PAKISTAN’S VISION OF WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
Presented By
Minister for Water and PowerAt
Pakistan Development Forum
May 14, 2003
COUNTRY PROFILE
• POPULATION: 141 MILLION
• GEOGRAPHICAL AREA: 796,100 KM2
• IRRIGATED AREA: 36 MILLION ACRES (14.5 MHa)
• ANNUAL WATER AVAILABILITY(AT RIM STATIONS; POST TARBELA): 143 MAF (175 BCM)
• ANNUAL CANAL WITHDRAWALS: 104 MAF (128 BCM)
• GROUND WATER PUMPAGE: 42 MAF (50 BCM)
• PER CAPITA WATER AVAILABLE (2003): 1200 CUBIC METRE
• AGRICULTURE PRODUCT: 25 % OF GDP
• TOTAL POWER GENERATION (INSTALLED CAPACITY): 17,942 MW
• HYDROPOWER GENERATION(INSTALLED CAPACITY) : 5,039 MW
1
RIVERS OF PAKISTANINDUS
JHELUM
CHENAB
RAVISUTLAJ
BIAS
WESTERN RIVERS
EASTERN RIVERS
AFGHANISTAN
INDIA
IRAN
2
Indus Basin Irrigation Indus Basin Irrigation Indus Basin Irrigation Indus Basin Irrigation SystemSystemSystemSystem
Barrages 19
Main Canal Commands 45
Link Canals 12
INDIA
IRAN
AFGHANISTAN
3
IRRIGATION NETWORK OF PAKISTAN
THE IRRIGATION SYSTEM OF PAKISTAN IS THE LARGEST INTEGRATED IRRIGATION NETWORK IN THE WORLD, SERVING 36 MILLION ACRES OF CONTIGUOUS CULTIVATED LAND. THE SYSTEM IS FED BY THE WATERS OF THE INDUS RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES.
SALIENT FEATURES OF IRRIGATION NETWORK
STRUCTURES NO.
MAJOR STORAGE RESERVOIRS 3(EXISTING LIVE STORAGE 12.7 MAF)SMALL DAMS 80BARRAGES 19INTER-RIVER LINK CANALS 12INDEPENDENT IRRIGATION CANAL COMMANDS 45
4
WATER REQUIREMENT AND AVAILABILITY
121.81
12.269.14 %
103.81
Not Applicable
-
Average Surface Water AvailabilityWith Additional StoragesShortfall% Age
103.81
30.2622.56 %
103.81
12.61 10.83 %
Average Surface Water AvailabilityWithout Additional StoragesShortfall% Age
134.07116.42Surface Water Requirements
2025(MAF)
2000(MAF)
Year Requirement / Availability
5
INSTITUTIONAL AND MANAGEMENT ISSUES
• NEED FOR NATIONAL WATER COUNCIL TO OVERSEE INTEGRATED WATER SECTOR PLANNING, DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT
• INADEQUATE STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION
• LACK OF PUBLIC AWARENESS & DEFICIENT WATER INFORMATION
• LACK OF FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY IN WATER SECTOR SERVICES
• LOW PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT OR PARTICIPATION
7
TECHNICAL ISSUES
• INCREASING DEMAND OF WATER FOR FOOD, FIBRE AND POWER
• COMBINED USE OF SURFACE AND GROUND WATER
• INEFFICIENT USE AND INEQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION OF WATER, ESPECIALLY IN IRRIGATION
• DETERIORATING WATER QUALITY
• INADEQUATE DRINKING WATER SUPPLY AND POOR QUALITY OF SERVICE
• DETERIORATING INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE SUB-SECTORS
• ENVIROMENTAL DEGRADATION OF IRRIGATED LANDS
• SAFE DISPOSAL OF SALINE DRAINAGE EFFLUENT TO THE SEA
8
NATIONAL WATER VISION
BY 2025, PAKISTAN SHOULD HAVE ADEQUATE WATER AVAILABLE THROUGH CONSERVATION, DEVELOPMENT AND GOOD GOVERNANCE. WATER SUPPLIES SHOULD BE OF GOOD QUALITY, EQUITABLY DISTRIBUTED AND MEET THE NEEDS OF ALL USERS THROUGH AN EFFICIENT AND INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT, INSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL SYSTEM THAT WOULD ENSURE SUSTAINABLE UTILIZATION OF THE WATER RESOURCES AND SUPPORT ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT WITH DUE CONSIDERATION TO THE ENVIRONMENT, QUALITY OF LIFE, ECONOMIC VALUE OF RESOURCES, ABILITY TO PAY AND PARTICIPATION OF ALL STAKEHOLDERS.
