Miscellaneous Miscellaneous abnormalitiesabnormalities
Presented by Martin ReagonPresented by Martin Reagon
Debs FarrDebs Farr
20112011
Electrolyte imbalancesElectrolyte imbalances
Hyperkalaemia Hyperkalaemia
HypokalaemiaHypokalaemia
HypocalcaemiaHypocalcaemia
HypercalcaemiaHypercalcaemia
HyperKalaemiaHyperKalaemia
Peaked T wave Peaked T wave ( empire state ( empire state building!)building!)
P wave flatteningP wave flattening Prolonged PRProlonged PR QRS widensQRS widens Increase in size of U Increase in size of U
wavewave
T wave flatteningT wave flattening ST depressionST depression Prolonged QT intervalProlonged QT interval U waveU wave
Nb – Hypomagnesia Nb – Hypomagnesia can be identical!can be identical!
Hypercalcemia Hypercalcemia
Malignant tumoursMalignant tumours Excessive vitamin dExcessive vitamin d May be life threatening!!!!!!May be life threatening!!!!!! ECG- Shortens QT intervalECG- Shortens QT interval
Digitalis EffectDigitalis Effect
Digitalis toxicityDigitalis toxicity
ST depressionST depression Characteristic sag Characteristic sag
HypothermiaHypothermia
Core body temperature of Core body temperature of < < 95 degrees95 degrees Prolongation of QRSProlongation of QRS BradycardiaBradycardia Development of J wave Development of J wave
• Distinctive narrow positive wave the Osborn Distinctive narrow positive wave the Osborn wave/J wave/J deflection/camel’s humpwave/J wave/J deflection/camel’s hump
• Occurs at the junction of the QRS complex and ST Occurs at the junction of the QRS complex and ST segmentsegment
Pulmonary Embolism
S1Q3T3 pattern
a prominent S wave in lead I a Q wave and inverted T wave in lead III
sinus tachycardia T wave inversion in leads V1 - V3 Right Bundle Branch Block low amplitude deflections
.
A 40 year old woman with pleuritic chest pain and breathlessness