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National Action Plan on Chemical (industrial) Disaster Risk
Management
Dr Rakesh DubeyDirector
Disaster Management Instituteand
Member Secretary, National Action Planat
CIDM 2010 Mumbai
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National Action Plan is under the process of preparation under the Chairmanship of Lt. Gen. (Dr) J R Bhardwaj, Hon’ble Member
NDMA, GOI
February 16, 2010 CIDM 2010, Mumbai 2
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Evolution of National idrm system
February 16, 2010 3CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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February 16, 2010 4CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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We suggest the model on the left for action plan
1. Prepardness : includes planning, prevention and mitigation i.e.
Risk assessment (HAZOP, FEMA, FTA, ETA, consequence assessment, probability estimation, etc. audits; on-site and off-site emergency plans, Training
Engineering change/modification for prevention and mitigation
ISO’s, OSHAS, Formal education in the area of safety, risk assessment, medical, fire fighting,
2. Response: Human behaviour, community involvement and participation in emergency process, response of fire fighters, medical response, police (law and order) eg Mock drills
These can be enhanced by Training, awareness building measures and integration with business continuity programme
1. Prepardness : includes planning, prevention and mitigation i.e.
Risk assessment (HAZOP, FEMA, FTA, ETA, consequence assessment, probability estimation, etc. audits; on-site and off-site emergency plans, Training
Engineering change/modification for prevention and mitigation
ISO’s, OSHAS, Formal education in the area of safety, risk assessment, medical, fire fighting,
2. Response: Human behaviour, community involvement and participation in emergency process, response of fire fighters, medical response, police (law and order) eg Mock drills
These can be enhanced by Training, awareness building measures and integration with business continuity programme
February 16, 2010 5CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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Prepardness :
• Planning: GIS based on-site and emergency
management plans Risk assessment should make a base for
plans Reach to all important stake holders by
using some common platform• Prevention: Compliance of laws and rules, by doing risk
assessment after assessing the consequences and probability by using HAZOP, FEMA, ETA, FTA and computer model for consequence analysis
• Mitigation Change in process, chemicals,
instrumention, machine, training of human beings, community and civil administartin invovment
• Training Planning, Prevention and mitigation
• Planning: GIS based on-site and emergency
management plans Risk assessment should make a base for
plans Reach to all important stake holders by
using some common platform• Prevention: Compliance of laws and rules, by doing risk
assessment after assessing the consequences and probability by using HAZOP, FEMA, ETA, FTA and computer model for consequence analysis
• Mitigation Change in process, chemicals,
instrumention, machine, training of human beings, community and civil administartin invovment
• Training Planning, Prevention and mitigation
includes planning, prevention and mitigation
i.e. Risk assessment (HAZOP, FEMA, FTA, ETA, consequence assessment, probability estimation, etc. audits; on-site and off-site emergency plans, ISO’s, OSHAS, compliance of the laws, engineering modification
Strengthening the regulators by knowledge upgradation to meet the challenges
Formal education in the area of safety, risk assessment, medical, fire fighting, for cadre development
February 16, 2010 6CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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HAZARD IDENTIFICATION METHODS:
- Process hazard checklist - Hazard survey: DOW index - HAZOP hazard & operability study - Safety review
RISK ASSESSMENT:
- What can go wrong & how ? - What are the chances ? - Consequences ?
