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User manual
Volume 1/1
MN.00114.E – 004
SDH ADD–DROP MULTIPLEXERADM–1
The information contained in this handbook is subject to change without notice.
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ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 I
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Contents
Section 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . User guide 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1. WARNING 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. FIRST AID FOR ELECTRICAL SHOCK AND SAFETY RULES 5. .
2.1 FIRST AID FOR ELECTRICAL SHOCK 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.1 Artificial respiration 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.2 Treatment of burns 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2 SAFETY RULES 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. PURPOSE AND STRUCTURE OF THE MANUAL 9. . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.1 PURPOSE OF THE MANUAL 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2 AUDIENCE BASIC KNOWLEDGE 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.3 STRUCTURE OF THE MANUAL 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Section 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Description and specifications 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.1 GENERAL 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.2 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004II
5. SYSTEM PRESENTATION 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.1 OVERVIEW 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2 APPLICATIONS 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.3 MAIN FEATURES 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.1 General 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.2 Configuration options 22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.3 Aggregate interface 28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.4 Tributary interfaces 28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.5 Equipment capacity 29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.6 Cross–connections 29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.7 Protection schemes 29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.8 Monitoring and control 32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.9 Power supply 33. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. EQUIPMENT TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.1 STANDARDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.2 FRAME CHARACTERISTICS 36. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.3 STM–1 ELECTRICAL INTERFACE 36. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.4 STM–1/STM–4 OPTICAL INTERFACE 37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.5 2 Mbit/s INTERFACE (E1) 37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.6 10/100/1000 Mbit/s ETHERNET INTERFACE 38. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.7 34/45 Mbit/s INTERFACE (T3, E3) 41. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.8 64 kbit/s CONTRA–DIRECTIONAL V.11 INTERFACE 41. . . . . . . . . .
6.9 ALARM INTERFACE 42. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.10 NETWORK MANAGEMENT INTERFACE (NMI) 42. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.11 POWER SUPPLY 43. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.12 MECHANICAL STRUCTURE 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.13 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION 45. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.1 GENERAL 45. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.2 UNPROTECTED CONFIGURATIONS 45. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2.1 4RU version 45. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2.2 2RU version 46. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2.3 1RU version 47. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inhaltsverzeichnis
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 III
7.3 EQUIPMENT PROTECTED CONFIGURATIONS 47. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3.1 4RU version 47. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3.2 2RU version 48. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3.3 1RU version 48. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.4 NETWORK PROTECTED CONFIGURATIONS 49. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4.1 2 Mbit/s end to end traffic protection between PDH and SDH
rings 49. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.5 REDUNDANCY OF TRIBUTARY INTERFACE UNITS 51. . . . . . . . . .
7.6 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 55. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6.1 LIU (Line Interface Unit) 55. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6.2 SMU (SDH Multiplexing Unit) 55. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6.3 MCU (Main Control Unit) 55. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6.4 SMCU (SDH Multiplexing and Control Unit) 56. . . . . . 7.6.5 TIU (Tributary Interface Unit) 56. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6.6 PSU (Power Supply Unit) 56. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.7 UNIT DESCRIPTION 61. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7.2 SMU (SDH Multiplexing Unit) 62. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7.3 2 Mbit/s (E1) tributary interface unit 65. . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7.4 155 Mbit/s (STM1) tributary interface unit 65. . . . . . . . 7.7.5 34/45 (E3/T3) tributary interface unit 68. . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7.6 Ethernet tributary unit interface 70. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7.7 MCU (Main Controller Unit) 73. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7.8 Power supply unit 75. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7.9 Management Interface Unit (MIU) 76. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7.10 SMCU 77. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.8 EQUIPMENT FACILITIES 82. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8.2 Alarm indication 83. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8.3 User in/Alarm out 83. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.9 EQUIPMENT SYNCHRONISATION 83. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.10 SDH OVERVIEW 95. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Section 105. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation 105. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8. EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION 107. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.1 GENERAL 107. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.2 MECHANICAL INSTALLATION 107. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.3 ELECTRICAL WIRING 107. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004IV
9. USER CONNECTORS 109. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.1 GENERAL 109. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.2 AVAILABLE CONNECTORS AND THEIR USE 109. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Section 127. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Line–up 127. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10. EQUIPMENT LINE–UP 129. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.1 GENERAL 129. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.2 EQUIPMENT SWITCH–ON 129. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.3 1+0 TERMINAL MULTIPLEXER EQUIPMENT FUNCTIONALITY TEST 129. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.4 1+1 OR DROP–INSERT MULTIPLEXER EQUIPMENT FUNCTIONALITY TEST 131. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.5 LASER FUNCTIONALITY TEST 132. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.5.1 Switch–on procedure 132. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.5.2 Automatic laser shutdown check 132. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Section 137. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maintenance 137. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11. MAINTENANCE GUIDELINES 139. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11.1 GENERAL 139. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12. UNIT REPLACEMENT 141. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.1 UNIT REPLACEMENT 141. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13. ACCESSORIES 143. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13.1 LIST AND USE OF ACCESSORIES 143. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inhaltsverzeichnis
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14. TROUBLESHOOTING 145. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14.1 GENERAL 145. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14.2 FAULT LOCATION 145. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15. PROCEDURES TO BACKUP THE FULL EQUIPMENT CONFIGURATION 151. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15.1 GENERAL 151. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15.2 CONFIGURATION UPLOAD 151. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15.3 CONFIGURATION DOWNLOAD 152. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Section 153. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programming and supervision 153. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16. EQUIPMENT PROGRAMMING AND SUPERVISION 155. . . . . . . . . . .
16.1 GENERAL 155. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Section 157. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Composition 157. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17. EQUIPMENT COMPOSITION 159. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17.1 GENERAL 159. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17.2 ADM–1 4RU MECHANICAL LAYOUT 159. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.2.1 ADM–1 4RU version configuration list 160. . . . . . . . . . .
17.3 ADM–1 2RU MECHANICAL LAYOUT 165. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.3.1 ADM–1 2RU version configuration list 166. . . . . . . . . . .
17.4 ADM–1 1RU MECHANICAL LAYOUT 167. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.4.1 ADM–1 1RU version configuration list 168. . . . . . . . . . .
Contents
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004VI
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 1
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1Section
User guide
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 0042
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 3
1. WARNING
The equipment described conforms to the European Directive 1989/336/EEC provided that theequipment installation is performed according to the procedures attached in the present manual.
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1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
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2. FIRST AID FOR ELECTRICALSHOCK AND SAFETY RULES
2.1 FIRST AID FOR ELECTRICAL SHOCK
Do not touch the patient with bare hands until the circuit has been opened. pen the circuitby switching off the line switches. If that is not possible protect yourself with dry material andfree the patient from the conductor.
2.1.1 Artificial respiration
It is important to start mouth resuscitation at once and to call a doctor immediately. suggestedprocedure for mouth to mouth resuscitation method is described in the Tab. 2.1.
2.1.2 Treatment of burns
This treatment should be used after the patient has regained consciousness. It can also beemployed while artificial respiration is being applied (in this case there should be at least twopersons present).
Warning
• Do not attempt to remove clothing from burnt sections
• Apply dry gauze on the burns
• Do not apply ointments or other oily substances.
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Tab. 2.1
Step Description Figure
1 Lay the patient on his back with his arms parallel to the body. If thepatient is laying on an inclined plane, make sure that his stomachis slightly lower than his chest. Open the patients mouth andcheck that there is no foreign matter in mouth (dentures, chewinggum, etc.).
2 Kneel beside the patient level with his head. Put an hand underthe patient’s head and one under his neck.
Lift the patient’s head and let it recline backwards as far aspossible.
3 Shift the hand from the patient’s neck to his chin and his mouth,the index along his jawbone, and keep the other fingers closed to-gether. While performing these operations take a good supply ofoxygen by taking deep breaths with your mouth open.
4 With your thumb between the patient’s chin and mouth keep hislips together and blow into his nasal cavities
5 While performing these operations observe if the patient’s chestrises. If not it is possible that his nose is blocked: in that case openthe patient’s mouth as much as possible by pressing on his chinwith your hand, place your lips around his mouth and blow into hisoral cavity. Observe if the patient’s chest heaves. This secondmethod can be used instead of the first even when the patient’snose is not obstructed, provided his nose is kept closed by pres-sing the nostrils together using the hand you were holding hishead with. The patient’s head must be kept sloping backwards asmuch as possible.
6 Start with ten rapid expirations, hence continue at a rate of twelve/fifteen expirations per minute. Go on like this until the patient hasregained conscious–ness, or until a doctor has ascertained hisdeath.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
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ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 7
2.2 SAFETY RULES
When the equipment units are provided with the plate, shown in Fig. 2.1, it means that theycontain components electrostatic charge sensitive.
Fig. 2.1
In order to prevent the units from being damaged while handling, it is advisable to wear anelasticised band (Fig. 2.2) around the wrist ground connected through coiled cord (Fig. 2.3).
Fig. 2.2
Elasticized
Ban
d
Fig. 2.3
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 0048
The units showing the label, shown in Fig. 2.4, include laser diodes and the emitted power canbe dangerous for eyes; avoid exposure in the direction of optical signal emission.
Fig. 2.4
LASER
Attention: Remove the power supply cable before unscrewing and extracting the AC/DC unit(C36087).
Attention: In case of power supply unit C36050 don’t touch the beryllium paste on it.
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 9
3. PURPOSE AND STRUCTURE OF THEMANUAL
3.1 PURPOSE OF THE MANUAL
The purpose of this manual consists in providing the user with information which permit tooperate and maintain the ADM–1 equipment.
Warning: This manual does not include information relevant to the SCT/LCT managementprogram windows and relevant application. They will be provided by the program itself ashelp–on line.
3.2 AUDIENCE BASIC KNOWLEDGE
The following knowledge and skills are required to operate the equipment:
• a basic understanding of SDH transmission
• installation and maintenance experience on digital system
• a good knowledge of IP/OSI networks and routing policy.
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3.3 STRUCTURE OF THE MANUAL
The manual is subdivided into sections each of them developing a specific topic entitling thesection.
Each section consists of a set of chapters, enlarging the main subject master.
Section 1 – User Guide
It provides the information about the main safety rules and expounds the purpose and thestructure of the manual.
Section 2 – Description and specifications
It traces the broad line of equipment operation and lists the main technical characteristics.
List of abbreviation meaning is also supplied.
Section 3 – Installation
The mechanical installation procedures are herein set down as well as the user electricalconnections.
The content of the tool kit (if supplied) is also listed.
Section 4 – Line–Up
Line–up procedures are described as well as checks to be carried out for the equipment correctoperation. The list of the instruments to be used and their characteristics are also set down.
Section 5 – Maintenance
The routine maintenance actions are described as well as fault location procedures in order toidentify the faulty unit and to re–establish the operation after its replacement with a spare one.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
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Section 6 – Programming and supervision
The section supplies the list of programs that may manage the equipment.
The relevant program description is supplied separately as paper form (under specific customerrequest) or as help on–line.
Section 7 – Composition
Position, part numbers of the components the equipment consist of, are shown in this section.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00412
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 13
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2Section
Description andspecifications
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00414
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 15
4. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
4.1 GENERAL
What follows is the list of abbreviations used in this manual.
4.2 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
• Add–Drop Multiplexer
• Alarm indicating signal
• Automatic laser shutdown
• American national standards institute
• Administrative unit
• Bit error rate
• Bit interleaved parity
• Data communication channel
• Electromagnetic interference/Electromagnetic compatibility
• EOW Engineering order wire
• European telecommunication standards institute
• Field programmable gate array
• High order path adaptation
ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
4
ADM
AIS
ALS
ANSI
AU
BER
BIP
DCC
EMI/EMC
ETSI
FPGA
HPA
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CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00416
• High order path termination
• Internet protocol
• International telecommunication union
• Local area network
• Local craft terminal
• Line interface unit
• Link access procedure on D channel
• Local craft terminal
• Logical link control
• Loss of frame
• Loss of pointer
• Low order path adaptation
• Low order connection
• Low order path termination
• Loss of timing input
• Media access control
• Main controller unit
• Management information base
• Management interface unit
• Multilongitudinal mode
• Multiplex section adaptation
• Multiplex section overhead
• Multiplex section protection
• Multiplex section – Shared protection ring
• Multiplex section termination
• Network element
• Network management system
• Operation & maintenance
• Open system interconnect
• Plesiochronous digital hierarchy
HPT
IP
ITU
LAN
LCT
LIU
LPDA
LCT
LLC
LOF
LOP
LPA
LPC
LPT
LTI
MAC
MCU
MIB
MIU
MLM
MSA
MSOH
MSP
MS–SPRing
MST
NE
NMS
O&M
OSI
PDH
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 17
• Performance monitoring
• Path overhead
• Plesiochronous physical interface
• Point to point protocol
• Primary reference clock
• Power supply unit
• Quality level
• Remote alarm indicator
• Remote defect indicator
• Remote error indicator
• Regenerator section overhead
• Regeneration section termination
• Subnetwork craft terminal
• Synchronous digital hierarchy
• Synchronous equipment clock
• Synchronous equipment timing generator
• Synchronous equipment timing source
• SDH multiplexing and main controller unit
• SDH multiplexing unit
• Subnetwork connection protection
• Simple network management protocol
• Synchronous physical interface
• Synchronous status messaging
• Synchronisation supply unit local
• Synchronisation supply unit transit
• Synchronous transport module
• Transport control protocol
• Tributary interface unit
• Tributary switch unit
• Tributary unit group
PM
POH
PPI
PPP
PRC
PSU
QL
RAI
RDI
REI
RSOH
RST
SCT
SDH
SEC
SETG
SETS
SMCU
SMU
SNCP
SNMP
SPI
SSM
SSUL
SSUT
STM
TCP
TIU
TSU
TUG
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00418
• User datagram protocol
• Virtual container
• Wait to restore
UDP
VC
WTR
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 19
5. SYSTEM PRESENTATION
5.1 OVERVIEW
The modern transmission system based on SDH hierarchy permits to make–up network andsubnetwork flexible and expanded where signals pass through at different rates with highreliability. Network elements as line multiplexers (LTM), regenerators, add–drop multiplexers(ADM), synchronous cross connect (SDXC) make part of the network and assure:
• high flexibility
• simplified maintenance
• in–service test
• centralized management.
SIAE ADM–1 family is SIAE’s new generation of STM–1/STM–4 add drop multiplexers. Owingto its flexibility and compactness, SIAE ADM equipment represents the ideal solution foroperators in search of a versatile multi–service provisioning platform for access andmetropolitan SDH networks.
SIAE ADM–1 family belongs to the latest generation of SIAE SDH add drop multiplexers andincludes:
• 4RU (4 rack units) conceived to support STM–1/STM–4 aggregate interfaces with fullyprotected configurations and high Add–Drop capacity.
• 2RU (2 rack units) designed to support STM–1/STM–4 aggregate interfaces inunprotected SDH rings.
• 1RU (1 rack unit) conceived to support STM–1 aggregate interfaces for CustomerPremises applications.
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5
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00420
5.2 APPLICATIONS
The ADM–1 finds its application both in the access network and in the transport network.
The ADM–1 can be used stand alone, or in conjunction with the SIAE SDH digital radio systems,to implement an SDH access or Metro Ring network as shown in Fig. 5.1.
This network provides transport of 2 Mbit/s, 34/45 Mbit/s Ethernet, IP packets, allowing theelimination of all the intermediate multiplexing stages.
When used in conjunction with the other SIAE 2 Mbit/s Multiplexers the ADM–1 meets thedemand of the customers for a wide variety of services (speech, ISDN, leased lines, fax) andbandwidth.
Moreover the ring structure provides path protection and high availability performance.
Fig. 5.1 ADM–1 typical applications
ADM–1CSTM1 Access Ring
STM4 Access Ring
ADM –1
STM4 Metro Ring
PSTN
L 2
ADM –1ADM –1
ADM –1
ADM –1
ADM –1
ADM –1ADM –1
ADM –1
ADM–1C
ADM–1C
ADM–1CADM–1C
ADM–1STM1 Access Ring
STM4 Access Ring
ADM –1
STM4 Metro Ring
PSTN
L 2
ADM –1ADM –1
ADM –1
ADM –1
ADM –1
ADM –1ADM –1
ADM –1
ADM–1
ADM–1
ADM–1ADM–1
ADM 1
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 21
5.3 MAIN FEATURES
5.3.1 General
SIAE’s ADM–1 family provides a very flexible and modular SDH platform.
In order to offer the best solution for each application in terms of features and price, SIAE’sADM–1 family is available in three different versions.
About this topic, the 4RU represents the most powerful version in terms of multiplexing capacityand protection schemes. It is able to fulfil any Customer requirement in STM–1 and STM–4applications.
Unlike 4RU, the 1RU version has been conceived to provide a cost–effective solution mainlyaddressed to Customer Premises applications.
The 2RU version is an intermediate solution designed to provide a good compromise betweenthe previous versions in terms of flexibility and cost–effectiveness.
