Download - Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 2, Chapter 51 Tobacco

Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions

Lesson 2, Chapter 5 1

TobaccoTobacco


Lesson 2, Chapter 5, Tobacco 2

MotivationMotivation• Using tobacco is not

a healthy choice.• Today, you’ll learn

about tobacco’s dangers and how you can make the choice to be tobacco free for life.



Lesson overviewLesson overview• What is tobacco?• What are the different types of tobacco

products?• What is in tobacco?• How does tobacco affect the user's body?• What does tobacco do to a person's

appearance?



Lesson overview (cont’d)Lesson overview (cont’d)• Who buys tobacco?

• What are the short-term and long-term effects of tobacco use?

• How expensive a habit is tobacco use?

• What is tobacco addiction?

• How many Americans do not smoke?

• What is withdrawal?



Lesson overview (cont’d)Lesson overview (cont’d)

• What does tobacco use cost society?• Why do some teens start using

tobacco?• How can you avoid becoming a tobacco

user?• What strategies can you use to break

the tobacco habit?



Quick WriteQuick Write

Why do some teens begin using tobacco? List all the reasons you can think of.



What is tobacco? What is tobacco? • Plant grown in warm, humid climates• Leaves dried, aged, mixed with chemicals• Products made for smoking and chewing• Contains powerful drug that makes user want

more• Harmful to health• Major cause of early and preventable death



What are the different types of tobacco products?

What are the different types of tobacco products?

• Types of tobacco products• Cigarettes• Cigars • Pipes• Smokeless tobacco • Specialty cigarettes



What are the different types of tobacco products? (cont’d)


• Cigarettes • Most common form of tobacco• Smoked by millions of people• Smokers at increased risk for certain diseases• Cause more than 430,000 deaths in U.S. each

year





• Cigars • Contain same substances as cigarettes but in

larger quantities• Cigar smokers have greater risk of

• Cancer of mouth, larynx, and esophagus • Heart disease





• Pipes • Pipe smokers inhale less than cigarette

smokers.• Pipe smokers still have increased health

risks.• Cancers of lip, mouth, and throat are

common in pipe smokers.





• Smokeless tobacco • Tobacco that is chewed or sniffed• Not safer than inhaled tobacco products

• Poisonous substances absorbed through mouth or nose

• Cancers of the mouth, esophagus, larynx, stomach, and pancreas

• Stained teeth, tooth loss, gum disease





• Specialty cigarettes • Bidis

• Flavored, unfiltered cigarettes

• Some contain pure tobacco• Clove cigarettes

• Made from tobacco and ground cloves• More dangerous than regular cigarettes



What is in tobacco?What is in tobacco?• Approximately 4,000 chemicals

• Over 200 chemicals dangerous to humans, including• Nicotine• Tar• Carbon monoxide



What is in tobacco? (cont’d)What is in tobacco? (cont’d)

• Nicotine • This drug reaches the brain quickly and

creates feeling of stimulation.• When chemicals have left the brain, user

begins to feel discomfort.• Desire to avoid discomfort causes user to

crave more tobacco.



What is in tobacco? (cont’d)What is in tobacco? (cont’d)

• Tar • Enters lungs and leaves residue• Destroys cilia and air sacs in lungs• Can make breathing difficult• Can cause emphysema, other lung diseases,

cancer



What is in tobacco? (cont’d)What is in tobacco? (cont’d)• Carbon monoxide

• Passes through lungs into bloodstream• Reduces amount of oxygen blood cells can

carry• Weakens muscles and blood vessels• May lead to heart attacks and stroke



How does tobacco affect the user’s body?

How does tobacco affect the user’s body?

• The chemicals in tobacco and tobacco smoke • Cause damage to most body systems• Are particularly damaging to teens, who are

still growing• Cause both short-term and long-term effects



What does tobacco do to a person’s appearance?

What does tobacco do to a person’s appearance?

