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Nuclear Power Profile of China
Xu Xiaozhao
Research Institute of Nuclear Power Operation (RINPO)
May 2015, Vienna
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With a land area of 9 561 000 square kilometers, China is rich in coal and
water resources, which are unevenly distributed throughout the country. Coal
deposits are predominant in the north and north-western regions, while water
resources are mainly in the south-western region. In contrast, Southeast
China is densely populated and has extensively developed industry and
agriculture, but is deficient in coal and hydro resources. Environmental
pollution from burning coal has become increasingly severe.
Country Overview
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Annual Average Growth Rate (%)
1970 1980 1990 2000 2005 2012 2015 2000-2015
Population (millions) 829.9 987.1 1143.3 1295.3 1307.6 1354.0 1374.6 0.40
Population Density (inhabitants/km2)
86.8 103.2 119.5 135. 5 136.8 141.6 143.8
0.40
Urban Population as % of total
17.3 19.3 26.4 36.1 43.0 52.6 56.1
2.98
Area (1000 km2) 9561
Population
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Contents
Overview of China Nuclear Power Plants Ⅰ
Operating Nuclear Power Units Ⅱ
Nuclear Power Projects under construction Ⅲ
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7 nuclear power bases have been established
— Qinshan in Zhejiang Province(9 units in operation)
— Daya Bay in Guangdong Province(6 units in operation)
— Tianwan in Jiangsu Province(2 units in operation & 3 units under construction)
— Fuqing in Fujian Province(2 units in operation & 4 units under construction)
— Ningde in Fujian Province(3 units in operation & 1 units under construction)
— Hongyanhe in Liaoning Province (3 units in operation & 3 units under construction)
— Yangjiang in Guangdong Province(2 units in operation & 4 units under construction)
28 nuclear operating units in the mainland of China.
26 units under construction
Overview
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Overview
Statistical Distribution for Ratio of
National Electricity Generation in 2015 Statistical Distribution for Ratio of National
Installed Generating Capacity in 2015
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Highlights in 2015
① In 2015, the nuclear power of China entered the important historical
opportunity period of "Step-out" after the development for 30 years by
technology introduction, learning and acquisition, localization and
independent research and development. Karachi NPP Unit 2 of Pakistan,
Bradwell Project B of United Kingdom and Atucha NPP Unit 4 of
Argentina used the technology of Hualong Pressurized Reactor
(HPR1000).
② On January 14, 2015, NEA, NNSA and State Administration of Science,
Technology and Industry for National Defense, jointly published the
Nuclear Safety Culture Policy Statement, which was a major initiative of
whole-industry nuclear safety culture cultivation and development jointly
promoted by the three departments.
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Highlights in 2015
③ In 2015, Unit 5 and 6 of Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant (NPP), Unit 5
and 6 of Fuqing NPP, Unit 3 of Fangchenggang Hongsha NPP and Unit 5
of Tianwan NPP were successively examined and approved and the
construction of these units was commenced.
④ In 2015, Unit 2 of Fangjiashan NPP, Unit 2 of Yangjiang NPP, Unit 3 of
Ningde NPP, Unit 3 of Hongyanhe NPP, Unit 2 of Fuqing NPP and Unit 1
of Changjiang NPP were put into commercial operation successively.