In the following figures are shown the three mechanical layout type:
• Fig. 5.2 ADM–1 4RU version in protected configuration equipped with 126xE1interfaces
• Fig. 5.3 ADM–1 2RU version in unprotected configuration equipped with 63xE1interfaces
• Fig. 5.4 ADM–1 1RU version in unprotected configuration equipped with 32xE1interfaces
Fig. 5.2 ADM–1 4RU version
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00422
Fig. 5.3 ADM–1 2RU version
Fig. 5.4 ADM–1 1RU version
5.3.2 Configuration options
The ADM–1 equipment due to the high versatility and modularity can be used for Terminal,Linear Add–Drop or Ring Add–Drop applications (as shown in Fig. 5.5, Fig. 5.6 and Fig. 5.7).The following configurations are supported:
Tab. 5.1
Configurations Mechanical layout
4RU 2RU 1RU
1+0 terminal multiplexer (see Fig. 5.8) X X X
1+1 double terminal multiplexer (see Fig. 5.9) X X X
1+1 terminal multiplexer with line protection (see Fig. 5.9) X X X
1+1 terminal multiplexer with line, equipment and E1 protection (seeFig. 5.10)
X
1+1 terminal multiplexer with line, equipment and tributary protection (seeFig. 5.11)
X
1+0 drop–insert (see Fig. 5.12) X X X
1+1 drop–insert with line protection (see Fig. 5.13) X
1+1 drop–insert with line, equipment and E1 protection (see Fig. 5.14) X
1+1 drop–insert with line, equipment and tributary protection (see Fig. 5.15) X
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 23
Fig. 5.5 ADM–1 as terminal multiplexer 1+0 or 1+1
STM–1/4 main
STM–1/4 stand–by(1+1)
Tributaryinterfaces
Tributaryinterfaces
Fig. 5.6 ADM–1 as drop/insert
Tributaryinterfaces
Tributaryinterfaces
Drop Insert
Tributaryinterfaces
STM–1/4 west STM–1/4 east
Fig. 5.7 ADM–1 as ring add–drop
STM1 orSTM4 ring
Tributaryinterfaces
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00424
ADM–1 terminal configurations
Fig. 5.8 1+0 terminal multiplexer
SMU–M LIU –M STM–n
ADM –1STM–n
Tributaries– E1– E3– STM–1– Ethernet
– management– synchronization
Logical Diagram
TIU
TributaryInterfaces
Block Diagram
––––
––
Fig. 5.9 1+0 double terminal multiplexer and 1+1 terminal multiplexer with lineprotection
SMU–M LIU–M
LIU–M
STM–n
STM–nADM–1
STM–n
Tributaries– E1– E3– STM–1– Ethernet
– management– synchronization
Logical DiagramBlock Diagram
––– ––
TIU
TributaryInterfaces
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 25
Fig. 5.10 1+1 terminal multiplexer with line, equipment and E1 protections
SMU–M
SMU–R
LIU– M
LIU– R
TIU
Block Diagram
STM–n
STM–nADM –1
STM–n
Tributaries– E1– E3– STM–1– Ethernet
– management– synchronization
Logical Diagram
––––
TributaryInterfaces
Fig. 5.11 1+1 terminal multiplexer with line, equipment and tributary (STM–1, E3/T3,Ethernet) protections
SMU–M
SMU– R
LIU– M
LIU– R
TIU
TIU
Block Diagram
STM–n
STM–nADM –1
STM–n
Tributaries– E1– E3– STM–1– Ethernet
– management– synchronization
Logical Diagram
––––
––
TSU
TributaryInterfaces
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00426
Fig. 5.12 1+0 drop–insert
Block Diagram
STM–n
Tributaries– E1– E3– STM–1– Ethernet
– management– synchronization– ............
Logical Diagram
LIU–MLIU–M SMU–M STM–nSTM–n
–n
ADM –1
––– ––
–––
TIU
TributaryInterfaces
STM
Fig. 5.13 1+1 drop–insert with line protection
Block Diagram
STM–n
Tributaries– E1– E3– STM–1– Ethernet
– management– synchronization– ..............
Logical Diagram
STM–n
LIU–M
LIU–R
LIU–M SMU–M
LIU–R
STM–n
STM–n
STM–n
STM–nADM–1
––––
–––
–1
TIU
TributaryInterfaces
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 27
Fig. 5.14 1+1 drop–insert with line, equipment and E1 tributary protections
Block Diagram
STM–n
Tributaries– E1– E3– STM–1– Ethernet
– management– synchronization– ...............
Logical Diagram
STM–n
LIU–M
LIU –R
LIU –M
SMU–R
SMU–M
LIU –R
STM–n
STM–n
STM–n
STM–n
ADM–1
–
–––
–
TIU
TributaryInterfaces
Fig. 5.15 1+1 drop–insert with line, equipment and tributary (STM–1, E3/T3, Ethernet)protections
TIU
TSU
Block Diagram
STM–n
Tributaries– E1– E3– STM–1– Ethernet
– management– synchronization– ..................
Logical Diagram
STM–n
LIU–M
LIU –R
LIU–M
SMU–R
SMU–M
LIU–R
TIU
STM–n
STM–n
STM–n
STM–n
ADM–1
––––
–––
–
–
–1
TributaryInterfaces
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00428
5.3.3 Aggregate interface
ADM–1 supports electrical and optical SDH interfaces:
• electrical STM–1 according to ITU–T G.703
• optical STM–1 type I.1, S–1.1, L–1.1, L–1.2 according to ITU–T G.957
• optical STM–4 type I–4, S–4.1, L–4.1, L–4.2 according to ITU–T G.957 (4RU and 2RUversion only).
5.3.4 Tributary interfaces
The ADM–1 enables access to core networks through a broad choice of interfaces:
• 2048 kbit/s (E1) G.703 unbalanced (75 Ohm) or balanced (120 Ohm);
• 34/45 Mbit/s (E3/T3) G.703
• 155 Mbit/s (STM–1) electrical G.703
• 155 Mbit/s (STM–1) optical G.957 type I–1, S–1.1, L–1.1, L–1.2
• Ethernet 2x10/100BaseT + 1x100/1000BaseFx with integrated Layer 2 Ethernetswitch
• Ethernet 2x10/100BaseFx + 1x100/1000BaseFx with integrated Layer 2 Ethernetswitch
The equipment can be provided with different tributary units, yielding a very high level ofconfigurability and modularity. Maximum equipment capacity is indicated in the table below:
Tab. 5.2
Tributaryinterface
E1 STM–1 Ethernet E3/T3
Interfaces per tributary unit
16 2 3 3
Max n. of unit perapparatus
8 4 2 4 4 1 4 4 2 4 4 2
Max interfacesper apparatus
126 63 32 8 8 2 12 12 6 12 12 6
Mechanical layout 4RU 2RU 1RU 4RU 2RU 1RU 4RU 2RU 1RU 4RU 2RU 1RU
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
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ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 29
5.3.5 Equipment capacity
The features and characteristics related to the different versions are reported in the followingtable:
Tab. 5.3
Mechanical layout
4RU 2RU 1RU
Aggregate interfaces 4x STM1 or 4xSTM4 2xSTM1 or 2xSTM4 2xSTM1
Multiplexing capacity up to 2xSTM1 or up to 2xSTM4
up to 2xSTM1 or up to 2xSTM4
up to 2xSTM1
Tributary capacity up to 2xSTM1 or up to 2xSTM4
up to 2xSTM1 or up to 2xSTM4
up to 1xSTM1
5.3.6 Cross–connections
The following cross–connections are available:
• higher order, at VC4 path level, for STM4 application
• lower order, at VC12 and VC3 path level, for STM–1 and STM–4 applications.
The types of cross–connections are the following:
• aggregate to aggregate
• tributary to tributary
• aggregate to tributary.
In case of cross–connection between tributaries, they must be compleately configured, thatmeans they must be enabled with signal label set as “asynchronous”.
5.3.7 Protection schemes
Different automatic protections are implemented in the equipment in order to meet the followingredundancy requirements:
Network protection
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
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ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00430
• MSP (Multiplex Section Protection)
• SNCP (SubNetwork Connection Protection), on E–W aggregate streams
• 2 Mbit/s end to end traffic protection, between PDH and SDH rings.
In case of SIAE PDH/SDH interconnecting rings, protection is given to PDH ring byembedding the alarms from each framed/unframed 2 Mbit/s signal of the PDH path intothe ADM–1 VC12s belonging to the SDH ring.
In case of partially or non completely SIAE PDH/SDH interconnecting rings, PDHprotection is given by inserting between PDH/SDH meeting points two additionalADM–1 which embedded the alarms from the PDH ring, into the STM–1 frame. Thislatter is then propagated into the SDH ring through a 155 Mbit/s tributary interface.
Fig. 5.16 shows the two different applications.
• MS–SPRing (Multiple–Section – Shared Protection Ring), in case of STM–4 aggregatesignals.
Equipment protection
• SMU (SDH Multiplexing Unit), with SETS and cross–connect functionality inside 1
• tributary 1
• line
• power supply.
1. Available on 4RU version only
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 31
Fig. 5.16 PDH ring protection using SIAE equipment
ADM–1
SDH Ringusing SIAE ADMs
PDH Ring
PDHADM–1
ADM–1
ADM–1
ADM–1
ADM–1
PDH
PDH
PDH
PDH
2Mbit/s incoming streamMonitoring andalarm forcing on thePOH SDH bytes
SDH Ringusing existing ADMs
PDH Ring
PDHPDH
PDH
PDH
PDH
ADM–1
ADM–1
ADM
ADM
ADM
ADM
ADM
2 Mbit/s
2 Mbit/s
2 Mbit/s
2 Mbit/s
2 Mbit/s
2 Mbit/s
2 Mbit/s155 Mbit/s
2 Mbit/s
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
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ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00432
5.3.8 Monitoring and control
ADM–1 allows local and remote management thanks to an embedded SNMP agent. Dependingin network type and customer requirements, ADM equipment can be provided with two typesof protocol stacks: a “Full IP” stack or an “OSI+IP” stack. When implementing OSI+IP stacks,layers 1 to 3 comply with recommendations ITU–T Q.811, Q.812 and G.784.
Several software solutions for local and centralized management are available:
• LCT (Local Craft Terminal) for maintenance and line–up activities (MS Windows OS)
• SCT (Subnetwork Craft Terminal) for centralised management of up to 100 NEs (MSWindows OS)
• NMS5–LX (Element Manager) for centralised management of medium networks withup to 750 NEs per server (Linux OS)
• NMS5–UX (Element Manager) for centralised management of large networks with upto 2500 NEs per server (HP Unix OS and HP OpenView platform).
For a detailed description of SIAE supervision software platforms, please refer to the relativeproduct literature.
Fig. 5.17
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
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ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 33
5.3.9 Power supply
ADM–1 can be equipped with one or two PSU units, depending on the mechanical arrangement.
One power supply unit may satisfy the equipment complete power requirement, while the twopower supply units are in 1+1 redundance configuration, i.e. within the equipment the outputlines are OR–ed together.
Input voltage range and power consumption are indicated in the table below.
Tab. 5.4
Mechanicallayout
Input voltage Input current(max)
Power consumption(fully equipped)
4RU –48/–60 Vdc; –15 % +20% 1.25 A 50 Watts
2RU –48/–60 Vdc; –15% +20% 0.8 A 30 Watts
1RU –24 Vdc; –15% +20%–48/–60 Vdc; –15%+20%90 to 254 Vac, 50/60 Hz
1 A0.5 A0.4 A
20 Watts
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ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00434
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 35
6. EQUIPMENT TECHNICALSPECIFICATIONS
6.1 STANDARDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• ITU–T G.707 Network node interface for the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH)
• ITU–T G.782 Types and General Characteristics of Synchronous Digital Hierarchy(SDH) Multiplexing Equipment
• ITU–T G.783 Characteristics of synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) equipment functional block
• ITU–T G.784 Synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) management
• ITU–T G.703 Electrical characteristics of 2 Mbit/s, 34 Mbit/s, 155 Mbit/s aggregateinterfaces
• ITU–T G.826 Characteristics of performance monitoring statistics
• ITU–T G.957 Optical interfaces for equipment and systems relating to the synchronous digital hierarchy
• ITU–T G.958 Digital Line Systems Based on the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy forUse on Optical Fibre Cables
• ITU–T G.823 Jitter characteristics of the digital network
• ITU–T G.803 Architectures of the Transport Networks Based on the SDH
• ITU–T G.813 Timing characteristics of SDH equipment slave clocks (SEC)
• ITU–T G.825 The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are based on the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH)
• EN 300 132–2 Power supply interface at the input of telecommunication equipment
• EN 300 132–3 Power supply interface at the input of telecommunication equipment
• EN 300 019 Environmental conditions and environmental test for telecommunication equipment
• EN 300 119 European telecommunication standard for equipment practice
• EN 300 147 Transmission and Multiplexing Synchronous Digital Hierarchy Multiplexing Structure
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6
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
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ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00436
• EN 300 386 Electro–Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) requirements
• ITU–T G.742 2 Mbit/s interface transfer function
• ITU–T G.751 34 Mbit/s interface transfer function
• EN 300 417–6 Synchronisation
6.2 FRAME CHARACTERISTICS
• 155.520 Mbit/s (STM–1)622,080 Mbit/s (STM–4)
• STM–1 frame via multiplexing of three TUG–3and/or TU3 in a single AU4STM–4 frame via multiplexing of four AUG4
• VC–12/VC3 (STM–1)VC4 (STM–4)
6.3 STM–1 ELECTRICAL INTERFACE
Input side
• 155520 kbit/s ± 4.6 ppm
• CMI
• 75 ohm
• 1 Vpp ± 0.1 V
• ≥ 15 dB from 8 MHz to 240 MHz
• 12.7 dB at 78 MHz ( �� trend)
Output side
• 155520 kbit/s ±4.6 ppm
• 1 Vpp ± 0.1 V
• see mask of Figure 24 and 25 of CCITT Rec.G703
Speed rate
Frame structure
Cross–connect levels
Bit rate
Line code
Rated impedance
Rated level
Return loss
Max attenuation of the input cable
Bit rate
Rated level
Pulse shape
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
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ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 37
6.4 STM–1/STM–4 OPTICAL INTERFACE
The optical interface can be specialized for different applications, by simply equipping theSTM–1 (or STM–4) optical unit (LIU) with the appropriate pluggable transceiver (with LC opticalconnectors). Information about the presence/absence and type of transceiver is transferred tothe main controller. The characteristics of all the possible optical interfaces are summarized inthe following table:
Tab. 6.1
Interface Referen-ce
Launched
power(dBm)
Mini-mum
sensiti-vity
(dBm)
Operatingwave-length
Tran-scei-ver
Fiber Distance(km)
L–1.2 G.957 0 ... –5 –34 1480–1580 Laser Single-Mode
Up to 80
L–4–2 +2 ... –3 –28
L–1.1 G.957 0 ...–5 –34 1263–1360 Laser Single-Mode
Up to 40
L–4–1 +2 ... –3 –28 1280–1335
S–1.1 G.957 –8 ...–15 –28 1263–1360 Laser Single-Mode
Up to 15
S–4–1 –8 ... –15 –28 1274–1356
I–1 ANSI –14 ...–20 –28 1263–1360 LED MultiMo-de
Up to 2
I–4 G.957 –8 ...–15 –23
LIUs are provided with Automatic Laser Shutdown functionality as prescribed by ITU–T G.664Recommendation.
6.5 2 Mbit/s INTERFACE (E1)
Input side
• 2048 kbit/s ± 50 ppm
• HDB3
• 75 ohm or 120 ohm
• 2.37 Vp/75 Ohm or 3 Vp/120 Ohm
Bit rate
Line code
Rated impedance
Rated level
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00438
• 12 dB from 57 kHz to 102 kHz18 dB from 102 kHz to 2048 kHz14 dB from 2048 kHz to 3072 kHz
• 6 dB according to �� trend
• see mask in Table 2, CCITT Rec. G.823
• see mask in Figure 1, CCITT Rec. G742
• Rec. G.783 (Table 10.1 (4/97))
Output side
• 2048 kbit/s ± 50 ppm
• 75 Ohm or 120 Ohm
• 2.37 Vp/75 Ohm or 3 Vp/120 Ohm
• see mask in Figure 15, CCITT Rec. G.703
6.6 10/100/1000 Mbit/s ETHERNET INTERFACE
• 10 Mbit/s or 100 Mbit/s or 1 Gbit/s
• 290 Mbit/s max
• GFP
• Virtual concatenation: Nx VC12 or Nx VC3
• Rapid STP
• 100BaseFx or 1000BaseSx or 1000BaseLx
• LC
• 10BaseT or 100BaseT
•
Return loss
Max attenuation of the input cable
Accepted jitter
Transfer function
Output jitter
Bit rate
Rated impedance
Rated level
Pulse shape
Bit rate
WAN throughput
Frame
Concatenation
Bridge loop avoidance
Optical user interface
Optical connector
Electrical user interface
Electrical connector
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 39
Switch characteristics
Tab. 6.2
Parameter Value Notes
User ports (external) 3 Two: 10/100 + One: 100/1000
WAN ports (internal) 3 With a 290 Mbit/s total capacity
Mode Half/full duplexFull duplex
For 10/100 eletricalFixed for 100/1000 electrical
Address learning capacity 8K Globally for the switch
MAC aging time 0÷1 hour 15 sec steps software configurable
802.1Q VLANs Up to 4095 Software configurable
Port based VLAN Yes/Not Software configurable
Packet buffer memory 1 Mbit Globally for the switch
Max frame size 1632 Bytes Software configurable between stan-dard or extended
Ethernet output queue 4 Fixed
Weight queues Strictly/weighted Software configurable
QoS None/802.1p/TOS–DSCP Software configurable
Layer 2 flow control Yes/Not Software configurable
MDI/MDX (electrical) Yes/Not Software configurable
100BaseFx optical interface characteristics
• Multimode 50/125 µm or 62.5/125 µm
• Pluggable
• LC
• up to 2 km
• 1310 nm
• –14 ÷ –22 dBm
• –29 dBm
• –14 dBm
• 7 dB
• 100BaseFx as for IEEE 802.3
Fiber type
Transceiver type
Connector type
Operating distance
Optical center wavelength
Optical transmit power
Receive sensitivity
Average receive power max
Link power budget
Compliance
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00440
1000BaseSx optical interface characteristics
• Multimode 50/125 µm or 62.5/125 µm
• Pluggable
• LC
• up to 550 m (50/125 µm) or up to 300 m (62.5/125µm)
• 850 nm
• –2 ÷ –9.5 dBm
• –17 dBm
• 0 dBm
• 7.5 dB
• 1000BaseSx as for IEEE 802.3z
1000BaseLx optical interface characteristics
• Singlemode 9/125 µm
• Pluggable
• LC
• up to 10 km
• 1310 nm
• –3 ÷ –9.5 dBm
• –19 dBm
• –3 dBm
• 9.5 dB
• 1000BaseLx as for IEEE 802.3z
Fiber type
Transceiver type
Connector type
Operating distance
Optical center wavelength
Optical transmit power
Receive sensitivity
Average receive power max
Link power budget
Compliance
Fiber type
Transceiver type
Connector type
Operating distance
Optical center wavelength
Optical transmit power
Receive sensitivity
Average receive power max
Link power budget
Compliance
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 41
6.7 34/45 Mbit/s INTERFACE (T3, E3)
Input side
• 34368 kbit/s or 44736 kbit/s ± 20 ppm
• HDB3
• 75 Ohm
• 1.0 Vp/75 Ohm
• 12 dB from 860 kHz to 17200 kHz18 dB from 17200 kHz to 34368 kHz14 dB from 34368 kHz to 51550 kHz
• 12 dB at 17184 kHz according to �� trend
• see mask in Table 2, CCITT Rec. G.823
• see mask in Figure 2, CCITT Rec. G751
• 0.3 U.I from 0 Hz to 800 kHz0.05 U.I. from 10 kHz to 800 kHz
Output side
• 34368 kbit/s or 44736 kbit/s ± 20 ppm
• 75 Ohm
• 1.0 Vp/75 Ohm
• see mask in Figure 17, CCITT Rec. G.703
6.8 64 kbit/s CONTRA–DIRECTIONAL V.11 INTERFACE
• ± 100 ppm
• contra–directional
• clock and data on independent wire
• see Rec. CCITT V.11
Bit rate
Line code
Rated impedance
Rated level
Return loss
Max attenuation of the input cable
Accepted jitter
Transfer function
Output jitter
Bit rate
Rated impedance
Rated level
Pulse shape
Tolerance
Equipment side
Coding
Electrical interface
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00442
6.9 ALARM INTERFACE
User output
• normally open (NO) or normally closed (NC)
• 100 Mohm at 500 Vdc
• 0.5 Ohm
• 100 V
• 1 A
User input
• 200 Ohm resist. (max) referred to –6 V (min)
• 60 kohm (min) referred to +4 V (max)
6.10 NETWORK MANAGEMENT INTERFACE (NMI)
AUI interface
• 15 pin SUB–D
• with a branching cable and a transceiver toEthernet Thick coaxial cable or 10BaseT
• TCP/IP or OSI
10BaseT
• Ethernet Twisted Pair 802.3 10baseT
• RJ45
• direct with a CAT5 Twisted Pair
• TCP/IP or OSI
Relay contacts
Open contacts R min.
