![Page 1: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
محمد توکليسمينار سوم درس فيزيولوژي مغز و شناخت – دکتر
غريب زاده 1386زمستان
![Page 2: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Camillo Golgi (Italy) and Santiago Ramón y Cajal (Spain)
“in recognition of their work on the structure of the nervous system”
C. Golgi S. R. Cajal
![Page 4: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Albrecht Kossel (Germany)
“in recognition of the contributions to our knowledge of cell chemistry made through his work on proteins,
including the nucleic substances”
A. Kossel
![Page 5: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Willem Einthoven (Netherlands)
“for the discovery of the mechanism of the electrocardiogram”
W. Einthoven
![Page 6: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Christiaan Eijkman (Netherlands)
“for his discovery of the antineuritic vitamin”
C. Eijkman
![Page 7: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Sir Charles Scott Sherrington (UK) & Edgar Douglas Adrian (UK)
“for their discoveries regarding the functions of neurons”
C. S. Sherrington
E. D. Adrian
![Page 8: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Sir Henry Hallett Dale (UK) & Otto Loewi (Germany, Austria, US)
“for their discoveries relating to chemical transmission of nerve impulses”
H. H. Dale O. Loewi
![Page 9: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Joseph Erlanger (US) & Herbert Spencer Gasser (US)
“in recognition of their work on the structure of the nervous system”
J. Erlanger H. S. Gasser
![Page 10: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Bernardo Alberto Houssay (Argentina)
“for his discovery of the part played by the hormone of the anterior pituitary lobe in the metabolism of sugar”
B. A. Houssay
![Page 11: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Carl Ferdinand Cori (Czechoslovakia, US) & Gerty Theresa Cori (Czechoslovakia, US)
“for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen”
C. F. Cori G. T. Cori
![Page 12: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Walter Rudolf Hess (Switzerland)
“for his discovery of the functional organization of the interbrain as a coordinator of the activities of the internal
organs”
W. R. Hess
![Page 13: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Antonio Caetano De Abreu Freire Egas Moniz (Portugal)
“for his discovery of the therapeutic value of leucotomy in certain psychoses”
A. C. Moniz
![Page 14: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
John Franklin Enders (US), Thomas Huckle Weller (US), and Frederick Chapman Robbins (US)
“for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue”
J. F. Enders T. H. Weller F. C. Robbins
![Page 15: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Sir John Carew Eccles (Australia), Alan Lloyd Hodgkin (UK) , Andrew Fielding Huxley (UK)
“for their discoveries concerning the ionic mechanisms involved in excitation and inhibition in the peripheral and
central portions of the nerve cell membrane”
J. C. Eccles A. L. Hodgkin
A. F. Huxley
![Page 16: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
George Wald (US), Ragnar Granit (Finland, Sweden), and Haldan Keffer Hartline (US)
“for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the eye.”
G. Wald R. Granit H. K. Hartline
![Page 17: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Sir Bernard Katz (West Germany, UK), Ulf von Euler (Sweden), Julius Axelrod (United States)
“for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmittors in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their
storage, release and inactivation”
B. Katz U. von Euler H. J. Axelrod
![Page 18: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Karl von Frisch (Austria), Konrad Lorenz (Austria), Nikolaas Tinbergen (Netherlands)
“for their discoveries concerning organization and elicitation of individual and social behaviour patterns”
K. von Frisch K. Lorenz N. Tinbergen
![Page 19: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Roger Guillemin (France, US), Andrew Viktor Schally (US)
“for their discoveries concerning the peptide hormone production of the brain”
R. Guillemin A. V. Schally
![Page 20: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Rosalyn Yalow (US)
“for the development of radioimmunoassay of peptide hormones”
R. Yalow
![Page 21: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Allan M. Cormack (South Africa, US), Godfrey N. Hounsfield (UK)
“for the development of computer assisted tomography”
A. M. Cormack
G. N. Hounsfield
![Page 22: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Roger W. Sperry (US)
“for his discoveries concerning the functional specialization of the cerebral hemispheres”
R. W. Sperry
![Page 23: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
David H. Hubel (US), Torsten N. Wiesel (Sweden)
“for their discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system”
D. H. Hubel T. N. Wiesel
![Page 24: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Erwin Neher (Germany), Bert Sakmann (Germany)
“for their discoveries concerning the function of single ion channels in cells”
E. Neher B. Sakmann
![Page 25: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Alfred G. Gilman (US), Martin Rodbell (US)
“for their discovery of G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells”
A. G. Gilman M. Rodbell
![Page 26: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Günter Blobel (Germany, US)
“for the discovery that proteins have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and localization in the cell”
G. Blobel
![Page 27: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Arvid Carlsson (Sweden), Paul Greengard (US), Eric R. Kandel (US)
“for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system”
A. Carlsson P. Greengard
E. R. Kandel
![Page 28: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Paul Lauterbur (US), Sir Peter Mansfield (UK)
“for their discoveries concerning magnetic resonance imaging”
P. Lauterbur P. Mansfield
![Page 29: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Richard Axel (US), Linda B. Buck (US)
“for their discoveries of odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system”
R. Axel L. B. Buck
![Page 30: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Nobel Prizes in Medicine or Physiology Related to Neuroscience](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062802/568144af550346895db17847/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)