Download - Osteoporosis
![Page 2: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is Osteoporosis?
• Osteoporosis means porous bones
• The bones become weak and brittle
• Mild stresses can cause fracture e.g. bending over, coughing
![Page 3: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
• The (bone mineral density (BMD) is reduced
• Osteoporosis is more common among women than men
![Page 4: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Signs and Symptoms
• In early stages of bone loss , there is no pain or symptoms
• Once the bones have been weakened then the signs and symptoms include :
![Page 5: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• Back pain
• Loss of height over time, because of stooped posture
![Page 6: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Fracture of the bones like vertebrae, wrists , hips or other bones
![Page 7: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Causes
• The strength of the bone depends on their size and density
• Bone density depends in part on the amount of calcium , phosphorus, and other minerals
![Page 8: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• When the bones contain fewer minerals than normal they are less strong
• Bone is continuously changing-new bone is made and old bone is broken down - a process called remodeling, or bone turnover
![Page 9: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
• Full cycle of bone remodeling takes about two to three months
• When you are young, body makes new bones faster , then it breaks down old bone and your bone mass increases
![Page 10: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Bone remodeling slows down as we get older, especially at menopause
• At menopause , the estrogen level drops and the bone loss increases dramatically
![Page 11: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The factors that keep bone healthy
• Regular exercise• Adequate amounts of
calcium• Adequate amount of
vitamin D, which is essential for absorbing calcium
![Page 12: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Risk factors
• Your sex – fractures from osteoporosis are about as twice as common in women then in men
Women start with lower bone mass
Sudden drop in estrogen at menopause
![Page 13: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• Age – The older you get, the higher risk of osteoporosis
Your bones become weaker as you grow old
• Race – Occurs in all ethnic groups Asian or European
![Page 14: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• Family history-heredity
• Frame size – exceptionally thin or small body frames
They have less bone mass to draw from as they age
![Page 15: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• Tobacco use -Smoking also results in
increased breakdown of estrogen , lower body weight and earlier menopause, all of which contribute to lower bone mineral density
![Page 16: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
• Alcoholism
![Page 17: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
• Lifetime exposure to estrogen – greater the exposer lower the risk.
For example early menstruation and late menopause
If abnormal periods or ovaries surgically removed before age 45 with receiving hormone therapy , the risk is more
![Page 18: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
• Eating disorders
![Page 19: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
• Corticosteroids medications
The medicines given for asthma, rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis is damaging to bone
The doctor should monitor bone density and give drugs to prevent bone loss
![Page 20: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
• Thyroid Hormone - If the thyroid is overactive or under active
Abnormal functioning
• Some diuretics – some drugs cause kidney to excrete more calcium.
Result in thinning of bone
![Page 21: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Low calcium intake
![Page 22: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Excess soda consumption - many of which contain phosphoric acid. suggest soft drinks may displace calcium
• Depression
![Page 23: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
When to seek Medical Advice?
• Early detection is important
![Page 24: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Prevention
• Getting adequate calcium• Getting adequate vitamin
D• Exercise• Add soy to your diet• Don’t smoke• Consider Hormone
therapy• Limit caffeine
![Page 25: Osteoporosis](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070422/5681650c550346895dd7825a/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Thank you
• Prepared by:Dr. Anita TamrakarReference:www.learningpoint.yolasite.
com