Closed contacts R max.
Switching voltage V max.
Switching current I max.
Equivalent circuit recognized as aclosed contact
Equivalent circuit recognized asan open contact
Connector
Connection to LAN
Protocol
LAN type
Connector
Connection to LAN
Protocol
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 43
10Base2
• Coax
• direct with standard coaxial cable
• TCP/IP or OSI
RS232 interface
• V.28
• 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600
• PPP
• Client, Automatic (IP Address assigned byequipment)
SCT interface
• V.28
• 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600
• PPP
• Automatic (IP Address assigned by equipment)
6.11 POWER SUPPLY
One or two power supplies can be inserted into the ADM–1 shelf depending on the mechanicalarrangement for duplicated or unduplicated powering.
Tab. 6.3
Mechanicallayout
Input voltage Input current(max)
Power consumption(fully equipped)
4RU –48/–60 Vdc; –15 % +20% 1.25 A 50 Watts
2RU –48/–60 Vdc; –15% +20% 0.8 A 30 Watts
1RU –24 Vdc; –15% +20%–48/–60 Vdc; –15%+20%90 to 254 Vac, 50/60 Hz
1 A0.5 A0.4 A
20 Watts
Connector
Connection to LAN
Protocol
Electrical interface
Asynchronous baud rate
Protocol
PPP mode
Electrical interface
Asynchronous baud rate
Protocol
PPP mode
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00444
6.12 MECHANICAL STRUCTURE
The equipment practice complies with EN 300 119–4 standards for mechanical and EMI/EMCspecifications. The equipment mechanical structure has the following dimensions:
Tab. 6.4
4RU 2RU 1RU
Height 160 mm 90 mm 44.4 mm
Width 480 mm 480 mm 480 mm
Depth 240 mm 240 mm 240 mm
Access to each unit in the shelf is possible from the front side. All connectors are placed on thefront of the relevant units.
6.13 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
The equipment is compliant with the following standards:
• Storage: EN 300 019–1–1, Class 1.2 (weatherprotected, partlytemperature–controlled location)
• Temperature range: –25° C to +55° C
• Transport: EN 300 019–1–2, Class 2.3 (public transportation)
• Temperature range: –40° C to +70° C
• Operation: EN 300 019–1–3, Class 3.2 (Partly temperature– controlled locations)
• Temperature range: –5° C to +45° C normalRel. humidity: less than 95%
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 45
7. EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION
7.1 GENERAL
The ADM–1 equipment can be configured for terminal, linear add–drop or ring add–dropapplications, in unprotected or protected configurations. All the configurations use the sameunits, only quantity can be different; this allow the user to expand easily and at any time thesystem from unprotected to protected configuration.
7.2 UNPROTECTED CONFIGURATIONS
7.2.1 4RU version
The following configurations are supported:
• 1+0 terminal multiplex with up to 63 E1 tributary interfaces. In the terminal version all channels are assigned to a single STM1/STM4 aggregate.The equipment of common parts is typical for a terminal MUX: one or two PSU, oneLIU, one SMU, a MCU. The ADM–1 can be equipped with many tributary interfaces,with a maximum of 63x2 Mbit/s.
• 1+0 double terminal multiplexer with up to 63 E1 tributary interfaces.In the double terminal version part of the channels are assigned to the West sideaggregate, part to the East side.The equipment of common parts is the same as in the 1+0 terminal multiplexer. TheADM–1 can be equipped with many tributary interfaces, with a maximum of63x2Mbit/s.
• 1+0 double terminal multiplexer with up to 126 E1 tributary interfaces.In the double terminal version part of the channels are assigned to the west sideaggregate, part to the East side.
ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
7
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00446
The equipment of common parts is the same as in the 1+0 terminal MUX with anadditional SMU (needed for the additional 2 Mbit/s terminations). The ADM can beequipped with many tributary interfaces, with a maximum of 126x2 Mbit/s.
• 1+0 drop–insert with up to 63 E1 tributary interfaces.In the repeater version, both direct digital transit of individual channels and local usewith the capability of extracting or inserting up to 63x2 Mbit/s channels are possible.The VC used in the frame can be chosen by software programming. The basic commonequipment is the same as in the 1+0 terminal MUX. The ADM–1 can be equipped withmany tributary interfaces, with a maximum of 63x2 Mbit/s.
• 1+0 drop–insert with up to 126 E1 tributary interfaces. In the repeater version, bothdirect digital transit of individual channels and local use with the capability of extractingor inserting up to 126x2Mbit/s channels are possible.The equipment of common parts is the same as in the 1+0 terminal MUX with anadditional SMU (needed for the additional 2Mbit/s terminations). The ADM–1 can beequipped with many tributary interfaces, with a maximum of 126x2Mbit/s.
The power supply can be duplicated in all the above mentioned configurations.
Fig. 7.10 shows the equipment general block diagram. It evidences the units described in theparagraph 7.7.
7.2.2 2RU version
The following configurations are supported:
• 1+0 terminal multiplex with up to 63 E1 tributary interfaces. In the terminal version all channels are assigned to a single STM1/STM4 aggregate.The equipment of common parts is typical for a terminal MUX: one or two PSU, oneLIU, one SMU, a MCU. The ADM–1 can be equipped with many tributary interfaces,with a maximum of 63x2 Mbit/s.
• 1+0 double terminal multiplexer with up to 63 E1 tributary interfaces.In the double terminal version part of the channels are assigned to the West sideaggregate, part to the East side.The equipment of common parts is the same as in the 1+0 terminal multiplexer. TheADM–1 can be equipped with many tributary interfaces, with a maximum of63x2Mbit/s.
• 1+0 drop–insert with up to 63 E1 tributary interfaces.In the repeater version, both direct digital transit of individual channels and local usewith the capability of extracting or inserting up to 63x2 Mbit/s channels are possible.The VC used in the frame can be chosen by software programming. The basic commonequipment is the same as in the 1+0 terminal MUX. The ADM–1 can be equipped withmany tributary interfaces, with a maximum of 63x2 Mbit/s.
The power supply can be duplicated in all the above mentioned configurations.
Fig. 7.11 shows the equipment general block diagram. It evidences the units described on theparagraph 7.7.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 47
7.2.3 1RU version
The following configurations are supported:
• 1+0 terminal multiplex with up to 32 E1 tributary interfaces.In the terminal version all channels are assigned to a single STM1 aggregate. Theequipment of common ports is typical for a terminal MUX: one PSU, one LIU, oneSMCU. The ADM–1 can be equipped with many tributary interfaces, with a maximumof 32x2 Mbit/s.
• 1+0 double terminal multiplexer with up to 32 E1 tributary interfaces.In the double terminal version part of the channels are assigned to the West sideaggregate, part to the East side.The equipment of common parts is the same as in the 1+0 terminal multiplexer. TheADM–1 can be equipped with many tributary interfaces, with a maximum of 32x2Mbit/s.
Fig. 7.12 shows the equipment general block diagram. It evidences the units described on theparagraph 7.7.
7.3 EQUIPMENT PROTECTED CONFIGURATIONS
7.3.1 4RU version
The equipment can be partially or fully protected by duplicating the LIU, the SMU, the PSU andthe tributary units. For the tributary protection please also refer to 7.5.
The following configurations are supported:
• 1+1 terminal multiplexer with line protection.The line protection is obtained by using the second interface (East) of the same LIU.The equipment of common parts is the same as in the 1+0 terminal multiplexer, but withthe two LIU interfaces enabled. The ADM–1 can be equipped with many tributaryinterfaces, with a maximum of 63x2 Mbit/s.
• 1+1 terminal multiplexer with line and equipment protection.This kind of protection requires the use of two LIU and two SMU units. The equipmentcan work with a maximum of 63x2 Mbit/s in protected configuration. Other types oftributaries can be used in unprotected or “simple unit redundancy” configuration
• 1+1 terminal multiplexer with line, equipment and tributary protection.This kind of protection requires the same configuration as for the “1+1 terminalmultiplexer with line and equipment protection” with the addition of a TSU switch forthe STM–1, E3/T3, Ethernet tributaries. The 2 Mbit/s tributaries are protected (max.63) without the need of a TSU switch.The STM–1, E3/T3, Ethernet tributaries can be protected in “unit redundancy withswitch” type.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00448
• 1+1 drop–insert with line protection.This kind of protection requires the use of two LIU and one SMU unit. The ADM–1 canbe equipped with many tributary interfaces, with a maximum of 63x2 Mbit/s.
• 1+1 drop–insert with line and equipment protection.This kind of protection requires the use of two LIU and two SMU units. The equipmentcan work with a maximum of 63x2 Mbit/s in protected configuration. Other types oftributaries can be used in unprotected or “simple unit redundancy” configuration
• 1+1 drop–insert with line, equipment and tributary protection.The kind of protection requires the same configurations as for the “1+1 drop–insert withline and equipment protection” with the addition of a TSU switch for the STM–1, E3/T3,Ethernet tributaries. The 2 Mbit/s tributaries are protected (max. 63) without the needof a TSU switch.The STM–1, E3/T3, Ethernet tributaries can be protected in “unit redundancy withswitch” type.
The power supply can be duplicated in all the above mentioned configurations. Fig. 7.13 showsthe fully protected configuration with 63x2 Mbit/s tributaries (1+1 terminal or drop–insertmultiplexer with line, equipment and tributary protection).
7.3.2 2RU version
The following configuration is supported:
• 1+1 terminal multiplexer with line protection.The line protection is obtained by using the second interface (east) of the same LIU.The equipment of common parts is the same as in the 1+0 terminal multiplexer. but withthe two LIU interfaces enabled. The ADM–1 can be equipped with many tributaryinterfaces, with a maximum of 63x2 Mbit/s.The power supply can be duplicated.
7.3.3 1RU version
The following configuration is supported:
• 1+1 terminal multiplexer with line protection.The line protection is obtained by using the second interface (east) of the same LIU.The equipment of common partes is the same as in the 1+0 terminal multiplexer, butwith the two LIU interfaces enabled. The ADM–1 can be equipped with many tributaryinterfaces, with a maximum of 32x2 Mbit/s.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 49
7.4 NETWORK PROTECTED CONFIGURATIONS
The following automatic protections are implemented in order to meet network redundancyrequirements:
• MSP (1+1 equipment configuration is required)
• SNCP (Subnetwork Connection Protection), on E–W aggregate streams
• 2 Mbit/s end to end traffic protection between PDH and SDH
• MS–SPR, in case of STM–4 aggregate signal.
7.4.1 2 Mbit/s end to end traffic protection between PDH and SDH rings
As introduced in chapter 5.2 and relevant Fig. 5.2, the equipment provides protection to 2 Mbit/send to end traffic between PDH and SDH rings.
As shown in Fig. 7.1 the performances of each 2 Mbit/s tributary signal coming from the PDHpath and entering into the SDH ring is monitored at the SMU unit input. In case of 2 Mbit/s troublethe relevant generated alarm signals are embedded in the VC12 POH and then into the STM–1frame. This action permits to enable the SNCP protection at SDH ring end by switching theVC12s.
Fig. 7.2 shows the 2 Mbit/s alarms details, SDH consequent action, and alarm/switchingactivation time.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00450
Fig. 7.1 2 Mbit/s monitoring and alarm insertion
ST
M–1
inte
rfac
e
PPIPlesiochronous
Physical Interface
LPALower order
Path Adaptation
LPTLower order
Path Termination
2 Mbit/s alignmentand monitor
To alarminterface
ST
M–1
inte
rfac
e
SDH multiplexing
functions
2 Mbit/stributaryinput #1
2 Mbit/stributaryinput #n
2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s Alarms SDH consequent actions PDH+SDH alarmactivation time
2 Mbit/sG.704Framed
CRC Error Parity errors forced on the POH(BIP–2 of the V5 byte)
SDH BER Threshold dependent
BER 10–6 (CRC4/G.704) TU–AIS (optional) 10 sec
Loss of Signal (LOS)Loss of Frame (LOF)Received AIS
TU–AIS(All “1” forced in the wholeTU–12, including the TU–12Pointer)
≤1,5 msec
2 Mbit/s unframed
Loss of Signal (LOS)Received AIS
TU–AIS(All “1” in the whole TU–12, inclu-ding the TU–12 Pointer)
≤1,5 msec
Fig. 7.2 2 Mbit/s alarm monitoring and consequent SDH action
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 51
7.5 REDUNDANCY OF TRIBUTARY INTERFACE UNITS
The ADM–1 provides equipment protection also to the tributary interface units (see Fig. 7.9):
• Protection for E1 tributary
This protection is available on 4RU version only.
The redundancy is achieved by duplicating the SMU unit; a switch on the TIU unitselects the E1 tributary traffic from the two SMU units according to unit status andnetworks alarms.
Fig. 7.3
TIU
SMU – R
SMU – M
Tributary(only E1)
Aggregate
Aggregate
• Protection for STM–1, E3/T3 and Ethernet tributaries
Two types of protection are foreseen:
– Simple unit redundancy: this protection is available in all the RU versions. Full unitduplication (including physical interfaces with connectors) is achieved. The twounits work independently. The cross–connect (within the SMU/SMCU) selects theactive unit according to unit status and network alarms.
Fig. 7.4
TIUSMU
TIU
Tributary
TributaryAggregate
SMCU
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00452
– Unit redundancy with switch: This protection is available on 4RU version only. Thetwo tributary interface units in redundancy are connected through a switch (TSU– Tributary Switching Unit) that selects the tributary traffic from the two unitsaccording to unit status and network alarms.
Fig. 7.5
TSU
TIUSMU
TIU
TributaryAggregate
7.5.1 Equipment of tributary units slots (for 4RU version only)
See Fig. 7.9.
The first four TIU slots can house E1 tributaries only. The last four slots can instead be equippedwith any TIU type (i.e. E1, E3/T3, STM–1 and Ethernet) enabling any mixture of interfaces. Thenext figures show some examples of possible configurations.
• 126xE1 unprotected configuration
Fig. 7.6
TIU(E1)
TIU(E1)
TIU(E1)
TIU(E1)
TIU(E1)
TIU(E1)
TIU(E1)
TIU(E1)
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 53
• 63xE1 protected (unprotected in case of a single SMU) + 3x10/100BaseT + 3xE3 +2xSTM–1 (with TIU protection) configuration
Fig. 7.7
Simple Unit Redundancy
TU(E1)
TU(E1)
TU(E1)
TU(E1)
TU cove
r
cove
r
cove
r
(Eth
) TU
(E3) TU
(ST
M–1)
TU
(ST
M–1)
TIU(E1)
TIU(E1)
TIU(E1)
TIU(E1)
TIU cover
cover
cover
cover
(Eth
) TIU
(E3)
TIU(ST
M
–1)
TIU(ST
M
–1)
– 48xE1 + 3x10/100BaseT (with TIU protection) and 2xSTM–1 (with TIU protection)configuration
Fig. 7.8
Unit Redundancy with Switch
TU(E1)
TU(E1)
TU(E1)
cove
r
TU TSU
cove
r
TSU cove
r
(Eth
) TU
(Eth
) TU
(ST
M–1)
TU
(ST
M–1)
TIU(E1)
TIU(E1)
TIU(E1)
cover
TIU
TS
U
cover
TS
U
cover
(Eth)
TIU(Eth)
TIU TIU(ST
M
–1)
(ST
M
–1)
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00454
Fig. 7.9 Redundancy of tributary units
TIU TIU TIU TIU PSUM PSU–R
SMU–M SMU–R
MCU LIU– M LIU–R
MIUTIU TIU TIU TIU
TIU TIU TIU TIU TIU TIU TIU TIU TIU TIU TIU TIU
TSUCover Cover CoverCover CoverCover
E1 Tributary in 1+0 configurationfor expansion from 64 to 126
E3/T3 or STM1 or Ethernet Tributaryin 1+0 configuration or
”Simple Unit Redundancy”
E3/T3 or STM1 or Ethernet TributaryIn ”Unit Redundancy configuration
TU TU TU TU PSU–M PSU–R
SMU–M
M SMU–R
MCU LIU–M LIU–R
MIUTU TU TU TU
Up to 63 E1 Tributary in 1+0 or ” Redundancy configuration”
TIU TIU TIU TIUTIU TIU TIU TIU
–
with switch”
switchTSUswitch
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 55
7.6 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
Fig. 7.10 to Fig. 7.13 show the block diagram of the different ADM–1 equipment version. Theyevidence the units below described.
7.6.1 LIU (Line Interface Unit)
This unit provides two aggregate interfaces, East/West sides, to the STM–1/STM–4 signal. TheSPI may be electrical or optical in alternative.
7.6.2 SMU (SDH Multiplexing Unit)
This unit provides the following:
• STM–1 mapping/demapping as per G.707 Recc.
• Cross–connection for virtual containers VC12 and VC3:
– from direction E/W to direction W/E
– from the tributary lines to E/W direction and viceversa
– from tributary lines to tributary lines
The maximum cross–connection capability is 12xSTM1.
• The timing to all the equipment functional blocks by selecting four possible externalsynchronisation sources.Hold–over and free running modes are also available according to Recs. G.810/G.813.
