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Periodic Table of the Elements
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These are called the inner transition elements and they belong here
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1
2 13 14 15 16 17
18
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Vertical columns are called groups or families.
Elements are placed in columns by similar properties.
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Horizontal rows are called periods
1234567
There are 7 periods
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1A
2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
8A
3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 8B 8B 1B 2B
1
2 13 14 15 16 17
18
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
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Metals Luster – shiny. Ductile – drawn into wires. Malleable – hammered
into sheets. Conductors of heat
and electricity.
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Non-metals Dull Brittle Nonconductors
- insulators
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Metalloids or Semimetals Properties of both Semiconductors
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Group 1 are the alkali metals They have 1 valence electron in the outer orbital or energy shell
1
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Group 2 are the alkaline earth metals They have 2 valence electrons
2
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Transition metals Groups 3-12 their properties do
not fit in with those of any other family.
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Group 13 is called the Boron family They have 3 valence electrons
13
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Group 14 is called the Carbon Family They have 4 valence electrons
14
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Group 15 is called the Nitrogen Family They have 5 valence electrons
15
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Group 16 is called the Oxygen Family They 6 valence electrons
16
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Group 17 is called the Halogens They have 7 valence electrons
17
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Group 18 are the Noble Gases They have 8 valence electrons