Download - Pecutan Akhir Bio 151113
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Pecutan Akhir Biology
SPM
15 November 2013
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Paper 2
Section A
5 structure
Answer all questions. 5 x 12 = 60 marks
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Q1(a)
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Q1(b)
(i) System : Reproductive system
Organ : Testis/Penis
(ii) Numerous mitochondriato generate energy to move tail
Or Have a long tail
to swim towards the ovum easily
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Q1(c)
Sperm cannot get energy
and cannot swim to reach ovum/
fertilisation cannot occur
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Q1(d)
Multicellular organisms consists ofmany cells but unicellular made up of
one cell only
Multicellular need specialised cells tocarry out different functions but
unicellular can do life function in its
own cell
The cells in multicellular is far from
environment and difficult for diffusion
but unicellular cell is nearest to
environment and easy diffusion.
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Q2(a)
(i) P: Lactase
Q: Lactose
R: Lactase-lactose complex(ii)
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Q2(b)
(i) Enzyme is highly specific. It has
specific active site to bind to specific
substrate.
Enzyme is not destroyed by the
reaction they catalysed. It can reused.
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Q2(b)
(ii) The substratemolecule representsthe key and the enzymemolecule
represents the lock
The substrate molecule binds to theactive site to form enzyme substrate
complex.
The enzyme catalyses the substrateto formproducts.
The enzyme molecule is now free to
bind to more substrate molecules
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Q2(c)
At Q, enzyme reaction is at maximumrate.
The concentration of substrate is
high.The active site of enzyme molecules
is fully occupied by substrate
molecules.The limiting factor is concentration of
enzymes.
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Q3(a)
(i) Villus
(ii) The epithelial lining is only one cell
thick.Epithelial cell have numerous
microvillus.
Each villus has a network of bloodcapillaries.
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Q3(b)
X: absorb fatty acids and glycerol/
vitamins A, D, E, K
Y: absorb glucose/ amino acids/minerals/ vitamin B, C
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Q3(c)
(i) Acts as a check pointsto control the amount of nutrients
released into blood circulatory system
(ii) P is glucose which is converted toglycogen and stored in the liver.
When blood glucose decrease,
glycogen is converted to glucose.Glucose is transported to cells to
produce energy.
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Q3(c)
(iii) Lipids are not transported to liver.
Lipids are absorbed into lacteal.
From lacteal, lipids is transportedthrough lymphatic system to blood
circulatory system.
Excess lipids stored in adipose tissue.
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Q4(a)
(i) Lymph
(ii) X does not have erythrocyte/protein
plasma compare to blood plasma
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Q4(b)
Fatty acids and glycerol diffuse into
lacteal of villi
It is transported by lymphatic systemand returned to blood circulatory
system through left and right
subclavian vein.
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Q4(c)
(i) X: Artificial active immunity
Y: Artificial passive immunity
(ii) X: To stimulate lymphocytes toproduce more antibodies to prevent
future infection
Y: To supply enough antibodies toreach the level of immunity and
destroy pathogen quickly
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Q4(c) & (d)
(iii) 1. X obtained permanent protection
but Y obtained temporary protection.
2. X does not have immediateimmunity against disease but Y has
immediate immunity against disease.
(d) HIV destroy the lymphocytes
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Q5(a) & (b)
(a) (i) Negative feedback mechanism
(ii) X: Physical
Y: Metabolic process(b) Erector muscle relax
Hair follicle lie down to trap thin air
Blood capillary expand/vasodilation
More heat release through radiation
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Q5(b) & (c)
Sweat gland secrete more sweat.Evaporation of sweat release heat.
(c) Hypothalamus stimulate adrenal
gland.
Adrenal gland secrete adrenaline to
increase metabolic rate.
More heat produced.
Body temperature increase to normal
level.
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Paper 2
Section B
4 essays
Answer any TWOquestions 2 x 20 = 40 marks
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Paper 3
Question 1
Structure question
11 constructs Answer all questions
11 x 3 = 33 marks
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Q1(a) Measuring using
numbers
Day Body length/cm
8 11
16 17
24 24
32 30
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Q1(b)(i) Observation
At MV, the RV is data(w ith un it).
