng phu, cao thng hn ngi n? V minh, kh au u k th
nam n?
N lu anh kit cng y tr tu,
i my l phng ct cao
i mi chn ng kho o rng m
Ting nng v bc thnh th
Tng dng kinh tu trn t khi my
*
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33
Ta v r o my tri
Gi trng nh gic bn i d lan
Rng xa c [] t quan
Ln non tm ng hoa vng ng say
*
Em t ra mt chn nh
Nghing soi ht nc mi h khng v
Thu hng hin knh b
Phn son chm lng ht m lun hi
*
Cnh sen l chu sng trong
o ni xm vt tri hong bun v
Tay no nghing nn th che
Tay no ln chui b xanh xao
*
Nn khuya la ht hiu vng
Trang kinh lc c i hng nhn sa
no ha hin ngn hoa
Ch no cn nguyt trn t o ni
*
Ni v khp ca cha tu
Sm mai m cng qut thu vn hng
Thu vng ngn chi i bng
Thong dng hng l bm vng cnh duyn
*
D non sui ging thm th
tam th mng x g vc hoa
Ni c hin gia ta b
Bp tay hng ngc nng t o trng
*
Khi trm thm tng kinh hin
Mu xun mch lnh trong min xng da
Vn cha c n hm ca
Sng khuya: php bo trng t: v mn
*
Chung ngn chiu lng trm t
Ting li m ht thin th bnh bng
iu v tay giu chm bng
Gt chn t pht tr hng hng sa
*
Bng trng tch mc hin nh
Thnh n ny ht t b quyn hng
Gi thu t tha phng
V trn hc g bn ng lng im
(ng Hoa Vng, Phm Thin Th)
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34
Thin S Y Sn ( ? - 1213 ) lun v Bnh ng: Cc ngi nn bit, Nh Lai thnh ng
Chnh Gic, i tt c ngha khng cn ch no qun st, i vi php bnh ng khng
c nghi hoc, khng tm khng tng, khng i khng dng, khng lng khng ngn,
xa la hai bn, tr trung o, vt ngoi tt c vn t. [Ngoi tnh nam n, m dng.
Bt nht bt nh. THL]
Ha Thng Thanh T bnh lun: Nhiu thp nin v trc, ti hi bn s ca ti l
Thy Tch Chiu v gii ca Thin gia. V s gi ny tr li rng ch c mt gii cn gi
trong tm: hy thy tnh bnh ng ca vn php, [vn vt. THL]
i c Thch Kh nh hi: Cu chuyn ny tng nh rt n gin, nhng qu Pht
T th ngm ngh li, [bnh ng] i trng phu l g? i c Thch Kh nh
ging gii v nh ngha v ch i trng phu ny nhng ti cm thy khng hon ton
ng nh bnh ng l. Theo ti, i trng phu ch dnh ring gi ngi nam nhn
ch ng mt na nh a s iu mun tng l nh vy. i trng phu l ngi c
tin kin, tham vng ln, ngi dm lm i s phi thng v vic ln bt chp phng
tin khng nht thit nam n - Hai B Trng l i trng phu, B Triu, V Tc Thin
l i trng phu v rt nhiu nam nhn lch s i trng phu, anh hng ho kit, khng
k ht. Ti v bn cng c th l i trng phu trong tm tng.
Cn nhng ngi c mt tm hn bao dung, cao thng, c nguyn lc ln mnh, mun
cho tt c mi ngi u c sung sng, an n cn mnh sn sng gnh chu nhng ni
au kh ca chng sinh khng hn l bt i trng phu m ch l bt i gic ng, i t
bi hay i thnh nhn. Nhng v thnh nhn ny khng c phn hng l i trng
phu nh ngi Trung Hoa nh ngha, l V c bt trng phu. Nhng bt i gic
ng nh Pht, ch B tt v cc bt hin trit thnh nhn khng bao gi lm c nhng
iu c c phi thng .
l Pht, l B Tt th u cn phn bit nam n, hay i trng phu na. Nht l
trong thi i vn minh ca y khoa hc hin i th chuyn n thnh nam, nam thnh n,
bn n bn nam c kh khn g, ch cn c tin l mua c nh . M ti khng hiu
ni l mun chuyn n qua nam c g bo m l kh hn hay d tu gic ng hn?