7.6.3 MCU (Main Control Unit)
This unit provides monitoring and controls of all equipment functional blocks. The man–machinedialogue is performed through the SCT/LCT or NMS5UX managers. In addition the controllerprovides:
• a 64 kbit/s service channel, transmitted over the F1 byte of the STM1 frame.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00456
7.6.4 SMCU (SDH Multiplexing and Control Unit)
This unit provides the following:
• STM–1 mapping/demapping as per G.707 Recc.
• Cross–connection for virtual containers VC12 and VC3:
– from direction E/W to direction W/E
– from the tributary lines to E/W direction and viceversa
– from tributary lines to tributary lines
The maximum cross–connection capability is 12xSTM1.
• The timing to all the equipment functional blocks by selecting four possible externalsynchronisation sources.Hold–over and free running modes are also available according to Recs. G.810/G.813.
• Monitoring and controls of all equipment functional blocks. The man–machine dialogueis performed through the SCT/LCT or NMS5UX managers,In addition the controller provides a 64 kbit/s service channel transmitted over the F1byte of the STM1 frame.
7.6.5 TIU (Tributary Interface Unit)
The equipment can be equipped with different tributary interface types:
• 2 Mbit/s tributary interface (E1): each unit can provide up to sixteen 2 Mbit/s interface.The tributary impedance is 75 Ohms or 120 Ohms
• 3x34/45 Mbit/s tributary interface (T3, E3), G.703
• 2xSTM–1 G.703 electrical or G.957 optical
• Ethernet 2x10/100BaseT + 1x100BaseFx/1000BaseSx or Lx
• Ethernet 2x100BaseFx + 1x100BaseFx/1000BaseSx or Lx
7.6.6 PSU (Power Supply Unit)
Different units process the DC battery or AC (1RU version only) input in order to supply theequipment with the required supply voltages. The unit for the 2RU and 4RU versions can beduplicated for higher reliability.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 57
Fig. 7.10 ADM–1 4RU version general block diagram (1+0 unprotected configuration)
Agg
rega
tein
terf
ace
SD
HG
.707
map
ping
Agg
rega
tein
terf
ace
SD
HG
.707
map
ping
SD
HG
.707
map
ping
Up
to 6
3x2
Mbi
t/str
ibut
ary
inte
rfac
e
SE
TS
ST
M–1
inte
rfac
e
Mai
nco
ntro
ller
Ext
erna
ltim
ing
up to
63x
2 M
bit/s
1555
20 k
bit/s
Man
agem
ent
& m
onito
ring
LAN
/RS
232
supe
rvis
ion
port
s
In/o
utal
arm
s
ST
M–1
/4ea
st
ST
M–1
/4w
est
Equ
ipm
ent
supp
ly
addi
tiona
l up
to 6
3x2
Mbi
t/s
Eth
erne
tin
terf
ace
Eth
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t/s
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00458
Fig. 7.11 ADM–1 2RU version general block diagram (1+0 unprotected configuration)
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terf
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bit/s
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64 k
bit/s
V11
serv
ice
chan
nel
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 59
Fig. 7.12 ADM–1 1RU version general block diagram (1+0 unprotected configuration)
Agg
rega
tein
terf
ace
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ac
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00460
Fig. 7.13 ADM–1, 4RU version, equipment full protection (63x2 Mbit/s version)
2 M
bit/s
PP
I&
G.7
03pr
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U–M
E1 E2
2 M
bit/s
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t AO
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M4
links
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 61
7.7 UNIT DESCRIPTION
Herebelow the block diagram of the units the equipment consists of are supplied. The signal pathfrom the STM–1 aggregate lines to the tributary lines and viceversa is indicated.
7.7.1 LIU (Line Interface Unit)
Refer to block diagram of Fig. 7.33.
The line STM–1 interfacing is performed through a synchronous physical interface (SPI) circuit.
Electrical version
At the receive side (West or East) the SPI interfaces the STM–1 signal then performing:
• clock extraction from CMI decoding
• code conversion from CMI to NRZ format
• input cable loss compensation up to 13 dB
The hybrid that follows supplies the two SMU units in case of SMU unit duplication.
At the transmit side it receives 155520 kbit/s signal and performs the code conversion fromNRZ to CMI format according to G.703 Recommendation.
The LIU is provided with a switch, controlled by the controller unit, for selection of the signalcoming from the two SMU units.
Optical version
It interfaces the fibre cables through optical transmitter and receiver.
At the receive side a PIN diode extracts the data at 155520 kbit/s rate in NRZ format. Thecircuits that follow are the same of electrical version.
At the transmit side the data at 155520 kbit/s rate in NRZ format is passed for modulation tothe optical transmitter.
The card uses a pluggable laser module that can be changed without extracting the card. Thecontroller card detects if a laser module is changed and updates the system. The types ofsupported laser module are listed in Tab. 6.1.
Fig. 7.14
W E
LOS LED WEST SIDE
OUT IN OUT INLOS LED
EAST SIDE
LOS LED: when ON a loss of incoming signal is detected
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00462
Fig. 7.15
ON
LASERMODULES
LOSON
LOS
TX LEDACTIVE
LOS LEDWEST SIDE
TX LEDACTIVE
LOS LEDEAST SIDE
LOS LED: when ON a loss of incoming signal is detectedTX LED ACTIVE: when ON the Tx laser is active
W E
7.7.2 SMU (SDH Multiplexing Unit)
The SMU unit consists of the blocks shown by the block diagram of Fig. 7.34.It performs themultiplexing structure from STM–1 to tributary and viceversa.
A brief overview of the main functions will follow.
Fig. 7.34 shows the SMU unit in drop/insert configuration.
Fig. 7.16
ACT
TX LEDACTIVE
LED CARDFAIL
SYNC 2 MHz OUTSYNC 2 MHz IN
2 M
LED CARD FAIL: when ON the card has a major alarmLED ACTIVE STATUS: when ON the card is active
MST + RST
At the receive side an aligner circuit searches from the incoming signal the bytes A1 and A2for alignment. If the correct alignment is achieved, then a frame aligned timing circuit permitsto extract all the RST and MST bytes of the SOH. After descrambling the content of some byteis then sent to main controller for processing and for displaying by the SCT program whenconnected. At the output of MST+RST block, the Administrative Unit (AU) is passed to the MSAsection passing through a switch for signal selection from West (East) lines.
At the transmit side the AU payload from the MSA section is added with MST and RST bytesthus generating the STM–1 signal.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 63
The byte allocation is made by using a frame timing derived from a local clock locked to theSETS. SOH content is shown in Fig. 7.45.
The STM–1 signal, after duplication, is then sent to the West (East) lines passing through theLIUs.
MSA (Multiplex Section Adaptation)
At the receive side this section extracts VC4 from AU4 and viceversa at the transmit sideterminating/inserting the AU pointers.
The pointers permit a flexible allocation to VC–4 within AU–4 regarding possiblephase/frequency fluctuation of the payload with respect to transport module (see Fig. 7.47). Thepointer occupies the STM–1 nine first bytes of the fourth row.
Pointer value permits always to locate the VC–4 start (byte J1 of POH) and recovery possiblephase/frequency variation between AU–4 and VC–4.
Positive stuffing is made if VC–4 bit rate is lower than AU4; negative stuffing if on the contrary(see Fig. 7.48).
In the first case the first three bytes following the pointer are used; in the second the last threepointer bytes are dedicated to the negative justification.
Stuffing operation is followed by pointer value updating (incremented or decremented) throughinversion of some bytes of pointer word.
HPT (High Path Termination)
This section terminates/inserts the VC4 POH thus extracting C4/generating VC4.
The POH acts as path trace identifier, error monitor, payload identifier and remote alarmindicator.
See Fig. 7.49 for VC4 POH content.
HPA (High Path Adaptation)
This section performs the following:
• mapping/demapping from C4 to TU12 and viceversa passing through TUG–2 TUG–3structure as shown in Fig. 7.50 and Fig. 7.51.
• alignment of TU12 WEST/EAST sides in the same temporal position
• permits adaptation of any VC12 embedded into the STM–1 from one side to the otherthrough TU–12 pointer mechanism (see Fig. 7.52).
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00464
LPC (Lower Order Path Connection)
It permits the VC12s within STM–1 East/West to be:
• cross connected from one side to the other in any position of STM–1
• locally terminated at any tributary interface.
LPT (Low Path Termination)
At the receive side it extracts the C12 container by terminating the POH while at transmit sideperforms opposite operation.
The POH acts as low path trace identifier, error monitor, payload identifier and remote alarmindicator.
Fig. 7.54 shows the POH content (byte V5).
LPA (Low Path Adaptation)
This section permits to map (demap) an asynchronous 2048 kbit/s into (from) the C12 container.
Justification bits are included in order to perform adaptation of the external clock with the internalone.
The generated frame consists of 140 bytes with a period of 500 µs as shown in Fig. 7.53.
PPI (Plesiochronius Physical Interface)
It interfaces the 2 Mbit/s input/output signal adapting the HDB3 line code with the NRZequipment code and viceversa.
SETS
The synchronisation equipment timing source circuit supplies the reference for timing theequipment circuitry.
Fig. 7.36 shows the synchronisation block diagram.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 65
7.7.3 2 Mbit/s (E1) tributary interface unit
This unit can interface up to sixteen 2 Mbit/s tributary lines. Further units can be added until themaximum capacity is reached. As shown in Fig. 7.37 it consists of a level adapter from HDB3to NRZ/TTL and viceversa.
In case of ADM–1 4RU version with SMU unit protection, an hybrid duplicates the signal attransmit side whereas a switch selects the best signal from the two SMU units.
Fig. 7.17
Tributary 2 Mbit/s 120 Ohm
Tributary 2 Mbit/s 75 Ohm
Output
Input
11
12 16 12
1116
119–12
1–4
13–16
5–8
7.7.4 155 Mbit/s (STM1) tributary interface unit
The unit interfaces two STM1 tributary lines. Further units can be added until the maximumcapacity is reached. The STM1 interface can be electrical or optical, depending on the equippedunit. Refer to block diagram of Fig. 7.35 for the following description.
SPI
Electrical version
At the receive side (A or B) the SPI interfaces the STM–1 signal then performing:
• clock extraction from CMI decoding
• code conversion from CMI to NRZ format
• input cable loss compensation up to 13 dB
At the transmit side it receives 155520 kbit/s signal and performs the code conversion fromNRZ to CMI format according to G.703 Recommendation.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00466
Optical version
It interfaces the fibre cables through optical transmitter and receiver.
At the receive side a PIN diode extracts the data at 155520 kbit/s rate in NRZ format. Thecircuits that follow are the same of electrical version.
At the transmit side the data at 155520 kbit/s rate in NRZ format is passed for modulation tothe optical transmitter.
The card uses a pluggable laser module that can be changed without extracting the card. Thecontroller card detects if a laser module is changed and updates the system. The types ofsupported laser module are listed in Tab. 6.1.
By SW programming it is possible to disable the SPI of the tributary unit, connecting the STM1signals to the SPI placed on the TSU unit.
In this case the SPI interface can be electrical or optical depending on the proper TSU.
Fig. 7.18 Frontal view
V.1
1LOS
LOS
A B
C36073
OUT
V11 service channel
Side AIN
Side BINOUT
C36074
LOS
A V.1
1
B
LOS
ON
ON
V11 service channel
Side BINOUT
Side AIN OUT
LED LOS: when ON a loss of incoming signal is detected
LED ON: when ON the Tx Laser is active
Class 1 Laser Product
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 67
MST + RST
At the receive side an aligner circuit searches from the incoming signal the bytes A1 and A2for alignment. If the correct alignment is achieved, then a frame aligned timing circuit permitsto extract all the RST and MST bytes of the SOH. After descrambling the content of some byteis then sent to main controller for processing and for displaying by the SCT program whenconnected.
At the transmit side the AU payload from the MSA section is added with MST and RST bytesthus generating the STM–1 signal.
The byte allocation is made by using a frame timing derived from a local clock locked to theSETS. SOH content is shown in Fig. 7.45.
The STM–1 signal is then sent to the A (B) lines passing through the SPIs.
MSA (Multiplex Section Adaptation)
At the receive side this section extracts VC4 from AU4 and viceversa at the transmit sideterminating/inserting the AU pointers.
The pointers permit a flexible allocation to VC–4 within AU–4 regarding possiblephase/frequency fluctuation of the payload with respect to transport module (see Fig. 7.47). Thepointer occupies the STM–1 nine first bytes of the fourth row.
Pointer value permits always to locate the VC–4 start (byte J1 of POH) and recovery possiblephase/frequency variation between AU–4 and VC–4.
Positive stuffing is made if VC–4 bit rate is lower than AU4; negative stuffing if on the contrary(see Fig. 7.48).
In the first case the first three bytes following the pointer are used; in the second the last threepointer bytes are dedicated to the negative justification.
Stuffing operation is followed by pointer value updating (incremented or decremented) throughinversion of some bytes of pointer word.
HPT (High Path Termination)
This section terminates/inserts the VC4 POH thus extracting C4/generating VC4.
The POH acts as path trace identifier, error monitor, payload identifier and remote alarmindicator.
See Fig. 7.49 for VC4 POH content.
HPA (High Path Adaptation)
This section performs the following:
• mapping/demapping from C4 to TU12 and viceversa passing through TUG–2 TUG–3structure as shown in Fig. 7.50 and Fig. 7.51.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00468
• alignment of TU12 A/B sides in the same temporal position
• permits adaptation of any VC12 embedded into the STM–1 from one side to the otherthrough TU–12 pointer mechanism (see Fig. 7.52).
Bus interface
This section interfaces the A and B signals, adapting the internal bus of the unit to thecross–connect bus inside the SMU (SMCU) unit.
V11 service channel
This section permits to map (demap) a V.11 64 kbit/s service channel into (from) the F1 bytes.
By SW programming the service channel can be connected to the A or B channel.
7.7.5 34/45 (E3/T3) tributary interface unit
The unit terminates three T3 or E3 bidirectional tributaries, at 34/45 Mbit/s. The line interfaceis at 75 Ohm, realized by 1.0/2.3 connectors. Through software programming, it is possible:
• to configure each single interface to operate at 34 Mbit/s or at 45 Mbit/s
• to assign the channel to one of the VC3s of the SDH frame. The multiplexing schemeis depicted in Fig.2.
More units can be inserted into the subrack, up to reach the maximum foreseen capacity. Onthe frontal panel, the LOS alarm points out, for each channel, the absence of the input signal.
Fig. 7.19
C36079LOS
A B C
CHANNEL 1 CHANNEL 2 CHANNEL 3
7.7.5.1 Functional Description
For the SDH transport, mapping is foreseen on the single VC3s. A block diagram of the unit isreported in Fig. 7.21; it highlights the following functional blocks:
Relay
It implements all the switching functions between the tributary unit and the Switch unit.
LIU
LIU contains all the circuits that interface the three E3 and/or T3 lines. In transmission, itgenerates the signal at 34.368 or at 44.736 Mbit/s to send to the line. An internal monitoringcircuit provides to raise an alarm in case of transmission fault.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 69
In reception, it regenerates the clock and the data of the HDB3 or B3ZS signal in input. An
embedded AGC circuit allows getting an attenuation equal to 6dB and 12 db �� . An internalmonitoring circuit provides to raise an alarm in case of LOS or errors on the input signal.
Mapper
The device maps the three E3/T3 circuits into the TUG3 of the SDH frame. The three interfacescan be of uniform (E3/T3) or mixed type.
This block adapts the E3/T3 user traffic to the transport in the synchronous network, providinga justifying process in the correspondent VC3s.
Bus Interface
It allows adapting the frame format to that foreseen by the SMU unit.
Microprocessor Interface
All the functions of unit management and configuration are charged to this block.
Fig. 7.20 Multiplexing structure
VC–3
VC–12
C–3
C–12
TU–3
TU–12
VC–4AU–4
TUG–3
TUG–2
AUG
34368 Kbit/s : E3
44736 Kbit/s : T3
2048 Kbit/s : E1
STM–N
Pointer processing
Multiplexing
Aligning
Mapping
Container (C)Virtual Container (VC)Tributary Unit (TU)
Tributary Unit Group (TUG)Administrative Unit (AU)Administrative Unit Group (AUG)
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00470
Fig. 7.21 E3–T3 unit block diagram
To SMU MMapper+
PLL
BusInterfaceTras
Tras
TrasLIU+
TX ClockExtractor
Relè
Relè
Relè
MicroprocessorInterface
To TSU
XO
3 x E3/T3G703
75ohm
InputOutput
InterfacesTo SMU R
To MCU
7.7.6 Ethernet tributary unit interface
This unit terminates three Ethernet tributaries, which, depending on the equipped unit, can beof type:
• 2x10/100BaseT + 1x100 Base FX or 1000 Base SX/LX 2 (Fig. 7.22)
• 2x100BaseFX + 1x100 Base FX or 1000 Base SX/LX 2 (Fig. 7.23)More units can be inserted into the subrack, up to the reaching of the maximum foreseencapacity.
In case of optical equipping, the LEDs or the lasers are of Class1.
The functionality is typical of a transparent bridge, operating at level 2 (link layer) of the OSIstandard with:
• Management of the QoS (Quality of Service) at level 2 with consequent proprietarymanagement of the queues
• Flow control
• Access to the carrier through examination of the physical address (MAC)
• VLAN (Virtual LAN), where different LANs can share the carrier maintaining areciprocal independence
• Management of the Spanning Tree protocol, which allows routing the packets withinthe SDH ring, avoiding spurious network loops.
The unit can accept Ethernet frames with standard length (up to 1536 bytes). As regards theSDH transport, the embedding into the GFP–F frame is foreseen, with the possibility to multiplex
2. The 100 or 1000 operation is achieved programming the unit for the wished modalityand equipping the same unit with the proper optical transceiver (100FX or 1000SX orLX)
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 71
the traffic on one or more concatenated VC12s and/or VC3s. Up to three virtual concatenationsare foreseen, is such a way to create independent paths within the network. A differentconcatenation can be associated to each port with variable transport capacity, with a maximumthroughput on WAN side (internal) of 290,304 Mbit/s per unit.The distribution of the traffic over the different VCs can be configured by the user via SWprogramming.
Fig. 7.22 2x10/100BaseT + 1x100BaseFx or 1000BaseSx/Lx unit
C36068
OUT IN
DPLX
Link/ACT100/1000Bx 10/100BaseT 10/100BaseT
Ch 1 Ch 2 Ch 3
Fig. 7.23 2x100BaseFx + 1x100BaseFx or 1000BaseSx/Lx unit
C36069
OUT IN OUT INOUT IN
DPLX
Link/ACT100/1000Bx 100BASEFX 100BASEFX
Ch 1 Ch 2 Ch 3
Functional description
The development foresees the treatment at level 2, “transparent bridge” type, of the packettraffic.
