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Neutralization reaction
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A-Review
• What’s an acid? Example?
• What’s a base? Example?
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B- What is neutralization reaction?
B1- Neutralization reaction occurs when acid reacts with a base to form a salt
General formula:
Acid + Base Salt + Water
E.g. HCl + NaOH NaCl + HOH
Which type of reaction is it? - Double displacement
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C-More neutralization reaction examples
1. HCl + Ca(OH)2
2. HBr + KOH
3. HF + NaOH
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C-More neutralization reaction examples
1. HCl + Ca(OH)2 CaCl2 + H2O
2. HBr + KOH KBr + H2O
3. HF + NaOH NaF + H2O
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D-Applications of Neutralization reactions
D1. Antacids are base (e.g Mg(OH)2, Al(OH)3) that neutralize excessive stomach acid
Our stomach lining
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E-Salt production
E1- Commercially done by evaporation of sea water
E2- Chemically done as
HCl + NaOH NaCl + HOH
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F-Detergent and Soap
F1-What the texture of the base? F2. Slippery
F3. Because base reacts with the acid of your skin in a neutralization reaction to form soap
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G. What would in case of?
G1. neutralize H2SO4 with strong bases such as NaOH or Ca(OH)2
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H-Neutralization reaction in a swimming pool
H1. Hypochlorous acid (HClO) kills bacteria and algaeH2. NaOCl (bleach) is added to pool to produce HClO (H+, ClO-):
H3. OCl- + H+ HClOH4. How is bleach produced?Cl2 + 2NaOH + → NaOCl + NaCl + H2O
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H.Neutralization reaction in a swimming pool (Cont.)
H5. If the pool is too acidic, metal pipelines get corroded. What should be added to neutralize?
H6. Na2CO3 is added
H7. If the pool is too basic, CaCO3 will form. What should be added to neutralize?
H8. HCl is added
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I-Hazard with household chemicals
I1. Never mix NH3 and NaClO (bleach)
NH3 + NaClO NaONH3 + Cl2
I2. Cl2 is a very toxic gas, used as weapon during WWI & II
I3. Exposure can lead to death
READ THE LABEL CAREFULLY
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J- Acid rain & its sources
J1. CO2 + H2O H2CO3
occurs naturally
J2. Human contribution to acid rain:J3. Cars produces:NO2 + H2O HNO3 and
J4. Industry: S8 +O2 SO2
SO2 +O2 SO3
SO3 +H2O H2SO4
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Acid rain impacts?How to remedy acid rain?
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K. How to remedy acid rainK1. Liming: adding CaCO3 into pond to neutralize the acid from acid rain and mining run-offs
K2.Use scrubbers on smokestacks of industrial plants K3.cycling
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L. Bee sting
When bee stings, formic acid is releaseBases should be used to neutralize and reduce pain