Download - NCDs Burden in Bangladesh
Prepared By:Dr. S.M. Jashim Uddin Razib
MPH(HSMP)NIPSOM
which is not infectious
with long duration
relatively slow in progress
which a person is unaware of the disease unless or otherwise examined
a silent killer of people
Cardiovascular diseases-(heart attacks and strokes)
Diabetes
Chronic respiratory diseases (COPD, Asthma)
Cancer
The number one cause of death in the
world. (more than 36 million people & 63% of global deaths)
Cardiovascular diseases- 48%
Cancer- 21%
Diabetes- 3%
Chronic respiratory diseases – 12%
Including 14 million people who die too young before the age of 70. More than 90% of these premature deaths from NCDs occur in low- and middle-income countries & could have largely been prevented....
Not caused by an acute infection
Have common risk factors
Cause long-term harm
Need a long-term (or even life-long) treatment
Cause both men and women equally
Sometimes, cause disability
Causes for NCDs (Risk Factors)
Unhealthy diet
Tobacco usage
Physical inactivity
Stress factors
Overweight (obesity)
Genetics
Harmful use of alcohol
Environmental factors
NCD TREE!!!!!!
o Have High blood pressure
o Have High cholesterol level
o Are obese (over weight)
o Are exposed to air pollution
o Have raised blood glucose level
o Are exposed to Environmental factors
o YOU ARE AT RISK !!!!!!!!!
Background risk factors- age, sex, level of education and genetic composition
-cannot be changed Behavioral risk factors- tobacco and
alcohol use, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity
-can be modified Intermediate risk factors- elevated
blood lipids, diabetes, high blood pressure and overweight/obesity
-can be controlled
Around three-quarters of heart diseases,
Stroke
Type 2 diabetes
40% of cancer
would be prevented
Healthy diet
Regular exercise
Change the environment
Modify the habits
Regular medical check-
ups
GLOBAL NCD TARGETS:
Launch of the Strategic Plan for Surveillance and Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases in Bangladesh, 2007-2010.
Bangladesh was the first nation to ratify the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) in 14 June 2004 and in March 2005 enacted Smoking and Tobacco Product Usage (Control) Act 2005.
Multiple specialty hospitals and foundations exist and some have outreach activities (i.e., Diabetes Associations of Bangladesh, National Heart Foundation)
BIRDEM academy established to provide adequate qualified manpower on diabetes and other endocrine related diseases.
Existence of a vaccination programme against Hepatitis B with adequate resources but it is not monitored and periodically evaluated.
Legislation that bans smoking in public places is enforced but there are no resources to monitor its compliance.
Existence of a national plan for prevention and control of diabetes, that should be monitored regularly monitored.
Needs more emphasis in policies (Health Policy, 5-year plan, Nutrition Strategy, etc.)
Priority setting within the Health Sector Program
Budget allocation
HR and logistics
A system for NCD surveillance addresses each of the major conditions through sentinel surveillance of representative target populations.
Availability of key essential drugs for NCD in primary care health centres.
Formulate policies for reducing salt intake, consumption of high content sugar beverages, trans-fats and marketing of unhealthy foods addressed to children.
The Strategic Plan for Surveillance and Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases in Bangladesh, (2007-2010) has expired. A new strategic action plan for non-communicable diseases should be developed with more explicit courses of action and key performance indicators.
In the new Health Nutrition and Population Sector Program (HNPSP), non-communicable diseases should remain a priority.
Low cost disease prevention, diagnosis and management, especially for diabetes and hypertension should be incorporated in the Upazilla Health Complexes and Community Clinics.
Non-communicable disease awareness should spread among all actors of the health system: government, development partners, civil society, and multi sectoral project partners.
In response to the growing burden of NCDs, theBangladesh government and non-governmentorganizations have taken several steps to implementappropriate programs, but there are still many areas wherethey could enhance or strengthen their efforts. Key amongthem is improved monitoring and evaluation of programsand the development of nationally representativesurveillance data about the prevalence of noncommunicable chronic diseases and associated riskfactors. Advances in these areas, potentially funded byinternational donors, will greatly facilitate the effectivetranslation of evidence into policy.With effectivemonitoring and evaluation of ongoing and plannedprograms, Bangladesh can serve as an example to othercountries faced with a similar disease profile.
The NCDs may not be able to cure completely
BUT
Can be CONTROLLED
AND
Are PREVENTABLE through effective interventions that tackle risk factors
Thank you