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List of Operating NPPs in China
Name of Nuclear Power Plant Unit number Reactor type Nominal
power MW(e)
Starting date First date of
connection to
the grid
Commercial
operation date
Qinshan NPP CN-01 PWR 310 1985-03-20 1991-12-15 1994-04-01
Daya bay NPP Unit 1
Unit 2
CN-02
CN-03 PWR 2×984
1987-08-07
1988-04-07
1993-08-31
1994-02-07
1994-02-01
1994-05-06
Qinshan Phase II NPP
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
CN-04
CN-05
CN-14
CN-15
PWR 4×650
1996-06-02
1997-04-01
2006-04-28
2007-01-28
2002-02-06
2004-03-11
2010-08-01
2011-11-25
2002-04-15
2004-05-03
2010-10-05
2011-12-30
LingAo NPP
Unit 1
Unit 2
CN-06
CN-07 PWR 2×990
1997-05-15
1997-11-28
2002-02-26
2002-09-14
2002-05-28
2003-01-08
Unit 3
Unit 4
CN-12
CN-13 PWR 2×1080
2005-12-15
2006-06-15
2010-07-15
2011-05-03
2010-09-15
2011-08-07
Third Qinshan NPP Unit 1
Unit 2
CN-08
CN-09 PHWR 2×700
1998-06-08
1998-09-25
2002-11-19
2003-06-12
2002-12-31
2003-07-24
Tianwan NPP Unit 1
Unit 2
CN-10
CN-11 PWR 2×1060
1999-10-20
2000-09-20
2006-05-12
2007-05-14
2007-05-17
2007-08-16
Hongyanhe NPP
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
CN-16
CN-17
CN-26 PWR 3×1080
2007-08-18
2008-03-28
2009-03-07
2013-02-17
2013-12-23
2015-03-23
2013-06-06
2014-05-13
2015-08-16
Ningde NPP
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
CN-18
CN-19
CN-34 PWR 3×1080
2008-02-18
2008-11-12
2010-01-08
2012-12-28
2014-01-04
2015-03-21
2013-04-15
2014-05-04
2015-06-10
Fuqing NPP Unit 1
Unit 2
CN-20
CN-21 PWR 2×1080
2008-11-21
2009-06-17
2014-08-20
2015-08-05
2014-11-22
2015-10-16
Yangjiang NPP Unit 1
Unit 2
CN-22
CN-23 PWR 2×1080
2008-12-16
2009-06-04
2013-12-31
2015-03-10
2014-03-25
2015-06-05
Fangjiashan NPP Unit 1
Unit 2
CN-24
CN-25 PWR 2×1080
2008-12-26
2009-07-17
2014-11-04
2015-01-12
2014-12-15
2015-02-12
Hainan Changjiang NPP Unit 1 CN-36 PWR 650 2010-04-25 2015-11-07 2015-12-25
28 Units 26148
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UCF
Item
NPP
UCF(%)
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Qinshan NPP 88.04 99.94 81.61 92.69 90.92
Daya bay NPP Unit 1 99.98 83.94 86.83 99.66 78.83
Unit 2 86.56 99.97 85.93 75.58 98.65
Qinshan Phase II NPP
Unit 1 73.71 85.24 85.79 83.53 88.93
Unit 2 90.95 79.68 88.74 85.01 90.84
Unit 3 81.60 90.10 93.50 92.00 85.60
Unit 4 / 95.81 84.28 89.77 90.65
LingAo NPP
Unit 1 91.39 93.59 82.94 90.44 86.80
Unit 2 94.05 91.25 88.58 94.55 93.64
Unit 3 72.06 88.45 90.11 89.42 90.10
Unit 4 99.58 80.60 88.95 90.31 90.29
Third Qinshan NPP Unit 1 92.53 96.26 89.91 96.16 83.17
Unit 2 91.02 90.64 99.86 90.14 97.47
Tianwan NPP Unit 1 86.55 86.78 90.70 89.83 91.07
Unit 2 87.05 87.78 89.14 91.11 88.22
Hongyanhe NPP
Unit 1 / / 99.90 70.04 87.75
Unit 2 / / / 75.69 65.53
Unit 3 / / / / 100.00
Ningde NPP
Unit 1 / / 99.95 57.31 88.22
Unit 2 / / / 99.83 80.73
Unit 3 / / / / 94.37
Fuqing NPP Unit 1 / / / / 74.09
Unit 2 / / / / 99.06
Yangjiang NPP Unit 1 / / / 99.93 79.45
Unit 2 / / / / 99.64
Fangjiashan NPP Unit 1 / / / / 83.68
Unit 2 / / / / 93.10
Hainan Changjiang NPP Unit 1 / / / / 100.00
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Unplanned automatic scrams
In 2015, no unplanned automatic scrams occurred in 22 units among 28 commercial operating units.