Trn i ny thiu g nhng thng c cn ngu n km tr tu, hn h hn my con ci?
Hn na, u c phi bt c thng nam no cng ngu xun mun tm nguyn, tht lng
lm i trng phu Tu theo iu kin ca Thin S Triu Chu, Chu pht nguyn
cho tt c mi ngi u sanh ln ci tri, cn mnh th trm lun di ha ngc. Ni th
ai cng ni c nhng my ai lm c? Thay v, a s chng n iu cu ngc li.
Khi ngho kh kh khn th a s u cu tri cu Pht cho con trng s c c con
gip anh em, b con v c bc. iu cu xin ca qun t khn l: Cu tri cu Pht
cho con trng s con hng trc . Cn gip ngi s tnh sau v n khng trong
iu kin ca cu khn l phi gip bt c ai sau khi c trng s c c.
Trong Ch Nguyt Lc c ghi, mt hm b Ym Ma La N n hi B Tt Vn Th S
Li, Chng sanh bit sn l kh, bit phin no l kh, bit con ng lun hi sinh t
l kh, m sao vn i vo? B Tt Vn Th S Li ni: Bit, nhng ci bit cn rt
yu. Rt yu? Tc l v nghip lc yu nn b nhng ln sng ca dng tm thc li
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35
ko a y vo ci lun hi. Nhng ln sng nghch duyn kh au , nu qu Pht
t chiu kin vo mi thy tuy nghch duyn khn kh tht, nhng bn cht n v thng,
khng t tnh. Ci g thy c bn cht v thng, khng t tnh ? Hiu c v
sng c vi n t dng mnh [c mnh lc, THL] vt thot ra c nghch duyn .
(Trong bi Hy lun qun nim v ci cht trong cuc sng i thng, i c Thch
Kh nh ging Ti Cha Pht o (c) nm 2009)
Thin S Sng Sn th danh l L c Nhn sanh ngy 04 Thng 7 nm 1927, ti lng
Sun-Cheon, pha Bc th ph Bnh Nhng, by gi l Bc Triu Tin. Cha ng l mt
k s Cng Chnh, v m l ngi ni tr m ang. C hai sng o Hi Thnh Tin
Lnh Trng lo (Presbyterians.) D nhin, thu nh ng cng sng o Tin Lnh nhng
v hon cnh lch s ca i Hn thi v nhn duyn nghip qu a ng n vi Pht
Php v tr thnh thin s ni danh.
Mun T Ng L Mt Sai Lm Ln, Thin s Sng Sn Khai Th v S Sai Lm ca
Lc T: Nhng nm trc y, lc cn sanh tin, Thin s Sng Sn v mt s mn sinh
ca ng n thm Trung Quc, chim bi nhng ngi cha danh ting v nhng thnh
tch gn lin vi lch s Thin Tng nc ny. H gp cc tu s Pht gio v nhng v
thy dy Thin, tt c cho n on mt cch nng nhit.
Ni u tin on n ving l cha Lc Thp (Liu Rng,) ti Qung Chu, v k l mt
ngi cha Lm T c gn 1400 tui. Thin s Sng Sn v cc mn sinh ca ng c
tham d mt tua du lch, qua nhng ngi cha c v cc i thp bi v tr tr hng
dn. l i s Sul Bong, ngi gii thiu cc kin trc khc nhau v mt s d n
c sa cha phc hi v b p ph bi Hng V Binh a n tn tht lch s v
suy i vn ha Trung Hoa trong cuc Cch mng Vn ha v Trm Hoa ua N cung
tn ca Cng Sn Tu. Cui cng, h n hi trng Lc T, on rt vinh d c ti
y v n to nn mt n tng tht su sc.
