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SILIGURI INSTITITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
NAME:- MOINAK DEYNAME:- MOINAK DEY
33RDRD YEAR YEAR
66THTH SEMESTER SEMESTER
DEPT:-BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERINGDEPT:-BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING
TEACHER:- SUJAN K.SAMANTATEACHER:- SUJAN K.SAMANTA
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TOPIC OF SEMINARTOPIC OF SEMINAR
“ARTIFICIAL HEART-LUNG MACHINE”
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ArtificialArtificial Heart-lungHeart-lung Machine Machine
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What is an “Artificial Heart-Lung Machine”?
The Artificial Heart-Lung Machine is a unit,in which an artificial lung and a heat exchanger is connected to an undulation pump and a drive unit.
It circulates the blood if the heart is stopped.
In 1937,Dr.Gibbon invented the first artificial heart-lung machine.
In 1953,he performed the first artificial heart-lung machine implantation operation in human.
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First Heart-Lung Machine By Dr.Gibbon(1937) First Heart-Lung Machine(1937)
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ArtificialArtificial Heart-Lung Heart-Lung MachineMachine
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Model Of Artificial Heart Lung Artificial Heart Lung MachineMachine
ReceivingReservoir
CoronarySinusPump
SettlingReservoir
Oxygenator
CoronaryHeat
Exchanger
CoronaryPump
ArterialPump
ArterialHeat
Exchanger
Filter
FROM CORONARY SINUS
FROM HEART
VENOUS INPUTTO ARTERY TO CORONARY ARTERIES
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Block Diagram Of Artificial Heart-Lung Heart-Lung MachineMachine
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Working Mechanism:Working Mechanism:
• Consists of a chamber which receives blood from body.
• Blood is pushed inside the reservoir.• Blood is pushed from the reservoir to an
oxygenator.• Oxygenator removes Carbon dioxide
and adds oxygen.• Pump, then pumps this newly
oxygenated blood back to the body.• Connected to patient by a series of
tubes.
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Fig:-Working Mechanism Of Artificial Heart-Lung Machine
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Fig:- Tubing distribution Of Artificial Heart-Lung MachineTubing distribution Of Artificial Heart-Lung Machine
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Parts Of Artificial Heart-Lung Parts Of Artificial Heart-Lung Machine:-Machine:-
The artificial heart-lung machine consists of several parts. They follow a major role in the working of the machine.The parts which constitute the artificial heart-lung machine are:-
Oxygenator.Heat Exchanger.Filter.Pump.Reservoir.
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Oxygenator:-One main component of the artificial heart-
lung machine is the Oxygenator.An oxygenator is a medical device that is
capable of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.
In general the basic types of oxygenators are:-
• Bubble OxygenatorBubble Oxygenator• Film OxygenatorFilm Oxygenator• Membrane OxygenatorMembrane Oxygenator
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Basic Types of OxygenatorsBasic Types of Oxygenators
A. BubbleA. Bubble
B. FilmB. Film
C. MembraneC. Membrane
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Comparison between 3 oxygenators
Flow capacity
Priming volume
Initial cost
Maintenance cost
Bubble OxygenatorFilm Oxygenator
Membrane Oxygenator
Medium
Medium
Low
High
High
Large
High
Medium
Low
Small
Medium
High
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Heat Exchanger:-This arrangement allows the temperature
regulation of the blood by Heat ExchangeHeat Exchange between blood and media.
The Cylindrical Heat ExchangerCylindrical Heat Exchanger contains channels to move blood from pump to oxygenator.
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Filter:-This device filters micro-particles(<40(<40ÅÅ)) in
size,which enters the machine.
FilterFilter,filters the blood from the artificial heart-lung machine and delivers it to the other parts of the body.
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Pump:-PumpPump,permits the blood coming from the
reservoir to be driven out to the heat exchanger.
Advantages:- The pumppump increases the space and volumespace and volume
of the whole system.
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Reservoir:-ReservoirReservoir,is the storage device which is
responsible for both collection and distribution of the blood.
A ReservoirReservoir collects blood drained from the venous circulation and heart.
Uses:-Uses:- Air-fluid separation. Temporary storage. Ventilation(Bubble Oxygenenators). Filtration.
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The Ideal Heart-Lung MachineThe Ideal Heart-Lung Machine
Oxygenate upto 5 liters/min of venous blood to 95-100%.
CO2 removal is efficient. Has reasonable priming volume. It is Biocompatible. Simple,dependable,safe,easily
sterilized,easily connected and disconnected from the patient.
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RECENTLY DEVELOPED HEART-LUNG MACHINE
5th Generation HL Machine
World’s Smallest Heart-Lung Machine
New Baby HL Machine
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CONCLUSION
Thus blood can be re-routed through artificial heart-lung machine.
Since its development almost forty years ago, thousands of human and animal hearts have been repaired while this life-saving machine took over for them during surgery.
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REFERENCEWEBSITES:-www.soringroup-usa.comwww.news.bbc.co.ukwww.surguryencyclopedia.comwww.nedicow.com
BOOKS:-Textbook Of Medical Physiology, by Guyton & Hall.Bio-Medical Instrumentation, by M.Arumugam.
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