Year
NPP/Unit No. 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Qinshan NPP 1 0 1 0 0
Daya bay NPP Unit 1 0 0 0 1 0
Unit 2 0 0 0 0 0
Qinshan Phase II NPP
Unit 1 1 0 0 0 1
Unit 2 0 0 1 1 1
Unit 3 0 2 1 0 0
Unit 4 0 0 0 0 0
LingAo NPP
Unit 1 0 0 0 0 0
Unit 2 0 0 0 1 0
Unit 3 0 0 0 0 0
Unit 4 0 0 0 0 0
Third Qinshan NPP Unit 1 0 0 0 0 0
Unit 2 1 0 0 0 0
Tianwan NPP Unit 1 0 0 0 0 0
Unit 2 0 0 0 0 1
Hongyanhe NPP
Unit 1 / / 0 1 0
Unit 2 / / / 1 0
Unit 3 / / / / 0
Ningde NPP
Unit 1 / / 0 0 0
Unit 2 / / / 0 0
Unit 3 / / / / 2
Fuqing NPP Unit 1 / / / 0 2
Unit 2 / / / / 1
Yangjiang NPP Unit 1 / / / 0 0
Unit 2 / / / / 0
Fangjiashan NPP Unit 1 / / / 0 0
Unit 2 / / / / 0
Hainan Changjiang NPP Unit 1 / / / / 0
Total 3 2 3 5 8
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Number of events(PC.)
Summary of Licensed Operating Events of the Commercial NPPs from 2011 to 2014
Licensed Operating Events
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List of NPPs in China (under construction with CP issued by NNSA)
Name of Nuclear Power Plant Unit
number Reactor type
Nominal
power MW(e)
Starting date First date of
connection to
the grid
Commercial
operation date
Hongyanhe NPP
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
CN-27
CN-49
CN-50 PWR 3×1080
2009-08-15
2015-03-29
2015-07-24
Ningde NPP Unit 4 CN-35 PWR 1080 2010-09-29
Fuqing NPP
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
CN-42
CN-43
CN-51
CN-52
PWR
2×1080
2×1150
2010-12-31
2012-11-17
2015-05-07
2015-12-22
Yangjiang NPP
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
CN-40
CN-41
CN-47
CN-48
PWR 4×1080
2010-11-15
2012-11-17
2013-09-18
2013-12-23
2015-10-18
2016-01-01
Sanmen NPP Unit 1
Unit 2
CN-28
CN-29 PWR 2×1250 2009-04-19
2009-12-15
Haiyang NPP Unit 1
Unit 2 CN-30 CN-31 PWR 2×1250
2009-09-24
2010-06-20
Taishan NPP Unit 1
Unit 2 CN-32 CN-33 PWR 2×1750
2009-11-18
2010-04-15
Hainan Changjiang NPP Unit 2 CN-37 PWR 650 2010-11-21
Fangchenggang Hongsha
NPP
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
CN-38 CN-39
CN-55 PWR
2×1080
1180
2010-07-30
2010-12-23
2015-12-24
2015-10-25
2016-01-01
Shidao Bay NPP
Demonstration project
for high temperature gas-
cooled reaction NPP
CN-44 HTGR 210 2012-12-09
Tianwan NPP
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
CN-45
CN-46
CN-53 PWR
2×1120
1118
2012-12-27
2013-09-27
2015-12-27
26 Units 29158
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Unit 3 ~6 of Hongyanhe NPP
Unit 3 of Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant completed the performance test
and was put into commercial operation;
Civil construction and installation and 78% commissioning on Unit 4 were
completed. Nuclear island and conventional island construction on Unit 5
and 6 was started; engineering design and equipment procurement &
manufacturing were normal; the whole project was constructed smoothly.
Bird View of Unit 1~4 Bird View of Unit 5&6
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Unit 3&4 of Ningde NPP
Unit 3 of Ningde Nuclear Power Plant was put into commercial operation;
Cold and hot functional tests on unit 4 were completed and initial fuel
loading was conducted. First level of milestones of the project had been
fulfilled well. Till the end of 2015, 98.18% of general construction of Unit 4
had been completed.
Panorama of Ningde NPP Unit 4 Initial Fuel Loading of Ningde NPP
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Unit 2-6 of Fuqing NPP
Unit 2 of Fuqing Nuclear Power Plant was put into commercial operation.