• Lingering smell on hands, hair, breath, clothing

• Stained teeth and fingers• Older look because the skin wrinkles• Cracked lips, inflamed gums, mouth sores



Who buys tobacco?Who buys tobacco?• Tobacco is big business in the U.S.• Tobacco companies spend billions each year

selling tobacco products.• Companies want to attract new users. • Children and teens represent most profitable

market.



What are the short-term and long-term effects of tobacco

use?


use?• Nervous system

• Short-term effects

• Changes in brain chemistry• Withdrawal symptoms • Increased heart rate and blood pressure




use? (cont’d)


use? (cont’d)

• Nervous system• Long-term effects

• Increased risk of stroke because of decreased flow of oxygen to brain




use? (cont’d)


use? (cont’d)

• Circulatory system• Short-term effects

• Increased heart rate• Reduced energy because of less oxygen to body

tissues




use? (cont’d)


use? (cont’d)• Circulatory system

• Long-term effects• Weakened and narrowed blood vessels• Increased cholesterol levels• Clogged blood vessels due to fatty buildup• Reduced oxygen flow to heart• Greater risk of heart disease and stroke




use? (cont’d)


use? (cont’d)• Respiratory system

• Short-term effects• Bad breath• Shortness of breath• Reduced energy• Coughing and more phlegm• More frequent colds and flu




use? (cont’d)


use? (cont’d)• Increase in allergies and asthma• Increase in respiratory illnesses

• Respiratory system• Long-term effects

• Increased risk of lung cancer and lung diseases




use? (cont’d)


use? (cont’d)• Digestive system

• Short-term effects• Upset stomach• Bad breath• Stained teeth• Dulled taste buds• Tooth decay




use? (cont’d)


use? (cont’d)• Digestive system

• Long-term effects

• Cancer of mouth and throat• Gum and tooth disease• Stomach ulcers• Bladder cancer



How expensive a habit is tobacco use?

How expensive a habit is tobacco use?

• People who use tobacco• Frequently pay higher health insurance rates• Generally have more doctor and dental bills• Spend around $5.80 for each pack of

cigarettes• Will spend over $2,109 each year on

cigarettes



What is tobacco addiction?What is tobacco addiction?

• Addiction—a physical or psychological need for a drug

• Nicotine causes two types of addiction.• Physical dependence • Psychological dependence



How many Americans do not smoke?

How many Americans do not smoke?

• Most adults and teens who smoke would like to quit.

• 44 million Americans are now former smokers.

• The number of Americans who don’t smoke has been rising steadily.



How many Americans do not smoke? (cont’d)

How many Americans do not smoke? (cont’d)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1970

1974

1979

1983

1988

1992

1995

1998

Former Smoker

Never Smoked

Selected years

Number of

adults, in

millions

Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention



What is withdrawal?What is withdrawal?• Withdrawal

• Physical symptoms • Craving to use nicotine

• Headaches

• Shakiness

• Fatigue

• Increased appetite

• Nausea



What is withdrawal? (cont’d)What is withdrawal? (cont’d)

• Psychological symptoms• Feeling irritable, anxious, nervous

• Feeling anxious

• Feeling nervous

• Sadness

• Trouble thinking during the day and sleeping during the night



What does tobacco use cost society?

What does tobacco use cost society?

• Secondhand smoke • Mainstream smoke—what a smoker inhales

and exhales• Sidestream smoke—given off by the burning

end of a cigar, cigarette, or pipe



What does tobacco use cost society? (cont’d)

What does tobacco use cost society? (cont’d)

• Nonsmokers exposed to secondhand smoke can develop

• Respiratory illnesses• Lung disease• Heart disease• Cancer

• Infants and young children have more colds, ear infections, allergies, asthma



What does tobacco cost society? (cont’d)


• Public health costs• Costs of health insurance and medical care

increase for everyone.

• Costs to nation’s economy• People miss work. • Fewer goods or services are produced.• Less money is made.





• Pregnancy and tobacco• Pregnant women who smoke risk low birth

weight babies and premature delivery.• Nicotine and carbon monoxide keep

nutrients and oxygen from the fetus.• SIDS is higher when parents smoke.



Why do some teens start using tobacco?

