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PHARMACY PRACtICE IN INDIA
Dr. ANANDA KUMAR.CH M.Pharm, Ph.D
H.O.D OF PHARMACEUTICSLYDIA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY
Contents
• Definition • Requirements of GPP• Roles of pharmacist in GPP• drug information services• Resources of DI • Updated resources • Medication errors and types• patient counselling• counselling must be
DEFINITION OF GOOD PHARMACY PRACTICE.
• GPP is the practice of pharmacy that responds to the needs of the people who use the pharmacists' services to provide optimal, evidence-based care.
REQUIREMENTS OF GOOD PHARMACY PRACTICE
• The core of pharmacy activity is to help patients make the best use of medicines, through;
• The supply of medication and other health care products of assured quality.
• The provision of appropriate information and advice to the patients.
• Administration of medication.• The monitoring of the effects of medication use.• The promotion of rational and economic prescribing as
well as dispensing.
• GPP requires that the objective of each element of pharmacy
service is relevant to the patient, is clearly defined and is
effectively communicated to all those involved
• Multidisciplinary collaboration (TEAM WORK) among health
care professionals is the key factor for successfully improving
patient safety.
Good Pharmacy Practice requires that a pharmacist's first concern must be the welfare of the patients in all settings.
Good Pharmacy Practice requires that the core of the pharmacy activity is the supply of medication and other health care products, of assured quality, appropriate information and advice for the patient, and monitoring the effects of their use.
Good Pharmacy Practice requires that an integral part of the pharmacist's contribution is the promotion of rational and economic prescribing and appropriate medicine use.
Good Pharmacy Practice requires that the objective of each element of pharmacy service is relevant to the individual, is clearly defined and is effectively communicated to all those involved.
ROLES OF PHARMACIST IN GPP
• Prepare, obtain, store, secure, distribute, administer, dispense
and dispose of medical products
• Provide effective medication therapy management
• Maintain and improve professional performance
• Contribute to improve effectiveness of the health care system
and public health.
A STEP FORWARD…….
• PHARMACIST (dispensing) MUST GETS SPECIALIZED IN
• Drug information services
• Medication error
• Patient counselling
DRUG INFORMATION SERVICES
Services which cover the activities of specially trained
individual to provide accurate, unbiased, factual information in
response to patient oriented drug problems that are received
from health care professionals.
The drug information center is a services offered through
pharmacy department which provides advice and act as a
referral service by directing the best available resource to
respond to query to concern.
SIMPLE LOGIC……
• "Knowledge is of two kinds. We know a subject ourselves, or
we know where we can find information upon it. When we
enquire into any subject, the first thing we have to do is to
know what books have treated of it. This leads us to look at
catalogues, and at the backs of books in libraries."
— Samuel Johnson (Boswell's Life of Johnson)
RESOURCES OF DI
• PRIMARY RESOURCES: research papers/ journal articles/
case reports
• SECONDARY RESOURCE: abstracts, review articles,
indexing services such as DRUGDEX, drug information
database and abstracting MEDLINE, MICROMEDIX, etc….
• TERTIARY RESOURCES: text books on various aspects of
drug use and practical guidelines.
Updated resources
Micromedex
FDA website
Medscape
webMD
Drugs.com (drug interaction Checker)
WHO guidelines
EBSCO journal services
What kind of information
New drug or its product information/ identification.
Contraindications/ safety.
ADR/ DI
Efficacy/ treatment/ choice of drug
Pregnancy/ lactation/ pediatrics
Drug profile/ indications/ dosage/ pharmacokinetic information
Toxicology
Counselling information
•
MEDICATION ERRORS
• Almost everyone in the modern world takes medication at one
time or another.
• Most Of The Time Medications Are Beneficial.
• But some occasion they do harmful effects (side effects) which
is adverse drug events.
• But sometimes the harm is caused by an error in prescribing or
dispensing or administration of medication.
types
• PRISCRIBING ERRORS • TRANSCRIBING ERRORS• DISPENSING ERRORS• ADMINISTRATION ERRORS
PATIENT COUNSELLING…..
• “It is the pharmacist responsibility to ensure the patient
receives the required information for the quality use of
medicine. Counselling implies the communication of
information that would encourage therapeutic outcome”
When there is a need?
• The patient is new to the pharmacy
• The medication is new to the patient or there is a change in
strength from a previous prescription
• A prescription is for a child
• Where there is a lack of inadequate directions for use
• A prescription for a drug with a narrow therapeutic index or a
prescription for a controlled drug (methotrexate, warfarin,
digoxin, phenytoin).
Counselling must be …
Listen to the patient
Speak distinctly and clearly
Use open ended questions
What is the need for using this medication?
When are you going to take the medication?
What side effects might you experience?
What will you do if that occurs?
What will you do if you miss a dose?
Regarding drugs
Name of medication , dose, dosageform, schedule
List precautions: Eg., use sunscreen, avoid milk
How to administer (PO,IM etc.) (before / after food)
Special directions (storage, dilution)
Necessary lab tests
GIVE WRITTEN INFORMATION TO PATIENTS (IF POSSIBLE)
COUNSELLING REGARDING LIFE STYLE MODIFICATION
Do regular checkups- BP, Blood sugar level, ECG and lipid
profile
Have a brisk walking at least for 30min/day
Take more of fruits, carbohydrates,
Reduce salt intake.
Avoid fat containing food.