EXTREMES:
- Low probability - Minimal consequences
February 16, 2010 7CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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Causality chainCausality chain
EmissionEmission
Environmentaldistribution
Exposure
Effects
MODELLINGor
MONITORING
February 16, 2010 8CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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Spatial scalesSpatial scales
Local scaleLocal scale Area around one point Area around one point
source/one industrysource/one industry Average environmental Average environmental
characteristicscharacteristics ““Reasonable worst Reasonable worst
casecase”” scenario scenario
Local scaleLocal scale Area around one point Area around one point
source/one industrysource/one industry Average environmental Average environmental
characteristicscharacteristics ““Reasonable worst Reasonable worst
casecase”” scenario scenario
February 16, 2010 9CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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Regional scaleRegional scale Area can be 200 x 200 kmArea can be 200 x 200 km 20 million inhabitants 20 million inhabitants 100 or 10% of production 100 or 10% of production Average environmentalAverage environmental
characteristicscharacteristics Two or more sourcesTwo or more sources
Regional scaleRegional scale Area can be 200 x 200 kmArea can be 200 x 200 km 20 million inhabitants 20 million inhabitants 100 or 10% of production 100 or 10% of production Average environmentalAverage environmental
characteristicscharacteristics Two or more sourcesTwo or more sources
February 16, 2010 10CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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Types of EmissionsTypes of EmissionsTypes of EmissionsTypes of Emissions
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Continuous emissions
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Intermittent emissions
Peak emissions
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Block emissions
February 16, 2010 11CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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Hazards and Risks in industriesHazards and Risks in industries
• LPG , Propane (under pressure in liquid phase)• Ammonia (under pressure/refrigeration in
liquid phase) • Chlorine (under pressure in liquid phase)• Hydrogen (under pressure in gases)• CO + CH4 (under atmosphere )
February 16, 2010 12CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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Response
• Recognize• Avoid• Isolate• Notify
What can I do
February 16, 2010 13CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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Response
• Training Plant staff from top to bottom including
the contractual labours, visitors, associates likes traders, suppliers consumers
• Community Involvement of community in all
important activities, disclosure of vital information with preparedness
• National/state/local Governments Assessment of weakness in medical
preparedness, fire fighting, law and order and corrective measures
• Mockdrills By involving all stakeholders including,
armed forces and NDRF
• Training Plant staff from top to bottom including
the contractual labours, visitors, associates likes traders, suppliers consumers
• Community Involvement of community in all
important activities, disclosure of vital information with preparedness
• National/state/local Governments Assessment of weakness in medical
preparedness, fire fighting, law and order and corrective measures
• Mockdrills By involving all stakeholders including,
armed forces and NDRF
Human behaviour, community involvement and participation in emergency process, response of fire fighters, medical response, police (law and order) eg Mock drillsCompliance of regulations
February 16, 2010 14CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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Protection layers for disaster free society
February 16, 2010 15CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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Knowledge platform for example:www.hrdp-idrm.in
February 16, 2010 CIDM 2010, Mumbai 16
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Seven Avenues
Potential countermeasures for each modern causation approach include:
SAFETYMANAGEMENT
ERRORTRAININGEDUCATIONMOTIVATIONTASK DESIGN
1
2 3 4 5 6 7
February 16, 2010 17CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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Seven Avenues
Potential countermeasures for each modern causation approach include:
SAFETYPROGRAM
DEFECTREVISE INFORMATIONCOLLECTIONANALYSISIMPLEMENTATION
2
3 4 5 6 71
February 16, 2010 18CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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Seven Avenues
Potential countermeasures for each modern causation approach include:
COMMANDERROR
TRAININGEDUCATIONMOTIVATIONTASK DESIGN
3
4 5 6 71 2
February 16, 2010 19CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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Seven Avenues
Potential countermeasures for each modern causation approach include:
DESIGN REVISION VIA-- - SOP- REGULATIONS- POLICY LETTERS- STATEMENTS
4
5 6 71 2 3SYSTEM DEFECT
February 16, 2010 20CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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Seven Avenues
Potential countermeasures for each modern causation approach include:
ENGINEERINGTRAININGMOTIVATION
5
6 71 2 3 4OPERATING
ERROR
February 16, 2010 21CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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Seven Avenues
Potential countermeasures for each modern causation approach include:
7PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTBARRIERSSEPARATION
6
1 2 3 4 5 MISHAP
February 16, 2010 22CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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Seven Avenues
Potential countermeasures for each modern causation approach include:
CONTAINMENTFIREFIGHTINGRESCUEEVACUATIONFIRST AID
7
1 2 3 4 5 6 RESULT
February 16, 2010 23CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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Preparedness + Response have base Preparedness + Response have base
February 16, 2010 24CIDM 2010, Mumbai
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kindly visit www.hrdp-idrm.in
February 16, 2010 25CIDM 2010, Mumbai