Why do some teens start using tobacco?

• Internal influences• Stress• Weight• Image• Independence• Peer acceptance



Why do some teens start using tobacco? (cont’d)

Why do some teens start using tobacco? (cont’d)

• External influences• Imitate role model• Peers• Entertainment• Advertising• Family members and other adults



How can you avoid becoming a tobacco user?

How can you avoid becoming a tobacco user?

• Do not start using tobacco products.

• 90% of adult smokers began smoking before the age of 21.

• Half became regular smokers by age 18.

• Avoiding tobacco in middle school or high school will increase chances you will never start.



How can you avoid becoming a tobacco user? (cont’d)

How can you avoid becoming a tobacco user? (cont’d)

• Strategies to resist peer pressure to use tobacco• Choose friends who don’t use tobacco.• Avoid situations where tobacco products may be

used.• Use refusal skills.



What strategies can you use to break the tobacco habit?

What strategies can you use to break the tobacco habit?

• Quit gradually• Quit cold turkey• Nicotine patch or nicotine gum• Local support groups and organized

programs• Professional counselors



Lesson reviewLesson review• Tobacco is a plant whose leaves are dried,

aged, mixed with chemicals, and then used to make various products for smoking or chewing.

• Tobacco products include cigarettes, cigars, pipe tobacco, smokeless tobacco, and specialty cigarettes such as bidis and clove cigarettes.

• Substances in tobacco include nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide.



Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• Nicotine is the addictive drug found in

tobacco leaves and in all tobacco products.• Tobacco causes damage to most systems in a

user’s body.• Tobacco can damage a user’s appearance,

causing things such as wrinkles, tooth and mouth problems, and bad odor.



Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• Many people use tobacco, but most U.S.

adults do not. • The tobacco industry tries to attract young

people to replace users who have quit or died.• Short-term effects of tobacco use include

increased heart rate and blood pressure, reduced energy, respiratory problems, and tooth decay.



Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• Long-term effects of tobacco use include

weakened and clogged blood vessels as well as greater risk of cancer, stroke, and heart and lung diseases.

• Smokers may pay over $1,000 per year for a pack-a-day habit. (The 2005 cost varied up to $2,109 in the U.S.A.)

• Tobacco users generally have more medical bills and higher health insurance rates.



Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• Tobacco addiction is the physical or

psychological dependence on tobacco use.• In 1998, nearly 150 million adults either had

never smoked or had quit smoking.• Withdrawal from tobacco consists of the

symptoms that occur when someone stops using it, including headaches, anxiety, shakiness, and nausea.



Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• Secondhand smoke is air that has been

contaminated by smoke.• Nonsmokers can develop respiratory

illnesses, lung cancer, heart disease, and cancer as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.

• Tobacco use inflicts heavy costs on both smokers and nonsmokers; costs to the United States as a whole approach $100 billion per year.



Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• Some teens may start tobacco use because of

internal issues, such as stress, weight concerns, image, independence, and peer acceptance.

• External influences that cause teens to start smoking include their desire to imitate role models who smoke, the influence of advertising, and the example of their parents and other adults using tobacco.



Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• You can avoid starting tobacco use by

choosing nonsmoking friends, avoiding situations where smoking is likely, and using refusal skills.

• Strategies for quitting tobacco include going cold turkey, using a nicotine patch or gum, and joining support groups.



SummarySummary• What is tobacco?• What are the different types of tobacco products?• What is in tobacco?• How does tobacco affect the user's body?• What does tobacco do to a person's appearance?• Who buys tobacco?• What are the short-term and long-term effects of

tobacco use?



Summary (cont’d)Summary (cont’d)• How expensive a habit is tobacco use?• What is tobacco addiction?• How many Americans do not smoke?• What is withdrawal?• What does tobacco use cost society?• Why do some teens start using tobacco?• How can you avoid becoming a tobacco user?• What strategies can you use to break the tobacco

habit?



NextNext

• Done— Tobacco

• Next— Alcohol

Download - Making Safe, Drug-Free Decisions Lesson 2, Chapter 51 Tobacco

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