9
POLICY PLANNING FOR THE NATIONAL WATER VISION
• WAPDA VISION 2025
• NATIONAL WATER POLICY
• NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES STRATEGY
10
OBJECTIVES OF VISION 2025
• TO PREVENT THE WATER SHORTAGES IN THE FUTURE
• TO COMPENSATE/ADJUST FOR THE PREDICTED CLIMATIC CHANGES
• TO PROTECT THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR FROM DROUGHTS
• TO INCREASE RESERVOIR CAPACITIES LOST DUE TO SILTATION AND DEVELOP NEW STORAGES TO CATER FOR FUTURE NEEDS
• TO DEVELOP 16,000 MW OF HYDROPOWER FOR PROVIDING CHEAP ELECTRICITY TO CONSUMERS
• TO INVEST US $ 33 BILLION IN NEXT 22 YEARS TO ACHIEVE THE ABOVE VISION 11
ON GOING WATER SECTOR PROJECTS
174,492268.43,259,1065.64Total:
Dec. 200717,947-412,400-Rainee Canal
June 200732,450-713,000-Kachhi Canal
June 200730,467-1,530,000-Greater Thal Canal
March 2006
2,0921319,9200.08Satpara Dam
June 20051,000-25,0000.02Sabakzai Dam
June 20099,30058362,5001.20Kurram Tangi Dam
June 20065,860-33,2000.30Mirani Dam
Sept 200612,82317.4163,0861.14 Gomal Zam Dam
June 200762,553180 -2.90Mangla Dam Raising Project
Completion Date
Cost(Rs
Million)
InstalledCapacity
(MW)
Irrigable Area
(Acres)
Storage(MAF)
Name of Project
12
ON GOING HYDRO POWER PROJECTS
June 20048,8401,450Ghazi Barotha Hydropower Project
53,1171,975Total:
June 200613,54796Jinnah Barrage Hydro Project
June 20067,035106Golen Gol Hydro Power Project
June 20079,754130Duber Khawar HydroPower Project
June 20068,578121Allai Khawar HydroPower Project
June 20065,36372Khan Khawar HydroPower Project
Completion Date
Cost(Rs Million)
InstalledCapacity
(MW)
Name of Project
13
IMPACT OF ONGOING PROJECTS
THE ONGOING WATER AND POWER SECTOR PROJECTS
WILL PROVIDE
1) ADDITIONAL STORAGES OF 5.64 MAF, AND
2) IRRIGATE ADDITIONAL 3.26 MILLION ACRES OF LAND
AND PROVIDE EXTRA 2,443 MW OF HYDROPOWER
14
PROSPECTIVE IRRIGATION
INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS
88,2314,988,661Total:
-
159,073
285,652
956,936
2,430,000
175,000
482,000
340,000
160,000
Area to be Irrigated (Acres)
-do-1,000Balochistan Small Irrigation Schemes
-do-2,332Patfeeder Canal Extension
-do-19,200Chashma Right Bank Canal 1st
Lift
-do-6,208North West Canal Remodelling Project
-do-37,701Sehwan Barrage Complex
-do-7,003Shakargarh Canal Irrigation System
-do-3,618Cholistan Project – 1
-do-9,019Dajal Canal Extension Project
Beyond 20052,150Jalalpur Canal Project
Tentative Start Date
Cost (Rs Million)
Name of Project
15
PROSPECTIVE STORAGE PROJECTS
11,70031.59Total:
-do-7400.67Munda Dam
3.60
15.52
6.10
5.70
Storage(MAF)
-
4,000
3,600
3,360
Installed Capacity (MW)
-do-Akhori Dam
FeasibilityStudy
Skardu Dam
Ready forConstruction
Kalabagh Dam
FeasibilityStudy
Basha Dam
StatusName of Project
16
PROSPECTIVE HYDROPOWER PROJECTS
906,0188,914Total
PC-I Approved84,502963Neelum Jhelum Hydropower
-do-10,556120Taunsa Hydropower
-do-15,720219Naran (NWFP)
-do-15,960222Azad Pattan (Jhelum River)
-do-161,3401500Bunji Hydropower (NA)
-do-153,9601043Thakot Hydropower (NA)
-do-10,020139Chokothi (Jhelum River)
84
1172
2712
740
Installed Capacity
(MW)
-do-6,600Matiltan (NWFP)
-do-178,080Pattan Hydropower (N.A)