The three Ethernet access interfaces are connected to an internal switch of level 2 that providesto send the traffic in the different directions depending on the MAC Address.
The Ethernet packet, before being sent to the wished VCs, is embedded into a GFP–F frame.
For the SDH transport, the mapping is foreseen on the single VC12s and VC3s, or onconcatenated VCs, with the possibility to create up to a maximum of 3 concatenations per unit.
A block diagram of the unit is reported in Fig. 7.24; it highlights the following functional mainblocks:
Electrical Interface
The electrical interface is in compliance with 802.3 standard and foresees, depending on therealization, two or three RJ45 connectors on the front panel.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00472
Optical Interface
The optical interface is achieved equipping the proper unit with a LED or laser transceiver, ofpluggable type, with a LC type connector. The equipment controller provides to the user theinformation about the presence/absence/type of the transceiver.
Relay
It implements all the switching features between the tributary unit and the Switch unit.
Level 2 Switch
The switch realizes all the switching functions at level 2 between the 10/100 and 1000 Mbpsinput ports, the three internal ones and that devoted to the switch with the CPU of the BPDUsignal relevant to the Spanning Tree (RapidSTP).The switch supports the following standards:
• IEEE 802.3 relevant to LAN interfaces
• IEEE 802.1Q relevant to VLAN tagging, up to a maximum of 4096 local VLANs
• IEEE 802.1p for the priority management
• IEEE 802.3x for the flow controlIt can recognize up to 4096 different MAC Addresses, manages 4096 VLANs and provides theHW support to the CPU for the management of the Spanning Tree protocol.
The Quality of Service (QoS) is managed both at level 2 and at level 3, addressing the incomingpackets on four queues per port. The packets are queued on the chosen queue analyzing the3 bits foreseen by the Ethernet tag IEEE 802.1, or observing the bits contained in theType–of–Service field of the IP header.
MII/GMII interface and GFP frame
The module adapts the MII interface of the switch to the internal interface; the packet traffic,before being loaded on the relevant VCs, is embedded according to the GFP–F standard, whichsupports the multilink transport.
VC3 or VC12 Ethernet mapper
The module maps the traffic over the single VC12s or VC3s or concatenated VCs. Up to threevirtual concatenations are foreseen, is such a way to create independent paths within thenetwork. A different concatenation can be associated to each port with variable transportcapacity, with a maximum throughput on WAN side (internal) of 290,304 Mbit/s per unit.
Bus Interface
It allows adapting the frame format to that foreseen by the SMU unit.
Micro Interface
All the functions of unit management and configuration are charged to this block.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 73
Microprocessor
All the functions of dynamic management of the Spanning Tree are charged to this block. It isprovided with a Dual Port Ram for the interconnection towards the central Micro.
RAM
Memory suitable to recover the delay among the different VCs of the same concatenation andallow the reconstruction of the original sequence of the Ethernet packets.
Fig. 7.24 Figure Block diagram of the 2x10/100BaseT + 1x100/1000 BaseFX Ethernettributary unit
To SMU–MMII/GMIIinterfaceandGFPFramer
BusInterface
ElectricalInterface
To MCU
RAMFLASH
VC3 orVC12
Ethernetmapper
RAM
OpticalTransceiver
100 FX or1000 SX/LX
100B T
To SMU–N
Dual PortRam
ElectricalInterface
MicroprocessorInterface
100B T
Relè
Layer 2SWITCH
To TSU
µProcessor
7.7.7 MCU (Main Controller Unit)
This unit mainly consists of a main controller type MPC860 (see Fig. 7.38) that interacts withthe equipment boards and management ports.
The activities executed by the main controller are the following:
• Communication management: it makes use of SNMP as management protocol andIP or IP over OSI as communication protocol stacks. See Fig. 7.39 for details.The interface ports for the equipment management are the following:
– LAN Ethernet 10BaseT or AUI or 10Base2 (located in Ethernet card)
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00474
– RS232 asynchronous used for SCT/LCT connection
– RS232 asynchronous used for connection to remote NEs
– DCC (data communication channel) embedded within STM–1 for connection tothe remote NEs.
• Log–in: the main controller manages the equipment or network login/logout by settingand then controlling the user’s ID and relevant password.
• Database (MIB): validation and storing in a non–volatile memory of the equipmentconfiguration parameters.
• Equipment configuration: distribution of the parameters stored in the MIB towards thecontrolled units for their attuation in addition to the controls from user not stored in theMIB (i.e. loops, manual forcing etc...)
• Alarm monitoring: acquisition, filtering and correlation of the alarms gathered from thecontrolled units. Local logger and alarm sending to the connected managers: SCT/LCT– NMS5UX. Management of the alarm signalling on the basic shelf front panel.
• Performances: PM management as per Recc. G.826 performed processing:
– byte B1 related to RST of STM–1 E/W
– byte B2/M1 related to MST of STM–1 E/W
• BIP2 of V5 related to VC12
• Download: the main controller is equipped with two flash memory banks containing therunning program (active bank) and the stand–by program (inactive bank). This permitsto download a new software release to the inactive bank without disturbing the traffic.Bank switch enables the new release to be used. Download activity is based on FTPprotocol which downloads application programs, FPGA configuration, configurationfiles on main controller inactive bank or directly on the peripheral controllers.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 75
Fig. 7.25
RAB
EOW
M L ALS
m W TEST RS232 SCT USER I/O – V11
Resetcontroller
Warningalarm
led Activetest led
Minoralarm
led
Majoralarm
led Criticalalarm
led
Automaticlaser
shutdowndisable led
RemoteRS232
ManagementRS232
Alarm I/O andService channel
LED MAJOR ALARM: when ON a major alarm is detected in the equipment (see SCT for detail)LED MINOR ALARM: when ON a minor alarm is detected in the equipment (see SCT for detail)LED CRITICAL ALARM: when ON a critical alarm is detected in the equipment (see SCT for detail)LED ALS: when ON automatic laser shutdown is disable. Therefore Tx laser is always ON: pay attention.LED TEST: when ON a manual test operation is active.
7.7.8 Power supply unit
This unit feeds all the system units. Four different PSU units are available to satisfy the powerrequirements of each ADM–1 mechanical version as shown in the table below.
Tab. 7.1
ADM–1 mechanicallayout
Input voltage range Power consumption
Figure
4RU –48/60 Vdc 50 W Fig. 7.26
2RU –48/60 Vdc 30 W Fig. 7.27
1RU –24 Vdc–48/60 Vdc
90 to 254 Vac
20 W Fig. 7.27Fig. 7.27Fig. 7.28
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00476
Fig. 7.26
Powerconnector
Switch Led ON
–+
Fig. 7.27
Powerconnector
Switch Led ON
–+
Fig. 7.28
Main inputconnector
Switch Led ON
L N
L N
7.7.9 Management Interface Unit (MIU)
This unit supplies the physical Ethernet connection for management. The user can select fromthree types of physical connections: 10BaseT, 10BaseT–hub, AUI.
The MAC layer is performed by controller card.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 77
Fig. 7.29
10BaseT unit
10BaseT–hub
AUI unit
7.7.10 SMCU
The SMCU unit consists of two main block:
• SDH block (see Fig. 7.32)
• Controller block (see Fig. 7.31)
7.7.10.1 SDH Block
It performs the multiplexing structure from STM–1 to tributary and vice versa.
A brief overview of this block will follow.
MST + RST
At the receive side an aligner searches from the incoming signal the bytes A1 and A2 foralignment. If the correct alignment is achieved, then a frame aligned timing circuit permits toextract all the RST and MST bytes of the SOH. After descrambling the content of some byteis then sent to main controller for processing and for displaying by the SCT program whenconnected. At the output of MST + RST block, the Administrative Unit (AU) is passed to the MSAsection passing through a switch for signal selection from West (east) lines.
At the transmit side the AU payload from the MSA section is added with MST and RST bytesthus generating the STM–1 signal.
The byte allocation is made by using a frame timing derived from a local clock locked to theSETS. SOH content is shown in Fig. 7.45.
The STM–1 signal, after duplication, is then sent to the West (East) lines passing through theLIUs.
MSA (Multiplex Section Adaptation)
At the receive side this section extracts VC4 from AU4 and viceversa at the transmit sideterminating/inserting the AU pointers.
The pointers permit a flexible allocation to VC–4 within AU–4 regarding possiblephase/frequency fluctuation of the payload with respect to transport module (see Fig. 7.47). Thepointer occupies the STM–1 nine first bytes of the fourth row.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00478
Pointer value permits always to locale the VC–4 start (byte J1 of POH) and recovery possiblephase/frequency variation between AU–4 and VC–4. Positive stuffing is made if VC–4 bit rateis lower than AU4; negative stuffing if on the contrary (see Fig. 7.48)
In the first case the first three bytes following the pointer are used; in the second the last threepointer bytes are dedicated to the negative justification.
Stuffing operation is followed by pointer value updating (incremented or decremented) throughinversion of some bytes of pointer word.
HPT (High Path Termination)
This section terminates/inserts the VC4 POH thus extracting C4/generating VC4.
The POH acts as path trace identifier, error monitor, payload identifier and remote alarmindicator. See Fig. 7.49 for VC4 POH content.
HPA (High Path Adaptation)
This section performs the following:
• mapping/demapping from C4 to TU12 and viceversa passing through TUG–2 TUG–3structure as shown in Fig. 7.50 and Fig. 7.51.
• alignment of TU12 WEST/East sides in the same temporal position
• permits adaptation of any VC12 embedded into the STM–1 from one side to the otherthrough TU–12 pointer mechanism (see Fig. 7.52).
LPC (Lower Order Path Connection)
It permits the VC12s within STM–1 East/West to be:
• cross connected from one side to the other in any position of STM–1
• locally terminated at any tributary interface.
LPT (Low Path Termination)
At the receive side it extracts the C12 container by terminating the POH while at transmit sideperforms opposite operation.
The POH acts as low path trace identifier, error monitor, payload identifier and remote alarmindicator. Fig. 7.54 shows the POH content (byte V5).
LPA (Low Path Adaptation)
This section permits to map (demap) an asynchronous 2048 kbit/s into (from) the C12 container.
Justification bits are included in order to perform adaptation of the external clock with the internalone.
The generated frame consists of 140 bytes with a period of 500 µs as shown in Fig. 7.53.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 79
PPI (Plesiochronius Physical Interface)
It interfaces the 2 Mbit/s input/output signal adapting the HDB3 line code with the NRZequipment code and viceversa.
SETS
The synchronisation equipment timing source circuit supplies the reference for timing theequipment circuitry.
7.7.10.2 Controller Block
This unit mainly consists of a main controller type MPC860 that interacts with the equipmentboards and management ports.
The activities executed by the main controller are the following:
• Communication management: it makes use of SNMP as management protocol andIP or IP over OSI as communication protocol stacks. See Fig. 7.39 for details.The interface ports for the equipment management are the following:
– LAN Ethernet 10BaseT or 10Base2
– RS232 asynchronous used for SCT/LCT connection
– RS232 asynchronous used for connection to remote NEs
– DCC (data communication channel) embedded within STM–1 for connection tothe remote NEs.
• Log–in: the main controller manages the equipment or network login/logout by settingand then controlling the user’s ID and relevant password.
• Database (MIB): validation and storing in a non–volatile memory of the equipmentconfiguration parameters.
• Equipment configuration: distribution of the parameters stored in the MIB towards thecontrolled units for their attuation in addition to the controls from user not stored in theMIB (i.e. loops, manual forcing etc...)
• Alarm monitoring: acquisition, filtering and correlation of the alarms gathered from thecontrolled units. Local logger and alarm sending to the connected managers: SCT/LCT– NMS5UX. Management of the alarm signalling on the basic shelf front panel.
• Performances: PM management as per Recc. G.826 performed processing:
– byte B1 related to RST of STM–1 E/W
– byte B2/M1 related to MST of STM–1 E/W
• BIP2 of V5 related to VC12
• Download: the main controller is equipped with two flash memory banks containing therunning program (active bank) and the stand–by program (inactive bank). This permitsto download a new software release to the inactive bank without disturbing the traffic.Bank switch enables the new release to be used. Download activity is based on FTPprotocol which downloads application programs, FPGA configuration, configurationfiles on main controller inactive bank or directly on the peripheral controllers.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00480
Fig. 7.30
R
M L ALS
m W TEST RS232 SCT USER I/O – V11
Resetcontroller
EthernetWarningalarm
led Activetest led
Minoralarm
led
Majoralarm
led Criticalalarm
led
Automaticlaser
shutdowndisable led
RemoteRS232
ManagementRS232
Alarm I/O andService channel
LED MAJOR ALARM: when ON a major alarm is detected in the equipment (see SCT for detail)LED MINOR ALARM: when ON a minor alarm is detected in the equipment (see SCT for detail)LED CRITICAL ALARM: when ON a critical alarm is detected in the equipment (see SCT for detail)LED ALS: when ON automatic laser shutdown is disable. Therefore Tx laser is always ON: pay attention.LED TEST: when ON a manual test operation is active.
Sync 2 MHz IN
Sync 2 MHz OUT
SDH BLOCK
Fig. 7.31 SMCU unit – Controller block diagram
MPC860
RS232 SCT USERIN
ALARMOUTLAN
TRIBUTARY BOARDS
CONTROLLER BLOCK
DCC
DCC
AlarmLeds
East/Westfrom SDH
block
SMCU
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 81
Fig. 7.32 SMCU unit – SDH block diagram
VC
12C
ross
Con
nect
Mat
rix
AU
PT
Rpr
oc.
VC
4P
OH
term
.
TU
12P
TR
proc
.
AU
PT
Rin
sert
VC
4P
OH
inse
rt
TU
12P
TR
inse
rt
TU
12P
TR
inse
rt
VC
4P
OH
inse
rt
AU
PT
Rin
sert
SO
Hin
sert
TU
12P
TR
proc
.
VC
4P
OH
term
.
AU
PT
Rpr
oc.
VC
12P
OH
inse
rt
C12
map
.
Dec
od.
ck extr.
si/p
o
VC
12P
OH
term
.
C12
dem
apG
.703
gene
r
LP
CH
PAH
PT
MS
AM
ST
+RS
TH
PAH
PT
MS
A
HP
TH
PAH
PAH
PT
MS
A
PP
IL
PAL
PT
LP
TL
PAP
PI
2 M
bit/s
2 M
bit/s
to L
IUE
ast
VC4
C4
VC12
VC4
C4
VC12 VC12
C12
VC12
C12
VC12VC12
C4 C4
VC4 VC4
SE
TS
T0
T4
exte
rnal
timin
g
3232
MS
A
SO
Hte
rm.
MS
T+R
ST
from LIU
Eas
t
SO
Hin
sert
MS
T+R
ST
from LIU
Wes
t
SO
Hte
rm.
MS
T+R
ST
to
LIU
Wes
t
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00482
7.8 EQUIPMENT FACILITIES
7.8.1 Loopbacks
Various types of loopsbacks may be implemented for test and maintenance purpose. They areenabled via software. The loopbacks have to be timed to avoid possible traffic loss. What isshown herebelow is a list of the available loopbacks:
• aggregate interface loopbacks
– local loopback
As shown in Fig. 7.41 STM–1 signal from East/West transmit side of theaggregate interface, LIU is routed back to the receive side towards the oppositedirection or towards the terminations ports, depending on the presetting made inthe cross–connect section.
– remote loopback
As shown in Fig. 7.42 STM–1 signal inputting the receive side of the East/Westaggregate interface is routed back to the transmit side of the same direction.
• VC12 loopback
As shown in Fig. 7.43 it is possible to loopback any VC12 embedded within the STM–1payload by passing through the cross–connect section. This latter permits to any VC12to be cross–connected towards the same direction, East or West. Same applies for theVC12 from/to the tributary interface.
Warning: this kind of loop cannot be timed.
• tributary interface loopbacks
– local loopback
As shown in Fig. 7.44 after receiving the loopback control, the trib. signal,connected at the transmit side, is routed back to the receive side.
– remote loopback
As shown in Fig. 7.44 the trib. signal from the cross–connect is routed backtowards the STM–1 aggregate signal, East or West or both depending on thecross–connect setting.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 83
7.8.2 Alarm indication
All the alarm roots from the different circuits the ADM–1 consists of, are processed by the maincontroller and classified according to a severity degree settable by the user.
Alarm classification is the following:
• Critical or major: corresponding to an urgent alarm. Situation jeopardizing trafficcontinuity.
• Minor: corresponding to non urgent alarm: Situation showing a possible trafficdegradation not jeopardizing the traffic continuity.
• Warning: situation showing an external alarm that jeopardizes traffic continuity butcaused by an external failure.
Alarm severity is:
• displayed by the corresponding LED on the shelf front as shown in Fig. 7.40.
• displayed by the managers connected to supervision ports.
In addition the software program shows the individual alarm root and relevant description.
See “Unit Description” for the meaning of LEDs.
7.8.3 User in/Alarm out
Internal alarms can be routed to four available relay contacts for sending outside an alarmcondition classified as severity degree. This is implemented via software.
The external alarms can be reached by four input in I/O connectors.
See controller card for connector position and Tab. 9.6 for pin connection.
7.9 EQUIPMENT SYNCHRONISATION
Operating mode
There are three operating modes as specified by Reccs G.810/G.812/G.813 and ETS 300417–6–1:
• Locked: normal operating condition in which the local clock frequency is slaved to anexternal input reference source.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00484
• Hold–over: condition of the local clock which has lost the reference source input andis using the stored data, acquired while in locked condition, for a time greater than 15minutes. The stored data are used to reproduce the locked condition within a specifictolerance.
• Free–running: operating condition of the local clock which has lost the referencesource and has no access to the stored data acquired from the input reference source.Free–running ends when a reference source reverts to available synchronisationsource.
Synchronisation sources
As shown in Fig. 7.36 the local clock has to be locked to the following external sources:
• STM–1 from West side
• STM–1 from East side
• one 2 Mbit/s signal applied to the 63 possible inputs
• 2 MHz
• STM–1 from tributary unit
Selectors A and B select one of the four possible synchronisation sources to generate theequipment clock T0 and the external 2 MHz synchr. output T4.
Selection is made by processing the source conditions through the main controller.
Source hierarchy
The available sources are classified depending on the priority and the quality levels assigned.