H tho lun bn trong hi trng, trn tng c treo ln bi th ni ting ca c Lc
t vit bng ch Hn trong mt ci khung g. Vi tt c nhng mn sinh ca cc trng
phi Thin, bi th ny c tm quan trng rt ln trong vic thnh lp truyn thng Thin
Tng ti Trung Quc. Nhng i vi cc nh s Trung Hoa, c bit bi th ny c
coi nh mt s tn knh thing ling, ni v bn th tuyt i ca T S Thin.
Khi thy tr tr cha Liu Rong, Thin s Sng Sn v nhng mn sinh ca mnh nhn vo
bi th treo trn tng ti hi trng Lc T, Sng Sn ni:
Vi bi th ny, L C S Hu Nng c cng nhn v tr thnh v T S Thin
i th 6. Nhng c mt sai lm trong bi th ny. Bn l ngi tr tr ngi cha, bn c
nhn thy sai lm ca c Lc T khng?
Tht l mt c sc bt ng, thy tr tr ch tay vo bi th hi: Sai lm ca c Lc t ?
Ti khng th tng tng ni... Vo dng no?
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36
Khng, khng, Sng Sn tr li: "Khng phi cc dng ch ny cc dng k u
chnh xc. Cc mu t u chnh xc. Nhng ngha bi k ny l mt sai lm ln. Nu
ni Xa nay khng mt vt," tc l mt sai lm ln. Bi v nu bn thc s tin rng
Xa nay khng mt vt" tc l Bn th khng c g, thm ch khng th vit hoc ni.
Nh vy to ra mt ci g ri. l sai lm u tin.
Ngoi ra, c Lc T to ra ba ht bi Th nht, bi Xa nay khng mt vt.
Th hai, bi "B v Th ba, bi gng sng chng phi i." V vy, lm th no
ngi c th ni, trong dng k cui cng, "Ch no cn dnh bi?" c nhiu, rt nhiu
bi trong bi th ny. Tht l mu thun! V vy, ton b bi th ny l mt sai lm ln".
Sau , Thin s Sng Sn nhn vo thy tr tr, ngi c i mt vn m rng t v
ngc nhin, Thin s hi:
Lm th no bn c th chnh sa li bi th ny.
Thy tr tr tr li:
Vng, khi Lc t vit "Xa nay khng mt vt," tc l ngi cp n cm t
trong Kinh Kim Cang: Tt c hnh tng u h di, khng tht; Nu bn thy cc php
sanh khi cng nh l hoi dit, bn c th thy c chn tnh (Nh lai)." l nhng
g Lc T mun t by.
Thin s Sng Sn ni:
Vng, l nguyn tc ca Tnh Khng. Thy th ta Thn T vit v "Sc tc l
khng; Khng tc l sc. Bi th ca Lc T cho thy "khng Sc, khng Khng." Ni
cch khc, thy th ta b dnh mc vi s v thng ca ngn t hin tng, trong khi
Lc T b dnh mc vi tnh Khng. Tt c u c ngha Tu gic. Tuy nhin, Chn
tht ng l Sc tc Sc; Khng tc Khng. Bn c th nh ng bi th ca Lc T t
quan im bt nh ca "Sc tc Sc, Khng tc Khng c chng?
S tr tr ni:
, trn thc t, m ming l mt sai lm ri!
Thin s hi:
Vy th lm th no bn c th m ming ngay c khi ni iu ?
Thy tr tr ly hai bn tay bt ming mnh li ri ni:
, vng! Ti to ra mt sai lm!
(Mun T Ng L Mt Sai Lm Ln, Thin s Sng Sn Khai Th, Thch Gic Nguyn
chuyn ting Vit, S Sai Lm ca Lc T)
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37
Trn Th Vin Hoa Sen website, Trong kin bn c, c nhng t ngh rt hp dn v
y th v:
Tu Thin (L B Bn): Lng nghe nhng ni nng trong tm (tm ngn), thm ng c
cn (ch th ca tm ngn vng tng), th Chn tm (tc Tm thy bit-v ngn v
nim) hin tin. "Tri huyn tc li, li huyn tc gic" (Kinh Vin Gic)
Bi k ca Lc T mang ni hm v tng, v nim, v tr trong Php Bo n Kinh;
cng l ni hm khng, v tng, v tc trong kinh Pht. Ni theo ngn t ca kinh
Lng Nghim l: Sinh dit dit d, tch dit hin tin-(Sinh dit u dit, tch dit hin
tin).
