Download - Mass Movements aka Landslides
Mass MovementsMass Movementsakaaka
LandslidesLandslides
Def: movement of sediment Def: movement of sediment due to GRAVITYdue to GRAVITY..
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QdsxtCtX5nk&feature=player_detailpage
ROCKFALL
Rockfall- bouldersRockfall- boulders
ROCKSLIDE
I-40 North CarolinaI-40 North CarolinaNov. 2009Nov. 2009
►http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZVYGJYnJTi0
AVALANCHEAVALANCHE
► Fast movement of Fast movement of snowsnow
► Caused by a weak Caused by a weak layer of snow layer of snow underneath surfaceunderneath surface
► Usually in SpringUsually in Spring►http://www.youtube.
com/watch?v=B0RWLxOFGLY
Avalanche Danger In Colorado At 30 Year High, Says Expert; 6 Fatalities So Far This Season
Snowbird, UT Snowbird, UT Nov. 2011Nov. 2011
► Jamie Pierre, here performing an extreme jump, was killed while snowboarding near Gad Valley on
Sunday.
TellurideTelluride
http://www.nwac.us/media/http://www.nwac.us/media/uploads/documents/accidents/uploads/documents/accidents/
US_avalanche_fatalities_by_userUS_avalanche_fatalities_by_user_group_by_year_1997-2XXX.pdf_group_by_year_1997-2XXX.pdf
Mudflow/LaharMudflow/Lahar
►Mudflow- clay mixed with waterMudflow- clay mixed with water►Usually in spring- snowmeltUsually in spring- snowmelt
►Lahar- volcanic ash mixed with waterLahar- volcanic ash mixed with water
MudflowMudflowJava 2007Java 2007
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VMJiibdVYjE&feature=player_popout
►http://www.youtube.com/http://www.youtube.com/watch_popup?watch_popup?v=VMJiibdVYjE&vq=small#t=34v=VMJiibdVYjE&vq=small#t=34
Lahar
MT ST HELENS
SLUMPSLUMP►Saturation of water + Saturation of water + loss of friction causes loss of friction causes
soil soil belowbelow surface layer surface layer to drop downhill.to drop downhill.
►Surface stays intactSurface stays intact
CREEPCREEP
► SLOW movement of SLOW movement of soilsoil
► Causes tilting of Causes tilting of objectsobjects
► Usually soilUsually soil► Result of Result of
freeze/thawfreeze/thaw
CREEP
CreepCreep
SOLIFLUCTIONSOLIFLUCTION
► IN ARTIC CLIMATESIN ARTIC CLIMATES► In spring when top layer melts, moves In spring when top layer melts, moves
slowly over permafrostslowly over permafrost
ARE MASS MOVEMENTS ARE MASS MOVEMENTS WEATHERING OR WEATHERING OR EROSION?EROSION?
Factors influencing Mass Factors influencing Mass MovementMovement
► 1. Amount of moisture1. Amount of moisture More adds weight and makes slipperyMore adds weight and makes slippery
► 2. angle of slope2. angle of slope► 3. lack of vegetation3. lack of vegetation
Roots hold back movementRoots hold back movement► 4. rock type4. rock type
Sedimentary worstSedimentary worst► 5. Roundness of particle5. Roundness of particle
Rounder move fasterRounder move faster
Mass movementsMass movements
►Cost US $4 billion per yearCost US $4 billion per year
►http://landslides.usgs.gov/recent/http://landslides.usgs.gov/recent/index.php?year=2009&month=Octindex.php?year=2009&month=Oct
Landslide Causes?Landslide Causes?
►http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JrV4uCVwmfkv=JrV4uCVwmfk
Laguna Beach 2005Laguna Beach 2005
Philippines Feb. 2006Philippines Feb. 20061800 dead1800 dead
Sleeping bear dunes 1995Sleeping bear dunes 1995
Prevention methodsPrevention methods
► Fences/wallsFences/walls Temporary fixTemporary fix Gravity will win Gravity will win
eventually!eventually!
Prevention methodsPrevention methods
► Leave enough Leave enough space!space!
Prevention methodsPrevention methods
► Leave enough Leave enough space!space!
Prevention methodsPrevention methods
► Plant vegetationPlant vegetation► Roots act as Roots act as
anchorsanchors
Prevention methodsPrevention methods
► Provide good drainage- excellent way!Provide good drainage- excellent way!
Prevention methodsPrevention methods
► Provide good Provide good drainagedrainage