• Priority level
A priority can be assigned to each individual source from the highest (priority number= 0) to the lowest (priority number 7 – source disabled)
• Quality level
A synchronisation status messages (SSM) (embedded into bit 5 to bit8 of byte S1inside the SOH) is used to determine the quality level of the source.
Tab. 7.2 shows the quality level and relevant meaning. The lowest quality level number(excluding level “0”) corresponds to the highest quality.
Tab. 7.2 Synchronisation source quality level
Quality level Abbreviation Meaning
0 – Quality unknown
2 PRC Primary reference clock
4 SSUT Synchronisation supply unit transit
8 SSUL Synchronisation supply unit local
11 SEC SDH equipment clock
15 DNU Do not use
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 85
Quality level of 2 Mbit/s and 2 MHz input sources must be assigned by the user; otherwise level11 (SEC) will be set as default.
Quality level carried by SOH within STM–1, East/West sides, can be changed by the user ifrequired.
Automatic switch condition
The synchronisation source is selected under the following conditions:
• No manual forcing is active
• The quality level has priority with respect to the priority level
• Source with highest quality level is selected. If same quality level has been assignedto the available sources then synchronisation source with the highest priority isselected.
Automatic switching mode
If the best selected source fails, then the best of remaining sources will be selected for use.
The changeover happens after the expiration of the hold off time (settable from 300 to 1880msec).
During this time the system is clocked in holdover mode assuring a frequency accuracy betterthan 0.05 ppm.
If the lost best source has been recovered reversion occurs after a WTR (Wait to restore) timesettable from 0 to 12 minutes.
If only one source is available for synchronisation and this one fails the following happens:
• Synchronous source fails after 15 minute trail: estimation of the input frequencyenables the hold–over operation mode. A frequency drift lower than ±0.05 ppm isassured for the first 15 minutes plus ±0.01 ppm per day increment plus max ±2 ppmfor temperature variation.
• Synchronous source fails before 15 minute trail: system is switched to free runningmode using the internal source assuring an accuracy of ±4.6 ppm.
Manual forcing
It si possible to enable any available source in the following manual mode:
• Manual switch: if the quality level is disabled or the available sources have the samequality then a source can be selected as preferential with respect to the others.If this source fails, automatically the source with the highest priority will be selected.
• Forced switch: a source can be selected for use regardless the quality/priority levelsassigned to the others.In case of the source fails there is no switch to another available source. The system works in holdover mode.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00486
Fig. 7.33 LIU block diagram
Opt
.
Ele
ct.
Opt
.
Ele
ct.
Opt
.
Ele
ct.
Opt
.
Ele
ct.
toS
MU
sto
SM
Us
from
SM
Us
from
SM
Us
Wes
t
Wes
t
Eas
t
Eas
t
SP
I
SP
I
SP
I
SP
I
from
con
trol
ler
unit
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 87
Fig. 7.34 SMU unit block diagram
VC
12C
ross
Con
nect
Mat
rix
AU
PT
Rpr
oc.
VC
4P
OH
term
.
TU
12P
TR
proc
.
AU
PT
Rin
sert
VC
4P
OH
inse
rt
TU
12P
TR
inse
rt
TU
12P
TR
inse
rt
VC
4P
OH
inse
rt
AU
PT
Rin
sert
SO
Hin
sert
TU
12P
TR
proc
.
VC
4P
OH
term
.
AU
PT
Rpr
oc.
VC
12P
OH
inse
rt
C12
map
.
Dec
od.
ck extr.
si/p
o
VC
12P
OH
term
.
C12
dem
apG
.703
gene
r
LP
CH
PAH
PT
MS
A
MS
T+R
ST
HPA
HP
TM
SA
HP
TH
PAH
PAH
PT
MS
A
PP
IL
PAL
PT
LP
TL
PAP
PI
2 M
bit/s
2 M
bit/s
to L
IUs
Eas
t
VC4
C4
VC12
VC4
C4
VC12 VC12
C12
VC12
C12
VC12VC12
C4 C4
VC4 VC4
SE
TS
T0
T4
exte
rnal
timin
g
6363
MS
A
SO
Hin
sert
MS
T+R
ST
SO
Hte
rm.
MS
T+R
ST
from
LIU
sE
ast
SO
Hte
rm.
MS
T+R
ST
MS
P
MS
P
SO
Hin
sert
MS
T+R
ST
from
LIU
sW
est
SO
Hin
sert
MS
T+R
ST
SO
Hte
rm.
MS
T+R
ST
to
LIU
sW
est
SO
Hte
rm.
MS
T+R
ST
MS
P
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00488
Fig. 7.35 STM–1 tributary unit – block diagram
Bus
inte
rfac
e
AU
PT
Rpr
oc.
VC
4P
OH
term
.
TU
12P
TR
proc
.
AU
PT
Rin
sert
VC
4P
OH
inse
rt
TU
12P
TR
inse
rt
TU
12P
TR
inse
rt
VC
4P
OH
inse
rt
AU
PT
Rin
sert
SO
Hin
sert
TU
12P
TR
proc
.
VC
4P
OH
term
.
AU
PT
Rpr
oc.
V.1
1in
t.
LP
CH
PAH
PT
MS
A
MS
T+R
ST
HPA
HP
TM
SA
HP
TH
PAH
PAH
PT
MS
A
from
/to S
MU
(S
MC
U)
Ch
A
V.1
1 –
64 k
bit/s
serv
ice
chan
nel
to T
SU
ChB
VC4
C4
VC12
VC4
C4
VC12
VC12VC12
C4 C4
VC4 VC4
MS
A
SO
Hin
sert
MS
T+R
ST
SO
Hte
rm.
MS
T+R
ST
SO
Hte
rm.
MS
T+R
ST
MS
P
MS
P
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sert
MS
T+R
ST
from
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h A
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TS
UC
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h A
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155
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t/s
from
/to S
MU
(S
MC
U)
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B
Sw
itch
SP
IS
PI
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 89
Fig. 7.36 Synchronisation block diagram
SETS
Internalsource
SETG EquipmentCK
Maincontroller
G.703
SelectorA
SelectorB
2 Mbit/s
2 MHz
STM–1 West
STM–1 East
Selector drive
T3
T2
T1
T1
1
63
T0
T4externalsynch.output
priority/qualityloss of
externaltimimg
STM1–TU
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00490
Fig. 7.37 2 Mbit/s interface unit block diagram
Leveladapter
Leveladapter
Up to 126x2Mbit/s
Up to 126x2Mbit/s
G.703
G.703
ToSMU–M
ToSMU–RFrom
SMU–M
FromSMU–R
Fig. 7.38 Controller architecture
MPC860
RS232 SCT USERIN
ALARMOUTLAN
Ethernet boards
ADM–1 BOARDS
CONTROLLER BOARD
DCC
DCC
AlarmLeds
East/Westfrom SMU
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 91
Fig. 7.39 IP/IPover OSI protocol stack
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
SNMP
TCP/UDP
IPIPoverOSI
IS–ISISO 10589
PPP PPPLLCMAC
LAPDQ921
LCCMAC
RS232DCC
STM–1Ethernet
LANDCC
STM–1Ethernet
LAN
Applic./present.session layers
Transportlayer
Routinglayer
Data linklayer
Physicallayer
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00492
Fig. 7.40 Alarm indications in evidence
C36054
2M
1 1111
112
16
C36054
2M
1 1111
112 16
C36054
2M
1 1111
112 16
C36054
2M
1 1111
1
16
C36054
2M
1 1111
1
1616
121 11
11
1
2M
C36054
C36054
2M
1 11
11
1
16
16
1 11111
2M
C36054
–+
C36050
ON
ON
C36050
+ –
R
BA
ALSC
M mW
TE
ST
RS
232
SC
TU
SE
R I/
O &
V11
C36
058
EO
W
2MC
3605
6
AC
TA
CT
C36
056
2M
C36060
10 B
ase
T
RX
TX
C36
064
LOS
EW
LOS
LOS
WE
LOS
C36
064
LAN
Pow
er O
NLO
S (
Loss
Of S
TM
–1/4
Sig
nal)
ALS
CM m
WT
ES
T
ALA
RM
AR
EA
Crit
ical
Aut
omat
ic (
lase
r)sh
ut d
own
disa
bled
War
ning
Maj
or
Min
orM
anua
lop
erat
or
R
Res
etµ
P
activ
ity
1212
1212
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 93
Fig. 7.41 Aggregate interface local loopback
Aggregate interface Cross–connect Aggregate interface
Loopback control Loopback control
Tributary interface
STM–1East
STM–1West
Tributaryports
LIU LIU
Fig. 7.42 Aggregate interface remote loopback
Aggregate interface Cross–connect Aggregate interface
Loopback control Loopback control
Tributary interface
STM–1East
STM–1West
Tributaryports
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00494
Fig. 7.43 VC12 loopback
Cross–connectAggregate interface Aggregate interface
Tributaryinterface
Loopcontrol
Loopcontrol
Loopcontrol
VC12
2 Mbit/s
VC12
VC12 STM–1East
STM–1West
Fig. 7.44 Tributary interface loopback
Cross–connect
Trib. signal
Loopback control
Cross–connect
Trib. signal
Loopback control
LOCAL REMOTE
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 95
7.10 SDH OVERVIEW
This is a brief overview of SOH structure. For details see Rec. G.707.
A1 A1 A1 A2 A2 A2 J0 X X
B1 E1 F1 X X RSOH
D1 D2 D3
AU POINTER
B2 B2 B2 K1 K2
D4 D5 D6
D4 D8 D9 MSOH
D10 D11 D12
S1 M1 E2 X X
Fig. 7.45 SOH content
RSOH key
• A1, A2 bytes used for frame alignment• J0 byte used as regenerator section path trace• B1 byte used for error control by means of BIP–8 parity code• D1, D2, D3 bytes carry the DCC (Data Communication Channel) for control and
management of regenerator sections• E1 byte is used for voice communication among operators at regenerator sections• F1 byte, 64 kbit/s data channel• X bytes, reserved for national use
• bytes forwarding the alarm criteria detected in the regenerator section upstream
• bytes not used
• bytes reserved for future international standardisation
MSOH key
• B2 bytes used for error control by means of BIP–24 parity code• K1, K2 (from bit1 to bit5): automatic switching check (not used)• K2 (from bit6 to bit8): MS remote defect indication (MS–RDI)• D4÷D12: DCCM data communication channel• E2: Engineering Order Wire• S1 (b5÷b8): synchronous status bytes• M1: Multiplex Section REI, Remote Error Indication• X: reserved for national use
• : reserved for future international standardisation
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00496
Fig. 7.46 Multiplexing structure of up to 63x2 Mbit/s within the STM–1 frame
9 bytes 261 bytes
9 by
tes
STM–1
SOH
AU pointer
AU–4
VC–4(TUG–3X3)
ÏÏÏÏ
A1
B1
C1
D1
E1
F1
G1
A2
B2
C2
D2
E2
F2
G2
A3
B3
C3
D3
E3
F3
G3
Pathinformation
ÏÏÏÏÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏ
A
ÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏ
B
ÏÏÏÏÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏ
D
ÏÏÏÏÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏÏÏ
E
ÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏ
F
ÏÏÏÏÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏ
ÏÏÏÏÏÏ
G
1 2 3
TUG–3(TUG–2X7)
TUG–2
2 31
Pointer
TU–12
VC–12C–12
Pathinformation
Fixed andjustification
bits2 Mbit/s
plesiochronous
C
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 97
Fig. 7.47 Dynamic allocation of VC–4 within AU–4
J19 rows
270 bytes
9 bytes 261 bytes
AU4 pointer
SOH Overhead section
SOH Overhead section
VC4
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 00498
Fig. 7.48 Pointer in action
J
J
J
J
PT (n)
PT (n)
PT (n+1)
PT (n+1)
J
J
J
J
PT (n)
PT (n)
PT (n+1)
PT (n+1)
Frame N
Frame N+1
Frame N+2
S
Negative justification Positive justification
PT(n) = Pointer with “n” valueJ = Bytes with opportunity of negative justificationS = Bytes with opportunity of positive justification (stuffing)
S
Start of VC4Start of VC4
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 99
Fig. 7.49 VC–4 POH content
J1
B3
C2
G1
F2
H4
F3
K3
N1
1 2
REI
3 4 5 6 7 8
RDI N.U.
REI = Remote Error Indication
RDI = Remote Defect Indication
N.U. = Not used
J1 = Path trace
B3 = Path error monitoring function
C2 = Signal label
G1 = Path status and performance
F2 = Not used
H4 = Multiframe position indicator
F3 = Not used
K3 = Not used
N1 = Not used
9 by
tes
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004100
Fig. 7.50 Multiplexing of three TUG–3 into C–4
TUG–3(C)
TUG–3(B)
TUG–3(A)
86
1
86
1
86
1
261CBACBACBA
CBACBACBA
C–4
.
.
.
.98765432
1 column
9 rows
fixed stuffing
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 101
Fig. 7.51 TUG–2/TUG–3 multiplexing structure
TU–12
TUG–2
TUG–3
A B C
AB
CA
BC
AB
CA
BC
1 2 7
12
34 5
6 7
12
34 5
6 7
12
34 5 6 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ................................. ..........86
fixedstuffing
bit
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004102
Fig. 7.52 TU–12 frame and pointer position
V1
Position105
.
.
.
Position139
V2
Position0...
Position34
V3
Positon35...
Position69
V4
Position70...
Position104
TU–12
1 byte
125
µs12
5 µs
125
µs12
5 µs
500
µs
negativejustificationpossibility
positivejustificationpossibility
POINTER
V1 + V2 = pointer word
V3 = negative justification
V4 = reserved
pointer area
VC–12 area
N N N N S S I D I D D D DI I I
V1 V2
10–bit pointer value indicates theoffset from V2 to the first byte ofVC–12
N = New Data Flag Bit
I = Increment Bit
Negative Justification–Invert 5 D Bits
Positive Justification–Invert 5 I Bits
Pointer range 0 to 139
SS = TU Type (”10” for TU–12)
D = Decrement Bit
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 103
Fig. 7.53 VC–12 mapping
V5 (see Fig. 7.54 )R R R R R R R R
32 bytes
R R R R R R R RJ2
C1 C2 O O O O R R
32 bytes
R R R R R R R RN2
C1 C2 O O O O R R
32 bytes
R R R R R R R RK4
C1 C2 R R R R R S1S2 I I I I I I I
31 bytes
R R R R R R R R
500 �S
140
byt
es
J2 = Low order path access point identifier
N2 = Not used
K4 = Not used
I = Data bits
O = Overhead bits
C = Justification control bit
S1/S2 = Justification opportunity bits
R = Fixed stuff bits
= Information bytes
= Control and stuffing bytes
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004104
Fig. 7.54 VC5 byte content
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
BIP–2 REI RFI SIGNAL LABEL RDI
Byte V5
REI CODING
0 no error
1 one or two errors
RFI CODING
0 no mulfunctioning
1 remote mulfunctioning indication
RDI CODING
0 no remote alarm
1 remote alarm indication
SIGNAL LABEL CODING
000 unequipped
010 equipped asynchronous
BIP–2 = Bit Interleaved Parity Error Checking
REI = Remote Error Indication
RFI = Remote Failure Indication
RDI = Remote Defect Indication
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 105
ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
3Section
Installation
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004106
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 107
8. EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION
8.1 GENERAL
The equipment consists of a wired subrack for 19” rack mounting.
The equipment is shipped in an appropriate cardboard box. After unpacking mechanicalinstallation takes place as well as electrical wiring.
8.2 MECHANICAL INSTALLATION
On their sides the subrack is provided with two holes for the rack mounting making use of 4 M6screws.
On right side the subrack is provided with a faston that must be connected to the protective earthwith a permanent connection (see Tab. 8.1).
8.3 ELECTRICAL WIRING
The electrical wiring must be done using appropriate cables thus assuring the equipmentresponds to the electromagnetic compatibility standards.
The cable terminates to flying connectors which have to be connected to the correspondingconnectors on the equipment front.
Position and pin–out of the equipment connectors are available in this section.
Tab. 8.1 shows the recommended cables to be used and the corresponding interconnectingconnectors.
ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
8
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004108
Tab. 8.1
Interconnecting points Type of connector termi-nating the cable
Type of cable/conductor
Battery power supply Polarised SUB–D 3W3 femaleconnector
Section of each wire ≥ 2.5sqmm and length ≤ 10 m
AC power supply DIN GST3 female connector Three wire cable with section ofeach wire ≥ 1.5 sqmm andlength ≤ 10 m
Aggregate signals synchroni-sation
1.0/2.3 male 75 ohm coaxial cable with dou-ble shield
Tributary signals 1.0/2.3 male 75 ohm coaxial cable with dou-ble shield
26 pin SUB–D male connector 120 ohm balanced eight sym-metric shielded pairs with exter-nal shield
RJ45 connector Cable CAT5
V11 service xhannel (tributarySTM1)
MINI Din circular 8 pins femaleconnector
4 twisted pairs cable with dou-ble shiled
User inputs/alarms output Female type D connector with26 pins and shielded holder
26 conductor cable with doubleshield
LCT/RS232 Female type D connector with 9pins and shielded holder
3 conductor cable with doubleshield
GND Faston male type Section area ≥ 4 sqmm.
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 109
9. USER CONNECTORS
9.1 GENERAL
User connections have to be performed using proper connectors available on the front of thefollowing units the equipment consists of.
For ADM–1 4RU version, refer to Fig. 9.1.
For ADM–1 2 RU version, refer to Fig. 9.2.
For ADM–1 1 RU version, refer to Fig. 9.3.
9.2 AVAILABLE CONNECTORS AND THEIR USE
The user connectors are:
TIU (Tributary Interface Units)
• 2 Mbit/s (E1) 75 Ohm: each unit carries up to sixteen tributaries
– I/O connectors: 1.0/2.3 female 75 Ohm type (see Fig. 9.4)
• 2 Mbit/s (E1) 120 Ohm: each unit carries up to sixteen tributaries
– I/O connectors: SUB–D26 pins male 120 Ohm type (see Fig. 9.6 and Tab. 9.1)
• 155 Mbit/s (STM1) electrical: each unit carries up to two tributaries
– I/O connectors: 1.0/2.3 female 75 Ohm type (see Fig. 9.7)
– V11service channel connector: MINI Din circular 8 pins female (see Fig. 9.7,Fig. 9.9 and Tab. 9.2)
• 155 Mbit/s (STM1) optical: each unit carries up to two tributaries
ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
9
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004110
– I/O connectors: LC type for I1, S11, L11, L12 applications (see Fig. 9.8)
– V11service channel connector: MINI Din circular 8 pins female (see Fig. 9.8,Fig. 9.9 and Tab. 9.2)
• Ethernet 2x10/100BaseT + 1x100BaseFx/1000BaseSx or Lx
– I/O connectors: RJ45 type (see Fig. 9.12, Fig. 9.11 and Tab. 9.3)
– I/O BaseFx connector: LC type (see Fig. 9.10)
• Ethernet 2x10/100BaseFx + 1x100BaseFx/1000BaseSx or Lx
– I/O BaseFx connectors: LC type (see Fig. 9.10)
• 34/45 Mbit/s (E3/T3) G703:
– I/O connector: 1.0/2.3 75 Ohm female (see Fig. 9.22).