Bill: ng ny vui n. Lc t ph Thn T, cn ng ph Lc t.
L Huy Tr: Lc t ph Thn T, Thin s Sng Sn, hu bi, ph Lc T nhng li lt
vo vng Thn T v c 3 git bi nn phi thng lau chi cho n khi bi l bi,
gng l gng. Bi khng l gng, gng khng l bi th cng l khng sai, khng
ng. Khng bt nht ln bt nh. Tht ra, Lc T Khng li Khng ht bi no v
Ngi Khng vit bi th . Ti suy on, Lc T tin on trc s c k hu sinh
mun lm kh y nh gn tng Sng Sn mun ph T nn Ngi nh ngi khc vit
dm, nh h bi k trn tng.
Bt thnh nhn gic ng c phong thi phi thng . H khng lm m khng phi
khng lm. V vi nhi v bt vi! Tng t nh ca Bi Ging vit v Thin S Tu S
trong i vo ci th Tu S, Ngi thi s xut chng xut thn thng c phong thi
khc thng . H ni tt t m ni rt nhiu. H ni rt nhiu m chung quy h nh
chng thy g ht. H ni cho h, m nh ni ht cho mi ngi. Ni cho mi ngi m
c h chng bn tm g ti chuyn thin h nghe hay chng nghe. Ni vui, ni bun ca
h, dng nh chng phi ging li vui bun ca chng ta. Do chng ta trch mc h
mt cch lch lc ht c (par manque de justice interne).
Lc T khng lm g ngc vi t nhin. Khi khng lm nhng g ngc vi t nhin
hay ni nh Needham: ng ngc ng i ca s vt th ngi ta ha hp vi o v
hnh ng mang li thnh qu. Li Lo T, Kh v D cng thnh, Cao v Thp cng
chiu, Ging v Ting cng ha, Trc v Sau cng theo. l ngha cu ni xem ra
b him ca Lo T: khng lm m khng c g l khng lm (v vi nhi v bt vi)." Cp
i cc m dng khng phi ch l nguyn l nn tng ca ton b vn ha Trung Hoa.
Khng Gio c tnh suy lun, nam tnh, hot ng v t l. Lo Gio ngc li nhn
mnh tnh cht trc gic, n tnh, huyn vi v mm mng ca m nhu. Lo T ni,
ng bit rng mnh bit, l hay v Thnh nhn lm m khng hnh ng, dy m
khng dng li. Lo Gio cho rng khi tr li tnh m, tnh mm yu ca t tnh con
ngi th d sng mt cuc i ha hp vi o hn. Cu cnh c Trang T ni r
nht khi m t v mt thin ng Lo Gio: Trc khi s hn lon xy ra, ngi thi
xa c mt s yn tnh, s yn tnh ca ton th gii. Thi m v Dng cn ha
hp v tnh lng; s tnh lng v vn ng iu ha nhau, khng chng ngi; bn ma
ng gi gic, tuyt khng mt vt xy ra khng ng thi, tuyt khng sinh linh no
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38
cht trc thi hn. Thi con ngi c kh nng hiu bit mi vic nhng h
khng h s dng n kh nng . l iu m ta gi l nht th tuyt i. Thi
khng c hnh ng g c, tt c ch l s biu hin lin tc ca tnh hn nhin. l
thi ca khng v minh, khi c kh nng hiu bit mi vic th cn s dng n
kh nng g na hiu bit mi vic? Khi l Pht th cn php g na thnh Pht.
