NanoscienceNanoscience
Chemistry 1
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What is a nanoparticl
e?
One million nanoparticles placed side by side would span 1mm.
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Macro…..
Billion light years
93
The universe
telescope
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Macro…..
thousand light years
100
The milky way
(our galaxy)
telescope
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Macro…..
thousand km
13
The Earth
(our Planet)
telescope
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Macro…..
km
320
Wales
telescope
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Macro…..
metre
150
Millennium Stadium
telescope
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Macro…..
metre
2
Person
Eye
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Macro…..
cm20
Science textbook
Eye
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Macro…..
cm2
Your finger
Eye
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Macro…..
mm1
Pencil point
Eye
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Micro…..
micrometer
300
Flea
microscope
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Micro…..
micrometer
40
Human hair
microscope
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Micro…..
micrometer
20
One blood cell
microscope
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Micro…..
micrometer
4
One Bacterium E-coli
microscope
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Nano…..
nanometre
400
One Flu Virus (Influenza)
Electron microscope
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Nano…..
nanometre
40
Molecule of protein
Electron microscope
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Nano…..
nanometre
1
Molecule of Carbon 60
Electron microscope
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Properties of Nanoparticles
The properties of substances change entirely when in nano-sized
form.
silver
e.g.
Silver (macro)Silver is a ductile and malleable metal (slightly harder than gold). It’s white with a metallic sheen capable of high shine. It has the highest electrical conductivity of any metal, even copper, and so is used to coat high quality electrodes/ electronic connections.Pure silver also has the highest heat conductivity of all metals (diamond is the only non-metal that’s higher).Because it reflects well, it’s used as a background for mirrors. Silver salts react to light, and silver nitrate is used in photographic film.G
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Properties of Nanoparticles
The properties of substances change entirely when in nano-sized
form.
Silver (nano)
Silver in this form shows different properties:
1) It’s antibacterial2) It’s antiviral3) It’s antifungal
In each of the above examples, the silver nanoparticles prevent the organism’s respiratory enzymes from working, and so kills them in minutes.
Special socks are now available that include silver nanoparticles in order to heal conditions such as athlete’s foot. Research has shown that silver can also be used to treat many diseases, from flu to HIV. G
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Using Silver Nanoparticles
Coating the inside of the fridge with silver nanoparticles ensures that any microbe is killed and keeps the fridge clean hygienic and safe.
Nanoparticles in the washing machine ensure that the clothes are cleaned and disinfected.
The silver nanoparticles in this sock kills odour causing bacteria and keep the socks fresh!
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Advantages and Advantages and disadvantages of using disadvantages of using
nanoparticlesnanoparticles
Nanoparticles
AdvantagesAdvantages DisadvantagesDisadvantages
Preparation of certain catalysts
Unusual propertie
s,
leading to new uses
Some have antibacterial,
antiviral and antifungal properties
Could penetrate skin and cause undesired
side-effects
Easily releasedinto the environment
There is a lot that we don’t know about nanoparticles at the moment. Much more research is needed before their use becomes widespread
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