SMU (SDH Multiplexing Unit)
– In/Out 2 MHz synchronisation source connectors: 1.0/2.3 female 75 Ohm type(see Fig. 9.5)
MCU (Main Controller Unit)
– User I/O and V11 connector: SUB–D26 pins male type (see Fig. 9.13, Fig. 9.14and Tab. 9.6)
– RS232 connector: SUB–D9 pins male type (see Fig. 9.13 and Tab. 9.4)
– SCT connector: SUB–D9 pins male type (see Fig. 9.13 and Tab. 9.5)
SMCU (SDH Multiplexing and Main Controller Unit)
– In/Out 2 MHz synchronisation source connectors: 1.0/2.3 female 75 Ohm type(see Fig. 9.15)
– User I/O and V11 connector: SUB–D26 pins male type (see Fig. 9.14, Fig. 9.15and Tab. 9.6)
– RS232 connector: SUB–D9 pins male type (see Fig. 9.15 and Tab. 9.7)
– SCT connector: SUB–D9 pins male type (see Fig. 9.15 and Tab. 9.8)
– 10BaseT management interface: RJ45 type connector (see Fig. 9.15, Fig. 9.19and Tab. 9.10)
LIU (Line Interface Unit) electrical
Each unit carries up to two In/Out STMn interfaces
– STM–1 In/Out connectors: 1.0/2.3 female 75 Ohm type (see Fig. 9.16)
LIU (Line Interface Unit) optical
Each unit carries up to two In/Out STMn interfaces
– STM–1 In/Out connectors: LC type for I1, S11, L11, L12 applications (seeFig. 9.17).
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 111
MIU (Management Interface Unit)
Three different Ethernet interfaces are available
– 10BaseT: RJ45 type connector (see Fig. 9.19 and Tab. 9.10)
– 10BaseT–hub: RJ45 type connector (see Fig. 9.10 and Fig. 9.19)
– AUI: SUB–D15 pin female type connector (see Fig. 9.18 and Tab. 9.9)
PSU (Power Supply Unit) for DC input battery
– 24 or 48/60 Vdc input: SUB–D 3W3 female type (see Fig. 9.20 and Tab. 9.11)
PSU (Power Supply Unit) for AC main input
– 110/240 Vac input: GST 3 pins male DIN type connector (see Fig. 9.21 andTab. 9.12).
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004112
Fig. 9.1 ADM–1 4RU version, position of the user connectors
AC
T
LOS
LOS A
CT
WE
C36
063
C36063
E
WA
CT
LOS
AC
T
C36054
2M
1 11
11
1
12
16
C36054
2M
1 11
11112 16
C36054
2M
1 11
11
1
12
16
C36054
2M
1 11
11
1
12
16
C36054
2M
1
1111
1
12 16
1612
1
11
111
2M
C36054
C36054
2M
1 1111
1
12
161612
1 11
111
2M
C36054
–+
C36050
ON
ON
C36050
+ –
R
BAA
LSCM
mW
TE
ST
RS
232
SC
TU
SE
R I/
O &
V11
C36
058
EO
W
2MC
3605
6
AC
TA
CT
C36
056
2M
C36060
10 B
ase
T RX
TX
MIU
SM
U–R
LIU
–RLI
U–M
MC
US
MU
–M
2 M
bit/s
trib
. pos
ition
2 M
bit/s
trib
. or
35/4
5 M
bit/s
or S
TM
–1 tr
ib. p
ositi
on
TIU
–TR
IBU
TAR
Y IN
TE
RFA
CE
UN
ITS
PS
U–M
PS
U–R
–
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 113
Fig. 9.2 ADM–1 2RU version, position of the user connectors
AC
TA
CT
WE
C36063
C36063
C36
054
1
1111
112
16
R
BA
ALSC
M mW
TE
ST
RS
232S
CT
US
ER
I/O &
V11
C36058
EO
W
C36056
AC
T
C36056
2M
C36060
RX
TX
PS
U–M
PS
U–R
LIU
MC
US
MU
C36
054
1
1111
112
16C
3605
4
1
1111
112
16
2M
C36
054
1
1111
112
16
ON ON
TIU
–TR
IBU
TAR
Y IN
TE
RFA
CE
UN
ITS
MIU
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004114
Fig. 9.3 ADM–1 1RU version, position of the user connectors
AC
TA
CT
WE
C36063
C36063
R
BA
ALSC
M mW
TE
ST
RS
232S
CT
US
ER
I/O &
V11
C36058
EO
W
C36056
PS
US
MC
ULI
U
TIU
–TR
IBU
TAR
Y IN
TE
RFA
CE
UN
ITS
C36
054
1
1111
112
16
C36
054
1
1111
112
16
ON
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 115
1.0/2.3 connectors for 2 Mbit/s tributary interfaces (75 Ohm)
Fig. 9.4 Front view
C36052
11
111
12 16
INPUTS
OUTPUTS
1
1216
1.0/2.3 coaxial connectors for 2 MHz synchronism
Fig. 9.5 Front view
2MC36053
ACT
IN OUT2 MHz synchronism
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004116
Tab. 9.1 Connector pin–out for 2 Mbit/s tributary interfaces (120 Ohms)
Pin number Signal Trib. 1–4 Trib. 5–8 Trib. 9 –12 Trib. 13–16
1 input b–wire P1 1 5 9 13
2 output b–wire P1 1 5 9 13
3 input b–wire P2 2 6 10 14
4 output b–wire P2 2 6 10 14
5 input b–wire P3 3 7 11 15
6 output b–wire P3 3 7 11 15
7 input b–wire P4 4 8 12 16
8 output b–wire P4 4 8 12 16
9 GND cable shield
10 input a–wire N1 1 5 9 13
11 output a–wire N1 1 5 9 13
12 input a–wire N2 2 6 10 14
13 output a–wire N2 2 6 10 14
14 input a–wire N3 3 7 11 15
15 output a–wire N3 3 7 11 15
16 input a–wire N4 4 8 12 16
17 output a–wire N4 4 8 12 16
18 GND cable shield
19 input shield–GND 1 5 9 13
20 output shield–GND 1 5 9 13
21 input shield–GND 2 6 10 14
22 output shield–GND 2 6 10 14
23 input shield–GND 3 7 11 15
24 output shield–GND 3 7 11 15
25 input shield–GND 4 8 12 16
26 output shield–GND 4 8 12 16
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 117
Fig. 9.6 Front view
C36054
9 –1
21
–4
13 –
165
–8
Tributaries 1 to 4 Tributaries 5 to 8
11019
91826
Fig. 9.7 Front view
V.1
1LOS
LOS
A B
C36073
OUT IN OUT IN
V11 service channel
A side B side
Fig. 9.8 Front view
C36074
LOS
A V.1
1
B
LOS
ON
ON
OUT IN OUT IN
V11 service channel
A side B side Class 1 Laser product
Fig. 9.9 Front view
12
345
678
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004118
Tab. 9.2
Pin number V11 connections
1 Ck Rx V11 (out+)
2 Ck Rx V11 (out–)
3 Tx V11 (out+)
4 Tx V11 (out–)
5 Rx V11 (in+)
6 Rx V11 (in–)
7 Ck Tx V11 (out+)
8 Ck Tx V11 (out–)
LC connector for Optical Ethernet tributary
Fig. 9.10 Front view
C36069
OUT IN OUT INOUT IN
DPLX
Link/ACT100/1000Bx 100BASEFX 100BASEFX
Class 1 Laser product
LC and RJ45 female connector for Ethernet tributary
Fig. 9.11
C36068
OUT IN
DPLX
Link/ACT100/1000Bx
Class 1 Laser product
10/100BaseT 10/100BaseT
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 119
Female RJ45 connector for 10/100BaseTx Ethernet tributary
Fig. 9.12 Front panel
10/100BTxPin1 Pin8
Tab. 9.3
Pin Function Notes
1 TPTx+
2 TPTx–
3 TPRx+
4 Termination network
5 Termination network
6 TPRx–
7 Termination network
8 Termination network
Fig. 9.13 MCU (Main Controller Unit) connectors
EOW
C36058
USER I/O & V11SCTRS232TESTWm
M C ALSA
B
R1 56 9
1 56 9
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004120
9 pin SUB–D male connector pin–out for RS232 interface and PPP protocol
Tab. 9.4
Pin number RS232 signal
1 NC
2 RX (IN)
3 TX (OUT)
4 –
5 GND
6 –
7 –
8 –
9 –
9 pin SUB–D male connector pin–out for SCT/LCT connection
Tab. 9.5
Pin number Signal
1 NC
2 RX (IN)
3 TX (OUT)
4 NC
5 GND
6 NC
7 –
8 –
9 NC
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 121
25 pin SUB–D (high density type) male connector pin–out for user I/O and V11 channelpin–out
Tab. 9.6
Pin number USER IN/OUT V11
1 Relé 1 (1st contact)
2 Relé 2 (1st contact)
3 Relé 3 (1st contact)
4 Relé 4 (1st contact)
5 Relé 1 (2nd contact)
6 Relé 2 (2nd contact)
7 Relé 3 (2nd contact)
8 Relé 4 (2nd contact)
9/18/23/24/25/26 GND
10 Rx V11 (in–)
11 Rx V11 (in+)
12 CK Rx V11 (out+)
13 CK Rx V11 (out–)
14 CK Tx V11 (out+)
15 CK Tx V11 (out–)
16 Tx V11 (out+)
17 Tx V11 (out–)
19 User IN 1
20 User IN 2
21 User IN 3
22 User IN 4
Fig. 9.14 Front view
1 910 18
19 26
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004122
Fig. 9.15 SMCU (SDH Multiplexing and Main Controller Unit) connectors
R
ALSCM
m WTESTRS232 SCT
USER I/O & V11
C3608910 Base T
2M
OUTIN
2 MHz synchronism
61 5
951
6 9
9 pin SUB–D male connector pin–out for RS232 interface and PPP protocol
Tab. 9.7
Pin number RS232 signal
1 NC
2 RX (IN)
3 TX (OUT)
4 –
5 GND
6 –
7 –
8 –
9 –
9 pin SUB–D male connector pin–out for SCT/LCT connection
Tab. 9.8
Pin number RS232 signal
1 NC
2 RX (IN)
3 TX (OUT)
4 NC
5 GND
6 NC
7 –
8 –
9 NC
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 123
1.0/2.3 connectors for STM1 aggregate interfaces
Fig. 9.16 Front view
C36062LOS
EWLOS
OUT INWest side
OUT INEast side
LC connectors for STM1 aggregate optical interfaces
Fig. 9.17 Front view
LOS LOS
W E
C36063
ONON
OUT INWest side
OUT INEast side
Class 1 Laser product
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004124
Female connector type SUB–D 15 pins for AUI Management interface
Fig. 9.18 Front view
18915
Tab. 9.9
Pin number Signal Pin number Signal
1 GND 9 CD–
2 CD+ 10 TXD–
3 TXD+ 11 GND
4 GND 12 RXD–
5 RXD+ 13 +12V
6 GND 14 GND
7 NC 15 NC
8 GND – –
Female RJ45 connector for 10BaseT management interface
Fig. 9.19
Pin1 Pin8
Tab. 9.10
Pin number Signal
1 Transmitted data (+)
2 Transmitted data (–)
3 Received data (+)
4 Not used
5 Not used
6 Received data (–)
7 Not used
8 Not used
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 125
3W3 SUB–D female connector for DC input battery
Fig. 9.20 Front view
+ –
1 2 3
Tab. 9.11 Power supply
Pin number Signal
1 +
2 GND
3 –
GST3 – DIN type male connector for AC main input
Fig. 9.21 Front view
L N
Tab. 9.12
Pin description Signal
L Line
GND
N Neutral
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004126
1.0/2.3 connector for 34/45 Mbit/s (E3/T3) G.703 tributary
Fig. 9.22
C36079LOS
A B C
CHANNEL 1 CHANNEL 2 CHANNEL 3
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 127
ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
4Section
Line–up
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004128
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 129
10. EQUIPMENT LINE–UP
10.1 GENERAL
Before putting the equipment into service it is advisable to perform checking mentioned herebelow.
10.2 EQUIPMENT SWITCH–ON
Connect the 24/48/60 V battery or the main line to the appropriate power supply connectors.
Push the ON/OFF switch and check that green Led “ON” lights up.
10.3 1+0 TERMINAL MULTIPLEXER EQUIPMENTFUNCTIONALITY TEST
Proceed as follows:
• Set–up the test bench of Fig. 10.1.
• Perform a physical loop between the Tx/Rx of the STM–1 West aggregate.
• Connect a pattern generator/error detector to in/out connector number 9 of tributaryunit 1 (as example).
• Connect the PC (where the SCT/LCT program has been installed) to LAN or RS232interface port.
ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
10
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004130
• Run the program
Warning: it is assumed that the SCT/LCT program is well known. Otherwise refer tothe program help on–line for details.
• Open the menu “Equipment” and then LCT interface and then Synchronisation andthen set parameters.
• Set “T0 operation control” in free running.
• Open “VC4 East/West” window and then “setting” window.Set the signal label to “TUG structure and then press “apply”. Open window “TUG3setting” and enable VC12 in any TUG3 structure.
• Select tributaries and then 2 Mbit/s slot 1 setting windows
• Close the braker of line 9 then in VC12 setting windows assign the signal label of Txand Rx as asynchronous
• Open the “cross–connect” window.
• Set–up the cross–connect matrix from VC12–3/TUG2–3/TUG3–1/STM–1 Westcross–connected to tributary 9.
• Select tributaries and then 2 Mbit/s slot 1 setting windows from LCT interface.
• Press Details... and check that VC12 number 9 does not display any alarm and thebreaker is closed on the trib. line under test as shown in Fig. 10.4.
• Perform a bit error rate measurement and check for no errors.
Fig. 10.1 1+0 terminal multiplexer bench set–up
Tributaryinterface
unit
Tributaryports
Pattern/generatorerror detector
STM–1interfaceWest side
(LIU)
Managementinterface
SCT/LCT
Tx
Rx
LAN or RS232interface port
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 131
10.4 1+1 OR DROP–INSERT MULTIPLEXER EQUIPMENTFUNCTIONALITY TEST
Proceed as follows:
• Set–up the test bench of Fig. 10.2.
• Perform a physical loop between the two STM–1 aggregates, East/West sides of theLIU. The LIU –R connections must be disconnected.
• Connect a pattern generator/error detector to in/out connector number 9 of tributaryunit 1 (as example).
• Connect the PC (where the SCT/LCT program has been installed) to LAN or RS232interface port.
• Run the program.
Warning: it is assumed that the SCT/LCT program is well known. Otherwise refer tothe program help on–line for details.
• Open the menu “Equipment” and then LCT interface and then Synchronisation andthen set parameters.
• Set “T0 operation control” in free running.
• Open “VC4 East/West” window and then “setting” window.Set the signal label to “TUG structure and then press “apply”. Open window “TUG3setting” and enable VC12 in any TUG3 structure.
• Select tributaries and then 2 Mbit/s slot 1 setting windows.
• Close the braker of line 9 then in VC12 setting windows assign the signal label of Txand Rx as asynchronous.
• Open the “cross–connect” window.
• Set–up the cross–connect matrix as shown in Fig. 10.3.Fig. 10.3 shows VC12–3/TUG2–3/TUG3–1/STM–1 West cross–connected totributary 9 as primary line while VC12–3/TUG2–3/TUG3–1/STM–1 Eastcross–connected as secondary line.The darker colour into square P indicates the line in service.
• Select tributary and then PPI setting windows from LCT interface.
• Press Details... of PPI 1–9 and check that VC12 number 9 does not display any alarmand the breaker is closed on the trib. line under test as shown in Fig. 10.4.
• Perform a bit error rate measurement and check for no errors.
• Remove cable from Rx side of STM–1, west side.
• Check the changeover from primary line to secondary line. The changeover isindicated by the change of colour density. The darker colour into square S indicatesthe line in service.
• If wished, repeat the same test by cross–connecting other VC12s and change theposition of pattern generator to another tributary line.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004132
10.5 LASER FUNCTIONALITY TEST
10.5.1 Switch–on procedure
• Connect Tx West (East) to Rx West (East) as shown in Fig. 10.5.
• Run SCT/LCT program and look for STM–1 East/West window.
• Click on STM–1 West (East) of LCT program until window of Fig. 10.6 is displayed.
• Set Automatic Shutdown to “auto” mode.
• Check that Leds “ACT” West and East are ON.
In case of opposite situation is shown, wait for expiration of “x” time present in “Auto RestartTime” box (range from 60 to 300 sec.).
Note: The laser is switched on every “x” seconds for 2 seconds thus permitting the opposite sidelaser to receive and consequently the two transmitters to be switched on.
If faster laser switch–on is required, set “automatic shut down” to “manual” mode and then press“restart” to send immediately the switch–on control.
Note: If laser power measurement is required, set “automatic shut–down” to “test” mode, presettest time from 2 to 100 sec. and then press “Restart” to activate the test.
10.5.2 Automatic laser shutdown check
• Set automatic shutdown to “auto” mode
• Remove the optical cable from Rx West (East) side the optical cable and check thatLed “ACT” goes off.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 133
Fig. 10.2 Bench set–up
Tributaryinterface
unit
Tributaryports
Pattern/generatorerror detector
STM–1interfaceEast side
(LIU)
STM–1interfaceWest side
(LIU)
Managementinterface
SCT/LCT
Tx
Rx
Tx
Rx
LAN or RS232interface port
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004134
Fig. 10.3 Cross–connect matrix set–up
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 135
Fig. 10.4 Tributary line set–up
Line under test
Fig. 10.5 Laser functionality test
Tx
Rx
Tx
Rx
West Side East Side
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004136
Fig. 10.6 Laser facilities
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 137
ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
5Section
Maintenance
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004138
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 139
11. MAINTENANCE GUIDELINES
11.1 GENERAL
Maintenance normally consists of two steps:
• periodical checks
• corrective.