3. Nh khng m C, m C cng Nh Khng
Ti xin Pht Gio ha li ca Krauss: V tr t u ra? Trc l g? V cui cng, ti
sao th C cn hn Khng? Khng phi c th C t Khng ra, C s lun lun t
Khng m C. Where did the universe come from? What was there before it? What will
the future bring? And finally, why is there something rather than nothing? Not only can
something arise from nothing, something will always arise from nothing. (A Universe
from Nothing: Why There Is Something Rather than Nothing, Atria Books, physicist
Lawrence Krauss.)
Tm l Lng Nh Khng cng Nh C; Lng l Tm Nh C cng Nh Khng. Lng l
Tm hnh nh u cng Nh Khng c. Tm l Lng hnh nh u cng Nh c Khng.
Gic ri th cht bng ln nh la sng. Ng ri th l mt ting st h khng.
(Phng theo bn nhc Tnh C Nh Khng ca Nhc S Trn Thin Thanh: Tnh l tnh
nhiu khi khng m c. Tnh l tnh nhiu lc c nh khng...Tnh l tnh nhiu ni u
cng c. Tnh l tnh d c cng nh khng...Ri th cht bng ln nh la nng. Ri th
l mt ting st thinh khng...)
S ln cht nh rng thin
Trong tim cht thp mt rng t dng."
(Phm Thin Th)
William James ni: Tm thc thng thng, tnh to ca chng ta, tm thc suy lun
nh chng ta gi tn, ch l mt dng c bit ca tm thc, trong lc xung quanh ,
ch cch mt tm mn mng, [v minh, THL] c nhiu dng ca tm thc hon ton
khc ang sn sng [t duy. THL]
Qu trnh tri gic l mt qu trnh duyn sanh gia vt th (trn,) h thng gic quan
(cn) v thc (thc.) Nhn duyn sanh l do nhng nguyn nhn (nhn) v nhng iu
kin duyn khi (conditions,) hon cnh (s ti.) Thiu mt nguyn nhn hay mt iu
kin trn, kt qu tri gic s hon ton khc bit i. thc (mind) gn lin vi thn th
(body) v gic quan nn nhng gii hn ca gic quan cng l nhng gii hn ca thc.
Nh ni, chng ta din dch th gii v tr bng mt loi ngn ng ly thn th v
thng lm chun t c nh nguyn. Ngay c ci ti cng l mt k c. Tt c cc t
bo trong thn th chng sinh ln con ngi u thay i mi tng pht, tt c u
lun hi ti sanh, khng cn c thn th ca ti thng trc. Tm thc con ngi tri
theo mt chiu vi nhng tng cht n ri vt i, v thng thay i tng stna. Ni
chung, mu sc, m thanh, hng, v, cm, xc, thc u l nhng quy trnh tri gic
do h thng gic quan v tm tr thc thi t nhng qu trnh tin ha ca lng t m ra.
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39
Chng ch c thc, c ngha t s din dch ca h thng ng un ca ring mi c
nhn. Th gii nh chng ta thy l mt qu trnh din dch, hay l mt qu trnh tng
tng ca thc v s vt v s vic ch khng phi chnh l s vt hay s vic y.
Chng ta sng trong tng tng ca ng un ca chnh mi c nhn m l tng
tng th ch tng i hoc hon ton l o tng ch khng hn l thc ti. Tr tng
tng l mn qu sng to tuyt vi ca nhn sinh. Tt c vn minh kin thc khoa hc
cng t tng tng m to thnh, m hin hu trn i. Tt c t Tm tng!
C th cc chiu tng tng ca dng thc ny khng hn l nhng chiu trong
thuyt c bit tng i [hp] (Special Theory of Relativity) ca Einstein, trong cc
chuyn ng tng i vi vn tc khng thay i nhng iu ni bt l nh tng
tng ca khoa hc a chng ta n gn mt khi nim v khng gian v thi gian
tng i gn ging vi nhng khi nim ca Pht Gio. Trong thin nh th hnh gi
t ti mt im m s khc bit gia ngi quan st hon ton tiu tan, ni ch th
v khch th thng nht lm mt trong mt ton th bt kh phn. Dng nh h t
c mt dng thc phi thng, trong h chuyn ha c th gii ba chiu v
chng thc c mt thc ti bn chiu, hay chiu cao hn. Th nn, Sri Aurobindo
mi ni v mt thay i tinh t, n cho php thy b mt trong dng thc ca mt
chiu th t. Stephen Hawing cn ni n khng gian th 11st.
