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Native Plants of the Baldwin Hills Scenic Overlook
Created by Andrew and Allison Tsau
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The Coastal Sage Scrub CommunityThe plant community stretches from Baja
California to Southern Oregon. However, the explosive urbanization of California, where much of the natural habitats reside in this community, causes a constant problem. With the disappearance of many integral plants, like the prickly pear cactus and mulefat, the natural community is falling apart. It is important to inform visitors of the importance of preserving one of the last coastal sage scrub communities in the area.
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Shrubs and Scrubs Sages- White and
Purple Toyon Mulefat Prickly Pear Cactus Purple Needle grass Plantain California Goldfield Dune Primrose Bush Sunflower
Golden Yarrow Blue-Eyed Grass Giant Wild Rye California Aster Heart-leaved
Penstemon Arroyo Lupine California Poppy Popcorn Flower
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Purple Sage (Salvia Officinalis) and
White Sage (Salvia Apiana) Piquant aroma Leaves were eaten by the
Tongva Native American Tribes; also used as hair ointment/wash
Not to be used by pregnant women due to presence of thujone, which can trigger epileptics.
White sage was known as kasili to the Tongva
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Toyon (Heteromeles arbutifolia ) Looks like holly-
common in the Santa Monica Mountains, hence the naming of “Hollywood”
Berries provide an important source of food for birds
Also known as Ashwet in the Tongva language. Wood was used for arrows, men’s hairpins, and dye (from berries)
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Mulefat (Baccharis salsifolia) Named by gold miners,
who let their mules graze on these
Flexible, sways with the wind
Tongvas, who knew mulefat as mahar, used the stems for arrows, and boiled leaves/stems to treat bruises, insect bites, and as an eyewash.
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Prickly Pear Cactus (Opuntia x occidentalis) Fruit is reddish, and is
sometimes turned into jams
The cactus wren, which depends on this plant as its natural habitat and nesting site, has not been seen in the area for a decade.
The spines are very sharp, and can grow up to 1 –1.5 inches
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Purple Needlegrass (Nassella Pulchra) “California’s State Grass”
Beautiful, native alternative to fountain grass (often used in landscaping)
Can live 100+ years. Important food source
for many animals Hardy and drought
resistant
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Dune Primrose (Camissonia cheiranthifolia)
also known as Beach Suncup, Beach Evening Primrose
Can withstand salty environments
Root systems help prevent soil erosion
Immense flexiblity allows it to survive the strong winds along the coasts
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California Sagebrush (Artemesia californica)
Known to Tongvas as Pawots
Many medicinal uses-treated asthma, fevers, coughs, toothaches burns, and wounds.
Pungent odor ¾ to 3 inch long leaves
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Arroyo Lupine (Lupinus succulentus) Native to California Soil and rain
determine height of plant; this species is the most water tolerant of all Lupines
Leaves are about 6 cm long, flowers about 1-2 cm long and clustered in whorls
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Bush Sunflower Protected by law Stem can be chewed
to ease pain Dark center-
distinguishable from the invasive chrysanthemum
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Blue-eyed Grass (Sisyrinchium Bellum) Also known as Star Grass
Not a true grass-in the iris family
Perennial-each flower sheds a seed capsule that have tiny black seeds
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California Poppy (Eschscholzia californica)
“California’s State Flower”
5-60cm tall plant Drought tolerant Self seeding Petals close at night,
and when weather is rough
Each petal is 2-6 cm long
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Giant Wild Rye (Leymus condensatus) Seeds provide a
source of food for birds
Drought resistant Flowers-blue, in
springtime
Close up of seeds
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California Aster (Lessingia Filaginifolia)
Nectar is eaten by moths and butterflies-important food source
One-inch wide flowers with yellow centers
Perennial Drought resistant Tolerates salt
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Popcorn Flower Small, white flowers,
in tight bunches-looks like popcorn
2 to 10 inches tall Leaves are narrow,
green-grayish and hairy
Flowers bloom in February and March
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Golden Yarrow (Eriophyllum confertiflorum)
Grows 12 to 24 inches tall
Blooms in March- August
Drought resistant Perennial
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California Goldfields (Lasthenia californica)
Nicknamed “fly-flower” as many small flies feed on its pollen
Can cover an entire field or meadow, hence its name
Can grow to about two to ten inches tall
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Heart-Leaved Penstemon (Keckiella cordifolia)
A 36 to 72 inch long sprawling bush
Flowers – red and tubular, May to July
Needs little watering-drought resistant-shiny green foilage
Cold-tolerant to under 0 degrees Fahrenheit
Important hummingbird plant
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Plantain Adds nitrogen to the
soil
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Trees Coastal Live Oak Black Walnut Laurel Sumac Western Sycamore
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Coastal Live Oak (Quercus agrifolia) Tongva name: Weht-used
as primary food source from acorns Acorns would be
picked, dried, opened, and peeled
Ground into fine meal Leaching process to get
rid of toxic tannin
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Western Sycamore (Platanus racemosa) Shavar-Tongva name Bark Tea-used as
blood tonic, cure for asthma, and aid in childbirth.
Wood was used for construction of homes, sweathouses
Usually found along streams and other water sources
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Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)
Shells used as black dye for hair, and handicrafts
Heartwood-dark colored, highly prized
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Laurel Sumac (Malosuma Laurina) Waxy, curved leaves
help create drought resistance
10 to 15 feet tall Used in landscaping
in frost free areas (is not frost hardy)
Aroma is very strong In its own genus
Malosma
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FIN
Photographs and Powerpoint Prepared by California State Park Volunteers:
Allison Tsau Andrew Tsau
Winter 2009- Spring 2010