![Page 1: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8
earthquake
Teraphan Ornthammarath, PhD,
Technical Advisor
Regional Integrated Multi Hazard Early Warning Systems (RIMES)
![Page 2: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Presentation Content:
• Introduction about ShakeCast@RIMES
• Sustainability
• Observed Seismic Risk
• Microzonation?
• Building Code
![Page 3: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
ShakeCast@RIMES
Operated @ RIMES since 2012
Evaluated more than 1,000 events
Largest evaluated event in RIMES
Member states was magnitude
7.8 in Nepal
An automated post-earthquake
response system firstly developed
by USGS
![Page 4: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
ShakeCast & Critical Infrastructure
ShakeCast at CaltransShakeCast at Caltrans
![Page 5: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake
Generated within 30 minutes
Preliminary solution indicating
no severe damage to Mandalay
Other two cities near epicenters
could be prioritized for rescue efforts
What we know from ShakeCast@RIMES
What we do not know from current
ShakeCast@DMH Nay Pyi Taw
How many and how extensive
of damaged buildings?
Local emergency commands are safe?
Any damaged infrastructures (road,
gas pipeline, bridges, dams)?
![Page 6: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake
Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data from MES
� More than 3,370 buildings from 3 cities (Bago, Sagaing, and Taungoo) based on survey
data by MES.
� These buildings are classified according to structural and occupancy types.
� There are different structural types in these three cities such as Bamboo, Wooden, and
Reinforced Concrete (RC) buildings.
� There are different occupancy types in these three cities such as Resident, Commercial,
Education, Government buildings.
� The damage state information of these buildings could be useful for relevant stakeholders
after damaging earthquakes.
![Page 7: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Sustainability by working with local partners
Timber-Framed Masonry building
Timber building
Reinforced Concrete (RC) building
Unreinforced Masonry (URM) building
Different structural types
![Page 8: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Sustainability by working with local partners
Residential building
Temple
Commercial building
Government building
Different occupancy types
![Page 9: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Different states of building condition in Sagaing
44%
23%
33%
CONDITION
Average
Good
Poor
29%
50%
21%
YEAR OF BUILT
<10
10_30
30+
67%
33%
SOFT STOREY
No
Yes75%
12%
3%
3%6% 1%
OCCUPANCY TYPE
RES
COM
GOV
EDU
REL
IND
50 % of
buildings are
10 to 30 years
old
44 % of buildings
are in poor
conditions
33 % of buildings
are prone to soft
story collapse
during earthquake
75 % of
buildings are
residential
buildings
![Page 10: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake
Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data from MES
No expected damage in Mandalay and Sagaing
In Sagaing, all buildings are labeled as green color (no or slight damage)
![Page 11: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
25 April 2015, magnitude 7.8 Gorkha earthquake
Generated within 30 minutes
Preliminary solution indicating
severe damage to epicentral region
Many cities within rupture zone (including
Katmandu should be prioritized for
rescue efforts
What we know from ShakeCast@RIMES
What we do not know from current
ShakeCast@RIMES
How many and how extensive
of damaged buildings?
Local emergency commands are safe?
Any damaged infrastructures (road,
gas pipeline, bridges, dams)?
30 Minutes2 days
![Page 12: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12 May 2015, magnitude 7.3 aftershock earthquake
Generated within 30 minutes
Preliminary solution indicating
severe damage to epicentral region
(this time to the east of Katmandu)
Different search and rescue should
be provided to eastern part not same
as previous case.
Katmandu could have some damage also
What we know from ShakeCast@RIMES
![Page 13: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Presentation Content:
• Introduction about ShakeCast@RIMES
• Sustainability
• Observed Seismic Risk
• Microzonation?
• Building Code
![Page 14: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Sustainability
• Local partners need to maintain and update the input information for
ShakeCast at their own facility
• Data input should be updated and inputted to ShakeCast at local partner
facility (e.g. Government facilities, hospital, school) before earthquake
happen
• Training of ShakeCast system at RIMES or local partner facility how to
maintain and update the system.
• Local rescue authorities need to be able to access this information
![Page 15: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Presentation Content:
• Introduction about ShakeCast@RIMES
• Sustainability
• Observed Seismic Risk
• Microzonation?