L thuyt v s cong ca khng thi gian c gi l Thuyt Tng i Tng Qut
[Suy Rng] (General Theory of Relativity) ca Einstein trong bao gm cc chuyn
ng khng u v nh hng ca trng trng (gravity.) Thuyt Tng i Tng Qut
kh phc tp nhng thuyt ny gip cc khoa hc gia tin on chnh xc v ngun
gc v tr v cho php cc khoa hc gia tnh ngc thi gian tr li thi im ca Big
Bang. Thuyt tng i Tng Qut thay i hon ton quan nim ngun gc ca v
tr. Mt v tr tnh c th tn ti mi mi hoc c th c to ra vi hnh dng hin
nay ca n ti mt thi im no trong qu kh. Khoa hc gia suy lun, nu by gi
cc thin h ang ri xa nhau vi tc rt nhanh, iu c ngha l trong qu kh
chng tng rt gn nhau. H kt lun, khong 14.7 t nm trc y, nhng thin h
ny tng gom li vi nhau vi mt nn rt v i n bt ng. Trng thi nn
c thnh mt khi vi trn ny c mt linh mc Cng Gio tn l Georges Lemaitre,
ngi u tin nghin cu v ngun gc ca v tr gi l nguyn t nguyn thy m
ngy nay chng ta gi l big bang. By gi, thuyt tng i khng cn ng ti thi
im v n ln v khng tng hp c vi l thuyt lng t, mt t tng cch
mng khoa hc vo thi im u th k 20th bt u t Max Plank, 1900 Berlin
khm ph ra rng bc x pht ra t cc vt th nng c th c gii thch nu nh
sng ch c th c pht ra hoc b hp th theo nhng lng ri rc c gi l cc
lng t (quanta.) y l mt tri suy lun, tm ti, nghin cu, tnh ton, th nghim
ca khoa hc, chng ta hy tm chp nhn ngun gc ca v tr khi u l tng i
nh vy i cho n khi khoa hc tm ra nhng l thuyt tng i mi l hn nh lch
s lun lun tng i chng minh v tng i lp i, lp li l khoa hc lun lun
tng i i . Khoa hc cn i l cn sng to; khoa hc c chp khng i na
l khoa hc i vo ng cht.
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40
Ngc li, Pht Gio khng chp nhn c im khi u nguyn thy ca v tr m
quan nim v tr v thy v chung. Khc vi khoa hc, quan nim ny ca Pht Gio
cha cn phi xt li hay i thng xuyn nh khoa hc. Thuyt Tng i trong
Pht Gio tng qut vin diu hn vi quan nim mi s vt trn th gian ch l nh
in nh o, tng i, tm b, v thng v lun bin i. T n i , i dng,
thay hnh trong stna. iu ny c ngha l, hnh sc v tnh cht ca vn vt lun lun
bin i ty theo nhn duyn, cnh gii trong s vt th hin. Trong Pht Gio v V
Tr, Gio S Trn Chung Ngc vit: Ni mt cch gin d, th tng i c ngha l
thy vy m khng phi vy bi l ty theo quan im v v th quan st ca mi
ngi (h thng qui chiu ring), hnh sc v tnh cht ca mt vt c th khc nhau.