Sample answer:
1. At day 8, the body length ofcockroachis 11mm.
2. At day 32, the body length of
cockcroachis 30mm.
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Q1(b)(ii)Making inference
2 criteria: Time; Growth rate
Sample answer:
1. When time is short, the growth rateis low.
2. When time is long, the growth rate is
high.
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Q1(c) Controlling variables
Variables Handle the variablesMV
Time/Day
Useintervals of eight days
beginning from the day of hatching
RV
Body length of
cockroach/
Growth rate
Measureand recordthe body
length of cockroach using a ruler/
Calculate the growth rate using
formula:
Change in body length
TimeCV
Type of insect/
Amount of food
supply
Use the same cockroach
Fix the amount of food supply
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Q1(d) Making hypothesis
When the MVincrease, the RV
increase.
The longer the MV, the longer the RV.Sample answer:
When the time increase, the body
length of cockroach increase.The longerthe time, the higherthe
growth rate of cockroach.
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Q1(e) (i) Communicating
data(Titles/Data/Calculations)
Time/day Body
length/mm
Changes in
the body
length/mm
Growth
rate/mmday-1
8 11 4 0.50
16 17 10 0.63
24 24 17 0.71
32 30 23 0.72
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Q1(e)(ii) Space, time &
relationship (Axis/Points/Shape)
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Q1(f) Interpreting data
The shape of growth curve of insect is
staircase shape.
Horizontal lines indicates zero growthwhen the insect stop growing and
vertical lines indicate the nymphs
undergo ecdysis and increase rapidly
in size during ecdysis
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Q1(g) Operation definition
Growth of cockroach is the irreversible
increasesin body length of
cockroach.
When the time increase, the body
length of cockroach increase.
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Q1(h) Predicting
The body length of cockroach is
24mm. The body length does not
changebecause the growth of insect
occur during ecdysis.
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Q1(i) Classifying
Sigmoid curve Staircase shape
FrogSnake
CricketDragon fly
Ant
Crab
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Question 2
Planning experiment
6 aspect 5 x 3 = 15
1 x 2 = 2
Total = 17 marks
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Problem statement
MV, RV, question form
Does MV affect the RV?
What is the effect of MV on the RV?Sample answer:
What is the effect of water sample
from station P, Q and R on the timetaken for the methylene blue solution
to decolourise?
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Hypothesis
MV, RV, relationship
Sample answer:
Time taken for methylene blue todecolourise in water sample from
station P is longest compare to water
sample from station Q and R.
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VariablesManipulated variable:
Water sample from different station
Responding variable:
Time taken for methylene blue solutionto decolourise
Fixed variable:
Volume of water sample/ methyleneblue solution//
Concentration of methylene blue
solution
Li t f t &
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List of apparatus &
materials
(List together )
Water sample, methylene blue
solution, reagent bottle withstopper, beaker, syringe,
stopwatch
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Procedure
1. Water samples are collected from
three different station P, Q and R.
2. The reagent bottles are labelled P, Q
and R.
3. The reagent bottles are fully filled
with 200mlof water sample.
4. Each reagent bottle is closed with
stopper.
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5. 1 ml 0.01% methylene blue solution
is measured using a syringe.
6. 1ml of methylene blue solution is
added to the base of each water
sample by using the syringe.
7. The reagent bottles are closed
quickly with the stopper. The content
of the bottles cannot be shaken.
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8. All the bottles are placed inside a
dark cupboard.
9. The stopwatch is activated.
10. The time taken for the methylene
blue solution to decolourise in water
sample is measured and recorded by
stopwatch.
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11. The experiment is repeatedagain
and the average time taken for the
methylene blue solution to
decolourise in water sample is
calculated.
12. The results is recorded in a table.
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Presentation of dataWater sample
from Station
Time taken for
methylene bluesolution to
decolourise/
minute
Level of water
pollution
P
Q
R