Unit 3 was in fuel loading preparation phase.
Unit 4 was in installation pea.
Unit 5 was the key project of Hualong Pressurized Reactor (HRR1000).
Construction on Unit 6 was started and Pouring of layer A of nuclear island
raft foundation was completed.
Unit 1 and 2 of Fuqing NPP Commencement of Unit 5 of Fuqing NPP
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Unit 2-6 of Yangjiang NPP
Unit 2 of Yangjiang Nuclear Power Plant was put into commercial operation;
Initial grid connection of Unit 3 was completed;
Welding of main pipes of Unit 4 was started;
Dome hoisting of Unit 5 was completed;
Nuclear island construction on Unit 6 was completed basically.
Panorama of Yangjiang NPP Unit 2 Initial Fuel Loading of Yangjiang NPP
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Unit 1 and 2 of Sanmen NPP
Design of Unit 1 of Sanmen Nuclear Power Plant was determined and the
total system turn-over quantity achieved 91%. 76% system commissioning
turned-over was completed. Containment leak rate test was completed. Four
main pumps were delivered and the first two main pumps were arrived.
Unit 2 construction was in final stage.
Panorama of Sanmen NPP AP1000 Main Pump of Unit 1 of Sanmen
NPP was Delivered to Site
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Unit 1 and 2 of Haiyang NPP
Unit 1 nuclear island civil construction of Haiyang Nuclear Power Plant.
Conventional island civil construction and installation was basically
completed and all packages were transferred; the steam turbine had the
steam admission and impulse starting conditions.
Unit 2 nuclear island civil construction was completed by 90% and the home
and CB20 module were hoisted in place.
Outdoor Scene of Unit 1 Nuclear
Island of Haiyang NPP Outdoor Scene of Unit 2 Nuclear
Island of Haiyang NPP
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Unit 1 and 2 of Taishan NPP
Prefabrication and installation of Unit 1 nuclear island were completed by
96% and joint commissioning was started. Unit 1 conventional island and
BOP system turn-over were nearly completed and in commissioning peak.
Prefabrication and installation of Unit 2 nuclear island were completed by
57% and in installation peak. System turn-over peak of Unit 2 conventional
island was started.
Panorama of Taishan NPP Internal Structure Construction in Conventional
Island on Unit 1 of Taishan NPP
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Unit 1- 3 of Fangchenggang Hongsha NPP
The project plan of Fangchenggang Hongsha Nuclear Power Project were
constructed orderly. Unit 1 fuel loading and grid connection were completed
smoothly.
The cold and hot functional tests on Unit 2 was successfully completed. The
safety quality during project construction was controlled and the target of "no
quality accident and no safety accident" was achieved.
Panorama of Fangchenggang Hongsha NPP Unit 1 Initial Fuel Loading of Fangchenggang
Hongsha NPP
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HTGR NPP demonstration of Shidao Bay NPP
The cover module hoisting was completed in October for the reactor building
and spent fuel of HTGR NPP demonstration; the safety inspection before
bulk equipment hoisting organized by National Nuclear Safety Administration
(NNSA) was passed in December and the bulk equipment hoisting
conditions were met. The steam turbine buildings were capped in October.
Equipment installation was started fully and the equipment introduction of
rooms turned-over was completed.
Construction Field on HTGR NPP
Demonstration of Shidao Bay NPP
Hoisting of the First Roof Truss Module of
Reactor Building
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Unit 3 and 5 of Tianwan NPP
Circular crane of reactor building of Unit 3 of Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant
was available; No.2 steam generator was hoisted in place; main pipe
welding was started; main crane of steam turbine building was available and
installation of steam turbine was started.
Internal structure of Unit 4 reactor building and +22.5m floor pouring, +34m
floor pouring were accomplished; home was hoisted wholly; circular crane
was available; steam turbine building operation floor platform concrete
pouring was accomplished; civil structures under +42m were under
construction and is changed to installation phase currently.
Panorama of Tianwan NPP Commencement of Unit 5 of Tianwan NPP