Ngoi ra, tnh tng i trong Pht Gio cn thy r trong lut v thng. Tnh tng
i trong Pht Gio khng c g l l, v Vn php duy tm to m tm ca mi ngi
mi khc, mi ngi c mt nghip ring v sng trong mt cnh gii ring [cho nn
to ra nghip qu nhn duyn ring bit. Tng t nh Php v vi. THL] Trong khi ,
thuyt Tng i c Bit (Hp) m t s th hin khc nhau ca cc thc th vt cht
ty theo quan im ca quan st vin (ng ra l ty theo trng thi di chuyn tng i
gia cc quan st vin) nhng ng thi thuyt ny cng nh ngha s bt bin (khng
thay i) hay tnh tuyt i ca cc thc th vt cht. [Tng t nh Php hu vi. THL]
Astrophysicist George F. R. Ellis cho bit l nhiu nh thin vn hc du dim l h
chn mu v tr cn c trn quan im v v th quan st ca mi ngi (h thng
qui chiu ring, Frames of Reference) u ny chng t l kt qu quan st v kt lun
s tng i khc nhau tuy khng d g chng minh l h khng ng. Nh Vt L
Hc Robert Gentry, Nobel laureate Dr. Hannes Alfvn, Gio S Geoffrey Burbidge, Dr.
Halton Arp, v nh thin vn ni ting ca Anh Quc Sir Fred Hoyle cng ng vi
nhn xt ngi m s voi ny vi vi kh h y nghi vn trong thuyt big bang.
Tuy nhin, trong khun kh h thng qui chiu ca khoa hc th hai kt qu ca hai
thuyt tng i trn li hon ton ph hp vi nhau, ngha l trong s tng i thay
i c s khng tuyt i i thay. y chnh l mt im su sc trong thuyt tng
i hp ca Einstein. D nhin, quan nim v ci mt tuyt i, nht th, bt nh
trong Pht Gio hin nhin l thm diu, vin gic, khng b gii hn, phn bit nh
nguyn nh ci tuyt i tng i ca khoa hc.
Trong thuyt Tng i, tt c nhng kt qu ny u c th chng minh bng ton
hc, v t song song vi mt s quan nim trong Pht Gio chng ta c th qun
chiu d dng. i vi mt quan st vin ng yn th: Kch thc ca mt vt ang di
chuyn s cng thu nh hay ngn li nu vn tc di chuyn ca vt cng tng, v vt
s bin mt di con mt ca quan st vin khi vn tc t ti vn tc ca nh sng
trong chn khng. Trong Pht Gio, quan nim mang ni Tu Di t trn u mt si
lng m ni khng h thu nh li cng nh u si lng khng cn phi n rng ra
khng phi hon ton l mt quan nim hoang ng, khng tng, nu chng ta thc
c r tnh tng i du hnh ca khng gian lng t. cng l ngha trong
kinh: khng tng khng gim, khng thm khng bt, v sc bt th khng, khng bt
th sc. Khoa hc mi khm ph ra tng s ca energy ca tt c vt cht trong v tr
trit tiu vi con s zero. Nhng ch nhng khoa hc gia no c c mt cht v Pht
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41
Gio mi bit con s zero (0) khng phi l 0 m l (Khng, emptiness.) Thng
minh hn na, h cn bit cn o kch thc v trng lng ca v tr hin hu nhng
h o kt qu sai v h vn cha ng c ch Khng trong o Pht.
In the article, What's the Total Energy In the Universe? by Natalie Wolchover:
Considering the amount of energy packed in the nucleus of a single uranium atom, or
the energy that has been continuously radiating from the sun for billions of years, or the
fact that there are 1080 particles in the observable universe, it seems that the total energy
in the universe must be an inconceivably vast quantity. But it's not; it's probably zero.
Light, matter and antimatter are what physicists call "positive energy." And yes, there's
a lot of it (though no one is sure quite how much). Most physicists think, however, that
there is an equal amount of "negative energy" stored in the gravitational attraction that
exists between all the positive-energy particles. The positive exactly balances the
negative, so, ultimately, there is no energy in the universe at all.
4. Thu ban u y
Thu ban u kh qun y c Thin S Chn Nguyn din t trong sch Thin Tng
Bn Hnh.
Thu xa tri t cha sanh
Cha m cha c tht mnh Chn Khng
Chng c tng mo hnh dung
Tch quang ph chiu vin ng thi h.
Thin S Chn Nguyn h Nguyn tn Nghim, t l nh Ln, ngi lng Tin Lit,
huyn Thanh H tnh Hi Dng. ng sinh nm 1647, nhn c s tch Thin S Huyn
Quang dng Trc Lm Yn T, ngi