• Building Code
![Page 16: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Dr. Pennung Warnitchai Asian Institute of Technology
Dr. Punchet Thammarak Asian Institute of Technology
Dr. Nakhorn Poovarodom Thammasart University
Dr. Sutat Leelataviwat King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi
Dr. Chatpan Chintanapakdee Chulalongkorn University
Dr. Teraphan Ornthammarath Mahidol University / RIMES
Dr. Soravit Vitoontus Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
Mr. Andrew Robinson Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
Nepal Earthquake Damage Reconaisance: 13-17 July 2015
Wind and Earthquake Engineering subcommittee, Engineering Institute of
Thailand
![Page 17: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Nepal Earthquake Damage Reconaisance: 13-17 July 2015
Wind and Earthquake Engineering subcommittee, Engineering Institute of
Thailand
![Page 18: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Nepal Earthquake Damage Reconaisance: 13-17 July 2015
Wind and Earthquake Engineering subcommittee, Engineering Institute of
Thailand
![Page 19: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Katmandu• Damage is
localized
• Infrastructure,
normal life, trade,
school could be
able to resume
after few months
after earthquake
• Observation of
retrofitting
damaged
structures
![Page 20: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Observed Damage• Damaged
structures are
mostly
concentrated in
non-engineered
structure, e.g.
stone and
masonry
structures
• These non-
engineered
structures are
prone to
earthquake
damage.
![Page 21: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
• Damaged masonry
structures
Observed Damage
![Page 22: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Observed Damage• Modern structures
using Reinforced
Concrete (RC) is
more earthquake
resistant.
• Damaged RC
structures could
also be found for
those with bad
construction
control, bad
detailing.
• However, RC
structures are less
damage compared
to stone and
masonry buildings.
![Page 23: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Presentation Content:
• Introduction about ShakeCast@RIMES
• Sustainability
• Observed Seismic Risk
• Microzonation?
• Building Code
![Page 24: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
6
6. Sitapaila
Observed damaged is localizedObserved damaged is localizedObserved damaged is localizedObserved damaged is localized
Goda et al. (2015)
![Page 25: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
200
-200
200
-200
150
-150
24 March 2011 Mw
6.8 Myanmar
� Much less than firstly predicted around 3 times
Ground MotionGround MotionGround MotionGround Motion
Ornthammarath (2013)
![Page 26: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
24 March 2011 Mw
6.8 Myanmar
24 March 2011 Mw
6.8
Myanmar
� Energy released mostly damage to tall buildings
24 March 2011 Mw
6.8 Myanmar
Ground MotionGround MotionGround MotionGround Motion
![Page 27: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
0.1 0.2 0.4 0.7 1.0 2.0 4.0 10.0 T (sec)
Ground MotionGround MotionGround MotionGround Motion
� Energy released mostly damage to tall buildings
![Page 28: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Presentation Content:
• Introduction about ShakeCast@RIMES
• Sustainability
• Observed Seismic Risk
• Microzonation?
• Building Code
![Page 29: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Building Code
• Nepal National
Building Code
for Seismic
Resistant
initiated due to
earthquake in
1988
• Working group
drafting it from
1991-1993
![Page 30: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Building Code
• There are
separated in to
several steps
• State-of-the-art
Design
• Professionally
Engineered
Structure
• Small structures
less than 3
stories need to
follow Rules of
![Page 31: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Building Code
(DUDBC, NEPAL)
![Page 32: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Example “Rule of Thumb”
(DUDBC, NEPAL)
![Page 33: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Example“Guideline”
(DUDBC, NEPAL)
![Page 34: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Example“Guideline”
![Page 35: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Cause of Damage• For RC structures
• Buildings have
been built not
according to
building plan.
• Poor building
material.
• Irregular
structures, bad
reinforced
detailing, site
effect, slope
failure.
![Page 36: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Cause of DamageBuildings have
not been
built according to
building plan
![Page 37: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Cause of DamageMasonry used
inside concrete
column
![Page 38: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Bad Detailing of
reinforcing bars
Cause of Damage
![Page 39: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Damaged to small buildingsSmall buildings
need to be
controlled
according to
guideline.
![Page 40: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Damaged to small buildingsSmall buildings
need to be
controlled
according to
guideline.
![Page 41: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Damaged to small buildings
Small buildings
contribute to the
largest total loss
![Page 42: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Earthquake Safety DayShould be implemented
regularly
(THAPA, K, DUDBC, NEPAL)
![Page 43: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Shelter and Rescued area
• Any plan for urban
area?
• Shelter and rescued
area for each sub
district
![Page 44: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Retrofiting
Need to be done by
professional engineers
![Page 45: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Temporary shelters
Temporary shelters tend
to be permanent shelter
and this could increase
causalities
![Page 46: New Capacity Development Lesson Learn from Mw 7.8 earthquake · 2015. 11. 3. · 11 November 2012, magnitude 6.8 Shwebo earthquake Estimated damage by ShakeCast with building data](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060604/6058234c64589e7b0d0ae282/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Thank you for your attention
shakecast.rimes.int
Teraphan Ornthammarath, PhD,
Technical Advisor
Regional Integrated Multi Hazard Early Warning Systems (RIMES)