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2014/SOM3/EPWG/SDMOF/013 Session 1
Natural Disaster Risk and Loss Assessment in China
Submitted by: China
8th Senior Disaster Management Officials Forum Beijing, China
11-12 August 2014
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1
Yuan YiNational Disaster Reduction of ChinaAugust 11, 2014
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Emergency Response Law of the People's Republic of China (Implemented in Nov. 1, 2007)
Regulations of Nature Disaster Relief(Implemented in Sep. 1, 2010)
Aggravation of natural disaster risks
Complication and diversification of
disaster losses and impacts
Increasing demands of disaster relief and
reduction
Working Mechanism
Development
Technology Development
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“National natural disaster assessment system be set up and perfected, risk assessment, emergency response assessment, loss assessment, social influence assessment and performance assessment be continuously enhanced, system for comprehensive assessment of major and catastrophic natural disaster be perfected, and scientificness, standardization and normalization of disaster assessment be raised.”
The National Plan for Disaster Prevention and Reduction (2011—2015)
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The research and development of assessment technology system for major natural disaster situations and comprehensive risks is included as one of the major tasks.
Emphasis is laid on the development of qualitative assessment models for losses of major natural disasters, such as earthquakes and geological disasters, meteorological and oceanic disasters, etc., the speeding up of development of fast disaster assessment technology system integrating space technologies and models, and the development of system for comprehensive disaster risk analysis, simulation and policy-making support.
The 12th Five-year Special Plan for National Disaster Prevention and Reduction Science and Technology (2011—2015)
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Formulate the working mechanism of disaster assessment
The Instruction of Enhancing Natural Disaster Relief Assessment, introduced by Ministry of Civil Affair in 2012, based on relief needs, is aimed to actively push the formulation of mechanism of natural disaster relief assessment, standardize assessment program, improve workflow, complete the indices system, explore working approaches.Assessment of natural disaster relief mainly includes 4 major categories, which are relief preparedness assessment, emergency relief assessment, post‐disaster relief assessment and annual comprehensive assessment, and 12 subcategories focusing on specific fields.
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Contents
01 Regional disaster risk assessment
02 Major disaster risk and loss assessment
03 Catastrophic disaster loss assessment
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Risk Assessment for Different Types ofDisasters and Major Industries
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Risk Assessment for Different Types ofDisasters and Major Industries
中国台风灾害直接经济损失年遇型风险(50年一遇)Typhoon disaster risk of direct economic loss of China of
once every 50 years
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Annual Disaster Risk Assessment
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Contents
01 Regional disaster risk assessment
02 Major disaster risk and loss assessment
03 Catastrophic disaster loss assessment
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Major disaster risk and loss assessment
The objectives of loss assessment: Objectively and timely learn about the damages and economic losses
caused by disasters. Timely launch national and local emergency plans, and take emergency
relief measures. Formulate the plans for recovery and reconstruction.
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Carry out fast assessment using empirical/simulation models
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Earthquake
Vulnerability curve indicating damaged status slight ~ severe
Flood and waterlogging
short and long waveradiationlong wave
radiationsensible heat
heat to ground
baresoil
evapotranspirationprecipitation
surface runoff
interflow
groundwaterflowinfiltration
percolation
recharge
soilsoilbarevegetatedsoilvegetated
WetSpa distributed hydrological model
Earthquake damage matrix(%) for houses of steel and cement in areas with a basic intensity of IX
Intensity
Intact
Slightly damage
d
Moderately
damaged
Severely
damaged
Completely
destroyed
VI 95.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
VII 90.0 10.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
VIII 80.0 15.0 5.0 0.0 0.0
IX 55.0 35.5 8.5 1.0 0.0
X 30.0 35.0 27.0 5.5 2.5
Carry out fast assessment using empirical/simulation models
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Tyhoon
Drought
Carry out fast assessment using empirical/simulation models
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Carry out fast assessment using empirical/simulation models
15 15
Earthquake
30-40 minutes
Flood and waterlogging
Tyhoon
Drought
2-4 houres
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On‐the‐spot Investigation and Grassroots Statistics andReporting of Natural Disaster Losses
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On‐the‐spot Investigation and Grassroots Statistics andReporting of Natural Disaster Losses
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Make Use of Remote‐Sensing Technology inDisaster Monitoring and Assessment
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Make Use of Remote‐Sensing Technology inDisaster Monitoring and Assessment
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Carry out comprehensive assessmentmaking use of the several methods
In recent years, using the mentioned‐above methods, China central government carried out the losses assessment for about 50 major natural disasters every year to support the decision‐making of the disaster emergency and relief.
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Contents
01 Regional disaster risk assessment
02 Major disaster risk and loss assessment
03 Catastrophic disaster loss assessment
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Formulate the working mechanism of disaster assessment
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Working mechanism participated by multiple departmentsfor catastrophic disaster comprehensive assessment
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Statistical System for Catastrophic Natural Disaster Losses
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Multiple‐method comprehensive assessment technologyfor catastrophic disasters
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Thanks…