Periodical checks have the purpose to verify the equipment performances in absence of alarmcondition.
This can be done by connecting the SCT/LCT program to the supervision ports and then runthe G.826 performances made over the SOH (bytes B1/B2/M1) and over any individual VC12path (BIP–2 of VC5).
This checks can be also done through the NMS5UX system permanently connected in thenetwork to be supervised.
Corrective maintenance takes place as soon as one or more alarm conditions are in existence.The sequence of operation to be carried out is shown in Fig. 11.1.
ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
11
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004140
Fig. 11.1 Flow diagram: Corrective maintenance
START
YES
NO
IN THE STATION IN THE MAINTENANCE CENTER
Activation of one or morealarm indicators on the
equipment front or displayedby the connected software
programs: (SCT/LCTor NMS5UX)
Location of the faulty module(see document “Troubleshooting”)
Request of unitreplacement
Withdrawal of the spare unit
Replacement of the faulty unitwith the spare one and unitrealignment if necessary
Has the alarmindication
disappeared?
Normal conditionrestored
Forwarding of the faulty moduleto the repair center
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 141
12. UNIT REPLACEMENT
12.1 UNIT REPLACEMENT
The correct procedure for unit replacement is described in this chapter.
LIU, Tributary interface units (TIU), MIU
• Disconnect all external cables from the faulty unit.
• Extract the faulty unit by means of special handles
• Insert the spare unit, push until the front panel is aligned with the other cards.
• Check by SCT that the inserted unit has been located by the system.
SMU
• Disconnect all external cables from the faulty unit.
• Extract the faulty unit by means of special handles
• Insert the spare unit, push until the front panel is aligned with the other cards.Check that Red Led is ON and after about 10 sec. is OFF.
• Check by SCT that the inserted unit has been located by the system.
MCU, SMCU
• Disconnect all external cables from the faulty unit.
• Extract the faulty unit by means of special handles
• Insert the spare unit, push until the front panel is aligned with the other cards.Wait for the start of unit (about 1 minute) than by SCT configure again the new unit likethe one before replaced (if necessary by downloading of a saved configuration).Check that configuration is correct, then activate the unit by SCT–> equipment –> start–> start application (the status mark must switch from red to green).
ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
12
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004142
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 143
13. ACCESSORIES
13.1 LIST AND USE OF ACCESSORIES
To make easier the use of the accessories, their detailed explanation and use on the equipmentare here below provided.
Tab. 13.1
SIAE code Accessories Use
F15056LC/LC
L = 3 m
Optical fibre cable for localloop S.1–1, L.1–1, L.1–2
F15055LC/LC
L = 3 m
Optical fibre cable for localloop I1
F15041(FC–PC/LC)MULTIMODE
L = 3 m
Optical fibre cable for con-necting optical–interfaceequipment to instrumentswith FC–PC connections
F15039(FC–PC/LC)SINGLEMODE
L = 3 m
F201541.0/2.3/BNC
L = 3 m
Cable for measurement on2 Mbit/s 75 Ohm tributarychannels or STM–1 elec-trical interface
F03365
L = 2.5 m
26–pin cable for measure-ments on 2 Mbit/s, 120Ohm tributary channels
Z17659 Tool for tributary 75 Ohmcable extraction
ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
13
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004144
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 145
14. TROUBLESHOOTING
14.1 GENERAL
An abnormal operating condition occurs whenever one of the following alarm condition: criticalmajor, minor and warning is activated on the front (see Fig. 14.1, Fig. 14.2 and Fig. 14.3) ordisplayed by the managers SCT/NMS5UX.Investigation must be made in order to discover if cause of faulty/degradation is attributed to theequipment or is external to the equipment. In case of equipment failure, it is necessary to locatethe faulty unit and replace it with spare.
Warning: if the controller unit is faulty the equipment configuration must be loaded as perprocedure of chapter 15, par. 3.
14.2 FAULT LOCATION
The best and reliable method of investigation consists of the alarm root processing.
To the purpose proceed as follows:
• run the SCT program
• perform the connection to the network through the SCT
• select the alarmed unit
• select menu “Equipment” and then “View current alarms”
Fig. 14.4 will be shown and the current alarm roots will be displayed.
All the traps (alarm roots) are grouped in equipment functionalities in order to make theinvestigation easy. The traps grouped into PPI group alarms, sets group alarms, STM–1 groupalarms, generally indicates external alarms not given by the equipment.
The “Unit alarm grouping” indicates an equipment faulty unit.
The faulty unit must be replaced with spare.
ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
14
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004146
Fig. 14.1 Alarm indications for ADM–1 4RU version
C36054
2M
1 11111
12 16
C36054
2M
1 11111
12 16
C36054
2M
1 11111
12 16
C36054
2M
1 11111
12 16
C36054
2M
1 11111
12 161612
1 1111
1
2M
C36054
C36054
2M
1 11111
12 161612
1 1111
1
2M
C36054
–+
C36050
ON
ON
C36050
+ –
R
BAA
LSCM m
WT
ES
TR
S232
SC
TU
SE
R I/O
& V
11
C36058
EO
W
2MC
36056A
CT
C36056
2M
C36060
10 Base T
RX
TX
C36064
LOS
EW
LOS
LOS
WE
LOS
C36064
LAN
Pow
er O
N
LOS
(Lo
ss O
f ST
M–1
Sig
nal)
ALS
CM m
WT
ES
T
ALA
RM
AR
EA
Crit
ical
Aut
omat
ic (
lase
r)sh
ut d
own
disa
bled
War
ning
Maj
or
Min
orM
anua
lop
erat
or
R
Res
etµ
P
activ
ity
AC
TW
orki
ng c
ondi
tion
Car
d fa
il
* O
N la
ser
ON
(op
tiona
l uni
t)
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 147
Fig. 14.2 Alarm indications for ADM–1 2RU version
AC
TA
CT
WE
C36063
C36063
C36
054
1
1111
112
16
R
BA
ALSC
M mW
TE
ST
RS
232S
CT
US
ER
I/O &
V11
C36058
EO
W
C36056
AC
T
C36056
2M
C36060
RX
TX
C36
054
1
1111
112
16
C36
054
1
1111
112
16
2M
C36
054
1
1111
112
16
ON ON
ALS
CM m
WT
ES
T
ALA
RM
AR
EA
Crit
ical
Aut
omat
ic (
lase
r)sh
ut d
own
disa
bled
War
ning
Maj
or
Min
orM
anua
lop
erat
or
R
Res
etµ
AC
TW
orki
ng c
ondi
tion
Car
d fa
ilTX
LOS
Loss
of S
TM
–1 s
igna
lLa
ser
ON
(op
tical
uni
t)O
N
Res
etµ
P
Pow
er O
NLA
N a
ctiv
ity
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004148
Fig. 14.3 Alarm indications for ADM–1 1RU version
AC
TA
CT
WE
C36063
C36063
ALSC
M mW
TE
ST
RS
232S
CT
US
ER
I/O &
V11
C36058
EO
W
C36
054
1
1111
112
16
C36
054
1
1111
112
16
ON
ALS
CM m
WT
ES
T
ALA
RM
AR
EA
Crit
ical
Aut
omat
ic (
lase
r)sh
ut d
own
disa
bled
War
ning
Maj
or
Min
orM
anua
lop
erat
or
LOS
Loss
of S
TM
–1 s
igna
lLa
ser
ON
(op
tical
uni
t)O
N
W
Pow
er O
N
Res
etµ
P
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 149
Fig. 14.4 Equipment current alarm
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004150
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 151
15. PROCEDURES TO BACKUP THEFULL EQUIPMENTCONFIGURATION
15.1 GENERAL
The full equipment configuration backup is used in case of replacement of faulty controller unitwith spare. The equipment configuration download permits to restore the equipment originaloperating condition.
Warning: As soon as the download has been executed and the new parameters stored in thecontroller MIB it is necessary to proceed for their activation in the following way:
1. run the SCT program
2. from “Subnetwork Craft Terminal window” select menu “Equipment” and then “LCTInterface” until “Add Drop Multiplexer” window is displayed.
3. Select row “Equipment” from “Equipment View” until “Equipment” window is displayed.
4. From “Equipment” select “Start” and “Start Applications” to finish.
15.2 CONFIGURATION UPLOAD
Foreword: It is advisable to upload the configuration during the first installation. Proceed asfollows by using the SCT/LCT software program:
1. Select “Equipment Configuration Wizard” from menu “Tools”; “EquipmentConfiguration Wizard” window will be displayed.
2. Select “Upload” and then “Backup Full Equipment Configuration”; “TemplateSelection” window will be displayed.
ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
15
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004152
3. Select the correct equipment template (in case of uncorrected choice the backup willbe aborted).
4. Press OK and then select the equipment to be uploaded from “Upload ConfigurationFile” window.
5. Press OK and then edit the file name from “Save backup as” window.
6. Press Save; “Equipment Configuration Wizard: Complete Backup” window will appear.
The window shows dynamically the backup procedure. If everything is OK, at the endof the upload will appear the word “done” showing the procedure success.
7. Press OK to finish.
15.3 CONFIGURATION DOWNLOAD
Once the spare basic shelf has been installed proceed as follows:
1. Select “Equipment Configuration Wizard” from menu “Tools”. “EquipmentConfiguration Wizard” window will be displayed.
2. Select “Download” and then “Restore Full Equipment Configuration” fromEquipment Configuration Wizard. “Select Backup File” window will be displayed.
3. Select the wanted backup file with extension .bku you are looking for and then pressOpen. “Download Configuration File” window will be displayed.
4. Select the equipment to download and then press OK; “Equipment ConfigurationWizard: Complete restore” window will be displayed. This window shows dynamically the download operation. The word “done” indicates that download has been successfully.
5. Press OK to finish.
Warning: In case of addresses change it is necessary to restart the equipment.
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 153
ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
6Section
Programming andsupervision
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004154
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 155
16. EQUIPMENT PROGRAMMING ANDSUPERVISION
16.1 GENERAL
The ADM equipment has been designed to be easily programmed and supervised. To thepurpose the following software programs can be used:
• SCT/LCT: management and supervision of an IP/OSI subnetwork consisting of up to100 SIAE network elements
• NMS5–UX: management and supervision of an IP/OSI network consisting of SIAEnetwork elements
For program details refer to the corresponding documentation. SCT/LCT documentation isavailable as help on–line.
ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
16
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004156
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 157
ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
7Section
Composition
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004158
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 159
17. EQUIPMENT COMPOSITION
17.1 GENERAL
ADM–1 is a very flexible and modular platform that can be used forterminal/linear–add–drop/ring–add–drop applications, either as 1+0 or 1+1 multiplexer.
The ADM–1 consists of a 19” compatible sub–rack available in three different mechanicalversions.
17.2 ADM–1 4RU MECHANICAL LAYOUT
Fig. 17.1 ADM–1 4RU version
TIUor
TIU TSU
TIUor
TIU TSU
TIUor
TIU Co
ver
TIUor
TIU Co
ver
TIU TIU TIU TIU
ÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓÓ
17
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004160
The ADM–1 4 RU version shelf can house the following units:
• eight tributary interface unit (TIU) – TIU modules include tributary traffic interfaces (E1,STM–1, E3/T3 or Ethernet)
• two power supply unit (PSU main and reserve)
• one management interface unit (MIU) (optional)
• two SDH multiplexing unit (SMU main and reserve) – SMU modules include SDHprocessing and cross–connect functionality
• one main controller unit (MCU) – MCU module includes the main system CPU andprovides Service channels, LCT access and alarms IN/OUT
• two line interface unit (LIU main and reserve) – LIU modules provide STM–1 or STM–4aggregate traffic interfaces
• two tributary switch unit (TSU) – TSU modules provide tributary (STM–1, E3/T3,Ethernet) traffic protection switch
17.2.1 ADM–1 4RU version configuration list
Depending on the equipping of the common parts, the ADM–1 can be configured as shown inthe following table.
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 161
Tab. 17.1
Configurations MCU LIU–M LIU–R SMU–M SMU–R TIU2 Mb/s
(E1)
TIU 34/45Mb/s,
STM1 Eth
TSU
(E1) STM1, Eth
Unprotected
1+0 terminal multiple-xer (see Fig. 17.2)
X X – X – X X –
1+0 double terminalmultiplexer with up to63 E1 (see Fig. 17.2)
X X – X – X X –
1+0 double terminalmultiplexer with up to126 E1 (seeFig. 17.3)
X X – X X X X –
1+0 drop–insert withup to 63 E1 (seeFig. 17.2)
X X – X – X X –
1+0 drop–insert withup to 126 E1(seeFig. 17.3)
X X – X X X X –
Protected
1+1 terminal multiple-xer with line protec-tion (see Fig. 17.2)
X X – X – X X –
1+1 terminal multiple-xer with line andequipment protection(see Fig. 17.5)
X X X X X X X –
1+1 terminal multiple-xer with line, equip-ment and tributaryprotection (seeFig. 17.6)
X X X X X X X X
1+1 drop–insert withline protection (seeFig. 17.4)
X X X X – X X –
1+1 with drop–insertwith line and equipe-ment protection (seeFig. 17.5)
X X X X X X X –
1+1 drop–insert withline, equipment andtributary protection(see Fig. 17.6)
X X X X X X X X
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004162
The power supply (PSU) can be duplicated (for redundancy) in all the above mentionedconfigurations.
Fig. 17.2
Coveror
TIU Co
ver
Coveror
TIU Co
ver
Cover
Cover
Coveror
TIU Co
ver
Coveror
TIU Co
ver
E3/T3, STM1, Ethernetup to 63E1
TIU TIU TIU TIU
Fig. 17.3
TIUor
TIU Co
ver
TIUor
TIU Co
ver
Cover
TIUor
TIU Co
ver
TIUor
TIU Co
ver
E3/T3, STM1, Ethernet
Additional E1
up to 63E1
TIU TIU TIU TIU
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 163
Fig. 17.4
Coveror
TIU Co
ver
Coveror
TIU Co
ver
Cover
Coveror
TIU Co
ver
Coveror
TIU Co
ver
E3/T3, STM1, Ethernetup to 63E1
TIU TIU TIU TIU
Fig. 17.5
TIUor
TIU Co
ver
TIUor
TIU Co
ver
TIUor
TIU Co
ver
TIUor
TIU Co
ver
E3/T3, STM1, Ethernet
Additional E1
up to 63E1
TIU TIU TIU TIU
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004164
Fig. 17.6
TIUor
TIU TSU
TIUor
TIU TSU
TIUor
TIU Cov
er
TIUor
TIU Cov
er
E3/T3, STM1, Ethernet(redundancy with switch)
Additional E1
up to 63E1
TIU TIU TIU TIU
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 165
17.3 ADM–1 2RU MECHANICAL LAYOUT
Fig. 17.7 ADM–1 2RU version
PSU–R
PSU–M
MIU
TU
LIUSMU
TUTU
MCU PSU–RPSU–R
PSU–MPSU–M
MIUMIU
TUTU
LIULIUSMUSMU
TUTUTUTU
MCUMCU
TUTUTIU or
TIU
cover TUTUTIU or
TIU
cover TUTUTIU or
TIU
cover TUTUTIU or
TIU
cover
The ADM–1 2 RU version shelf can house the following units:
• four tributary interface unit (TIU) – TIU modules include tributary traffic interfaces (E1,STM–1, E3/T3 or Ethernet)
• two power supply unit (PSU main and reserve)
• one management interface unit (MIU)
• one SDH multiplexing unit (SMU) – SMU modules include SDH processing andcross–connect functionality
• one main controller unit (MCU) – MCU module includes the main system CPU andprovides Service channels, LCT access and alarms IN/OUT
• one line interface unit (LIU) – LIU modules provide STM–1 or STM–4 aggregate trafficinterfaces
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004166
17.3.1 ADM–1 2RU version configuration list
With the same common part equipment the ADM–1 can be configured as shown in the followingtable:
Tab. 17.2
Configurations MCU LIU SMU TIU
2 Mb/s(E1)
34/45 Mb/s,STM1, Eth
Unprotected
1+0 terminal multiplexerwith up to 63 E1 (see Fig. 17.8)
1+0 double terminal multi-plexer with up to 63 E1
(see Fig. 17.8)
X X X X X
1+0 drop–insert with up to63 E1 (see Fig. 17.8)
Protected
1+1 terminal multiplexerwith line protection
(see Fig. 17.8)X X X X X
The power supply (PSU) can be duplicated for redundancy.
Fig. 17.8 ADM–1 2RU version
PSU–R
PSU–M
MIU
TU
LIUSMU
TUTU
MCU PSU–RPSU–R
PSU–MPSU–M
MIUMIU
TUTU
LIULIUSMUSMU
TUTUTUTU
MCUMCU
TUTUTIU or
TIU
cover TUTUTIU or
TIU
cover TUTUTIU or
TIU
cover TUTUTIU or
TIU
cover
Up to 63xE1 or
34/45 Mbit/s, STM–1, Eth
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004 167
17.4 ADM–1 1RU MECHANICAL LAYOUT
Fig. 17.9 ADM–1 1RU version
TIU
coverTIU or
TIU
coverTIU or
The ADM–1 1 RU version shelf can house the following units:
• two tributary interface unit (TIU) – TIU modules include tributary traffic interfaces (E1,STM–1, E3/T3 or Ethernet)
• one power supply unit
• one SDH multiplexing and main controller unit (SMCU) – SMCU modules include:
– SDH processing and cross–connect functionality
– the main system CPU and provides Service channels, LCT access and alarmsIN/OUT
• one line interface unit (LIU) – LIU modules provide STM–1 aggregate traffic interfaces
1. TITOLO DEL CAPITOLOCM.89012.I
CM.89012.I
ADM–1 – MN.00114.E – 004168
17.4.1 ADM–1 1RU version configuration list
With the same common part equipment, the ADM–1 can be configured as shown in the followingtable.
Tab. 17.3
Configurations PSU LIU SMCU TIU
2 Mb/s(E1)
34/45 Mb/s,STM1, Eth
Unprotected
1+0 terminal multiplexerwith up to 32 E1 (see
Fig. 17.10)
1+0 double terminal multi-plexer with up to 32 E1
(see Fig. 17.10)
X X X X X
1+0 drop–insert with up to32 E1 (see Fig. 17.10)
Protected
1+1 terminal multiplexerwith line protection (see
Fig. 17.10)X X X X X
Fig. 17.10 ADM–1 RU version
TIU
coverTIU or
TIU
coverTIU or
Up to 32 x E1 or
34/45 Mbit/s,STM1, Eth