PARTICIPATORY EVALUATION OF COMMON BEAN GENOTYPES FOR ADAPTATION AND
YIELD POTENTIAL IN DROUGHT-PRONE AREAS OF KENYA
Macharia R. D; Karanja R. D and Nguluu S.
First Bio-Innovate Regional Scientific ConferenceUnited Nations Conference Centre (UNCC-ECA)Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 25-27 February 2013
Partners involved Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture (extension staff in
Project sites) Trufoods Limited CLUSA International Smart Logistics Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Services
Rationale Little work has been done to develop improved bean
varieties that combine tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses with canning qualityMexican 142 – ruling varieties despite susceptibility to
drought and diseases (Bred and released in1950s)
Presence of processing industry in Kenya (Import raw materials from neighboring country by brokers)
Change in eating habits; Plant v animal based protein)
High demand v supply
Rationale cont’dProvide an alternative and relay crop in maize
and wheat growing areas
Lack of stakeholders’ involvement may contribute to rejection of new cultivars or very low adoption rates
Cultivars developed with stakeholders are more likely to be disseminated, adopted faster and have higher impact than those developed in formal systems
Objective
Evaluate the common bean genotypes for adaptation and yield performance in drought-prone environments of Kenya
Breeding Beans for Processing Industry• Initial working collection of 250 genotypes constituted
• Representative of major market class of Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools.
• Evaluated at Kiboko under stress and no stress conditions
• 111 lines were selected for participatory on-farm across AEZs evaluation and further shoot traits related to drought resistance.
• Evaluated in five on-farm sites (Itoloni, ngongoni, Ntulele, Olepolos, and moidabi) and two on-station sites (Kiboko and Katumani
6
Summary of Advanced Lines and Yield potential on-station
Seed type Average Yield (Kg/ha)
Non stress
Stress Rainfed
Red Mottled 20 1689.6 988.9 936.2
Red Kidney 18 2169.8 892.8 957.2
Small and Medium Reds
20 2038.1 772.4 1011.3
Small white 22 2265.1 1107.9 1437.6
Mixed Colours 21 2590.5 1292.2 1263.5
• New Drought tolerant lines were better yielding than the checks.
• Most genotypes give higher yields than the national average (>500 kg/ha) under stress and rainfed conditions.
On-Farm Average Yield across sites in 2012 LR
Seed type Average Yield (Kg/ha)
Red Mottled 19 1163.9
Red Kidney 17 1028.2
Small and Medium Reds
9 1321.1
Small white 22 1537.5
Mixed Colours 20 1363.5
KAT x 69* 715.3
KAT x 56* 650.2
KAT B9* 583.6
KAT B1* 432.5
• With proper choice of good lines from the new nurseries yield advantage of <10% have been realized.
Participatory selection for drought tolerance
•Gender disaggregated
•Ribbon method used to select the preferred and non-preferred lines.
•Probing to understand the criteria for and against
Participatory Variety Selection Cont’d
• Key traits for farmers:• Yield• Drought tolerance• Earliness• Uniformity in Maturity• Growth habit• Non shattering
Participatory Variety Selection Cont,dSite Male Female Total
Olepolos 18 13 31
Ntulele 63 14 77
Ngiito 14 9 23
Mai Mahiu 9 4 13
Nguutani 18 9 27
Kambi ya Mawe
23 20 43
Total 145 69 214
After three cycles of selection 12 lines (5 small whites, 4 red mottled, 1 red kidney and 2 small reds) have been selected
Planted together with the four commercial checks for AYT
With the results from on-station AYT at least 3 lines combing high yield, drought tolerance and industrial canning quality will be submitted for National Performance Trial in the coming season
On-going activities
Advanced yield trials.
Elite lines multiplication for industrial canning quality testing at Trufoods Ltd.
Acknowledgements Government of KenyaBioInnovate/SIDATRUFOODS LTDCLUSA InternationalMinistry of AgricultureFarmer Groups