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Paweł Pietrasieński, PhDKatarzyna Bitka, MA
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Research question and methodology
Bridge Organizations – definition and typology
Implication of leading internationalizationtheories on functioning of BO
The 4C model
Application of the „4Cs” to the Bridge Organizations
Findings and conclusions
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Research and interviews – July/August 2014
March 2015 – report for the Ministry of Economy
What are the determinants for mode of functioning of Bridge Organizations in SiliconValley, defined via the 4C model -Collaboration, Co-production, Coopetition, Coordination?
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Application
of the 4C
model
Desk
research
Interviews
Literature
review
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Governmental or quasi-governmental organizations supporting the development of innovative firms (from Europe) in Silicon Valley
+R&D cooperation
+Promotion of the country
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Uppsala model Network theory Born global
Implications for BO activity:◦ Uppsala model Incremental growth of BO’s
resources and presence in Silicon Valley
◦ Network theory Firms’ can benefit from access to foreign network of the BO
◦ Born global Firms can jumpstart their global presence via cooperation with the BO
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Col
labor
atio
n as t
he jo
int a
ctiv
ities
of “br
idge
org
aniz
atio
ns”
and
high
er edu
catio
n in
stitu
tions
Coopetition betw
een companies through
participation in the Cham
bers of Com
merce
support programs in Silicon V
alley
Co-production as the cooperation
of “bridge organizations” and
local business support institutions
on offering “soft-landing” services
and acceleration programs
Coo
rdin
atio
n of „
brid
ge o
rgan
izat
ions
”
activ
ities
by
gove
rnm
enta
l ins
titut
ions
/age
ncie
s
in th
eir r
espe
ctiv
e co
untri
es
4 “Cs” governance
model for
„bridge organizations”
in San Francisco
Bay Area
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„Joint activities of BO and higher educationinstitutions”
BOs working with academic institutions and RPOs, at home and in Silicon Valley
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„Cooperation of BOs and local business support institutions on offering „soft landing” services and acceleration programs”
BOs working with local contractors to offerservices to entrepreneurs
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„Coopetition between companies throughparticipation in acceleration programs offeredby other national or regional agents”
BOs bringing together the firms to cooperateand compete
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„Coordination of BO’s activities by governmental institutions/agencies in theirrespective countries”
BO is tightly connected to the homeinstitution
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Bridge
Organization
Coordination Authority Legal form 4C model
categorization
Ministry/Agency
of Economy
Ministry/Agency of
Science/Innovation
MFA/joint
venture
Annex of the
Consulate/part of
the Embassy
Company Private Public
Partnership/Misc.
Foreign Gov.
Office - MFGO
Collaboration
vs. co-production
Coopetition
vs. coordination
German
Accelerator
Collaboration
Coopetition
Czech
Accelerator
Co-production
Coopetition
Spain Tech
Center
Co-production
Coopetition
Holland in the
Valley
Collaboration
Coordination
Innovation
Norway
Collaboration
Coordination
Swissnex Collaboration
Coordination
Finpro Coopetition
Tekes Collaboration
Coordination
Denmark
Innovation
Center (ICDK)
Collaboration
Coordination
POLSKA
SVAC
Co-production
Coordination
French Tech Hub Co-production
Coopetition
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Mode of functioning defined primarily by:◦ the amount of resources involved by the
government
◦ the mission of the organization
◦ the stage within the longer-term development
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Coproduction – a characteristic of young BOs
Collaboration and Coordination – often linkedto the origin of the BO as a diplomatic post
Coordination applies also on the regionalstage (Nordic and V4 cooperation) and isbecoming a trend