F.S. in Hand186,420Dasu Hydropower (N.A)
F.S. Completed82,860Kohala Hydropower (AJK)
StatusCost (Rs Million)
Name of Project
17
NATIONAL WATER POLICY
A NATIONAL WATER POLICY HAS RECENTLY BEEN PREPARED AND IS BEING PROCESSED FOR APPROVAL OF THE GOVERNMENT. OBJECTIVES OF THE POLICY ARE:
• ACCESS TO POTABLE WATER SUPPLY FOR ALL
• ADEQUATE QUANTITY OF WATER FOR FINANCIALLY SUSTAINABLE IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE TO MEET FOOD AND FIBRE REQUIREMENTS
• WATER FOR INDUSTRY TO SUPPORT HIGH ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
• BALANCED AND EQUITABLE USE OF WATER TO MEET THE NEEDS OF ALL USERS
• IMPROVED ENVIRONMENT THROUGH BETTER WATER QUALITY
• REDUCTION IN DRAINAGE EFFLUENT AS FAR AS POSSIBLE AND ITS SAFE DISPOSAL TO SEA
18
WATER RESOURCES STRATEGY
A NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES STRATEGY HAS BEEN PREPARED
WHICH IS CURRENTLY UNDER APPROVAL OF THE GOVERNMENT.
ELEMENTS OF STRATEGY ARE:
• TO PROVIDE UPDATED COMPREHENSIVE WATER SECTOR STRATEGY
UPTO YEAR 2025 FOR GUIDANCE ON INVESTMENT PLANNING AND
MANAGEMENT OF WATER SECTOR. ALSO EVOLVE MEDIUM TERM
INVESTMENT PLAN UPTO YEAR 2011
• TO DEVELOP SPECIFIC INVESTMENT PROPOSALS RESPONSIVE TO THE
NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
19
WATER RESOURCES SECTOR STRATEGY - COST
TOTAL FLOOD PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTHYDROPOWERIRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE
INDUSTRIAL WATER SUPPLY AND POLLUTION CONTROL
RURAL WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION
URBAN WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION
WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT
SUB-SECTOR
33,622418113
4,50011,099
253
2,173
5,06610,000
COST ($ US MILLION)
20
INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS
MASSIVE INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS IN THE WATER SECTOR ARE BEING UNDERTAKEN TO ENSURE GOOD GOVERNANCE, EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY OF THE EXISTING IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE INFRASTRUCTURE. TO MEET THIS OBJECTIVE, FOLLOWING MEGA PROJECTS ARE UNDER EXECUTION.
• NATIONAL DRAINAGE PROGRAMME
• RIGHT BANK OUTFALL DRAIN
• IRRIGATION SYSTEMS REHABLITATION AND LINING OF IRRIGATION CHANNELS IN PROVINCES
• MODERNIZATION OF BARRAGES
INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS UNDER NATIONAL DRAINAGE PROGRAMME
OBJECTIVES: (1) GOOD GOVERNANCE(2) DEVOLUTION OF POWERS TO GROSS ROOT
LEVEL(3) INCREASE OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY OF
PROVINCIAL IRRIGATION DEPARTMENTS(4) ENSURE FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY
REFORMS: (1) TRANSFORMATION OF PIDs INTO AUTONOMOUS PIDAs
(2) FORMATION OF FINANCIALLY SELF-ACCOUNTING AREA WATER BOARDS (AWBS)
(3) ESTABILISHMENT OF SELF-SUSTAINING FARMERS ORGANIZATION (FOS) FOR OPERATION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM
BENEFITS: PIDAS SHALL BECOME SELF-FINANCING WITHIN A PERIOD OF 7-10 YEARS AND SHALL NOT REQUIRE GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES TO FINANCE THEIR O&M IN FUTURE