Download - Need for Deen ( Mazhab ki Zaroorat ) INSAN KA MANSB-E- KHILAFAT (Status of Man as vicegerent)
Need for Deen (Mazhab ki Zaroorat)
INSAN KA MANSB-E- KHILAFAT(Status of Man as vicegerent)
By: Muhammad Ali Khan
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Difference b/w Deen and Mazhab
• Concept• Frame of Reference• Canvas• In religious connotation• Nature (Individual and Collective)
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Religion is
GodsGods• Allah• Shiva• Budhh• Zeus• Aherman• Yazdan
PracticesPractices (rituals)
• Prayers• Meditation• Fasting• Alms• Youga
ExperiencesExperiencesLove/EcstasyNothingnessHell/HeavenTranquility SanctifiedSacrifice
BeliefsBeliefsDeathLifeImmortalityAtonementFatePrayer
SpiritsSpirits : Demons, Ancestors, Ghosts
DEENLots of Ins and Outs and What-Have-Yours
Deen is neither a single phenomenon, nor a “thing”; rather, it is a divine and dynamic collection of institutions, practices, and beliefs and social order
Attempts at a Definition
Edward Tylor Edward Tylor “The belief in spiritual beings.”
Clifford Geertz Clifford Geertz “A religion is a system of symbols which acts to establish
powerful, pervasive, and long-lasting moods and motivations in men by formulating conceptions of a general order of existence and clothing these conceptions with such an aura of factuality that the moods and motivations seem uniquely realistic.”
Emile Durkheim Emile Durkheim “A religion is a unified system of beliefs and practices relative
to sacred things, that is to say, things set apart and forbidden—beliefs and practices which unite into one single moral community called a Church, all those who adhere to them.”
Attempts at a Definition
Melford Spiro Melford Spiro “Religion is an institution consisting of culturally patterned
interaction with culturally postulated superhuman beings.”Peter Berger Peter Berger
“Religion is the human attitude towards a sacred order that includes within it all being—human or otherwise—i.e., belief in a cosmos, the meaning of which both includes and transcends man.”
Max WeberMax WeberRefused to attempt a definition of religion. [Smart Man?]
Concept
Spirituality-EB Taylor ( Social)
Emotion Ethics Mathew Arnold
(Literature)Emotional Appeal to
accept Almighty Freud (Psychology)
Only Rituals ?Humanity
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Need of Religion/Deen
Pascal Boyer’s Religion Explained (2001)
Religion Provides ExplanationsPeople created religion to explain puzzling natural
phenomenaReligion explains puzzling experiences: dreams,
prescience, etcReligion explains the origins of thingsReligion explains why there is evil and suffering
Need of Religion/Deen
Religion provides Religion provides comfortcomfortReligious explanations make mortality less
unbearableReligion allays anxiety and makes for a
comfortable world
Need of Religion/Deen
Religion provides Religion provides social ordersocial orderReligion holds society togetherReligion perpetuates a particular social orderReligion supports morality
Need of Religion
All civilizations have its Religions
Great civilizations are not died, they attempt suicide
Any social system requires religion
Science and ReligionGood & Bad given by
ReligionGuidance to WisdomReligion as Change Agent for
Natural, Spiritual, social needs
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Cont…Universal peace v/s
materialistic development (survival of the fittest is questioned)
Life after death – possibility only in religion
Accountability here and in life after death
Religion for Social CorrectionReligion as Panacea
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Liberal Arguments for need of Deen /Religion
August ComteTheological (Religion)Metaphysical (Philosophy and Psychology)Positive Stage (Science)
Napoleon says “It has kept the poor murdering the rich”Supernatural hope in dooms hopes (Imam Jaffar RA)When humans are unknowing and confused they make theories in
order to solve things. theories are usually proven false and it takes generations to believe the proof
Heaven and utopia are buckets in a well if one goes up other goes down
Religion Rich in Miracle system and myths is needed
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Cont…
Religion is a Religion is a cognitive approachcognitive approachPeople are superstitious; they will believe
anythingReligious concepts are irrefutable and Refutation
is more difficult than belief
Epilogue
Even rationalism w/o religion will be blunderAs long as there is poverty these will be godsEvolution. Nature -law of natureFirst force. If events are due to natural cause
then what is super natural causeGod is a beautiful idealization of human
wishes
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A thought !Is religion possible without GOD ?Is religion a cause to recognize the GODWill religion end when human beings will reach at
Heaven or Hell
Hazrat Ali (RA) said
“Mein ny apny Khuda ko apny eradon k totny sy pahchana”
( I recognized my God , when my intentions doomed)
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