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Low energy electron beam as a nondestructive diagnostic tool for high power beams.P. Logachev, D. Malutin, A. Starostenko, BINP,RUPAC2006, Novosibirsk.
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Electron beam probe for RF linacs. Beam structure monitoring.Wake-fields monitoring.Monitoring of the bunch tilt.Bunch-to-bunch position monitoring.
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Electron Beam Probe basic idea scheme EBP at VEPP-5 injector linac
EBP is routinely used for tuning the beam at the VEPP-5 injector linac
longitudinal distribution of beam density, transverse position of its center of mass, even wake fields observation, single and multibunch regime
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-10 ..- 60 kV, 5mks
Faraday cup
0..- 800 V, 30 ns
+6.2 kV, 60 ns
1.2 GeV bunch
Testing beam
Cathode
MCP
Luminophore
CCD
Synchronization system
Videograbber
Electron gunmodulator
MCPmodulator
Luminophoremodulator
Lens
Corrector
Electron gun
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Single bunch regimeOffset parameter goes down->Collision with intense bunchExamples of signals from EBP
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Single bunch regime: offset parameter goes down ->Multi bunch regime: offset parameter goes down ->
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Pictures with wakesCollision with single bunchTwo bunchesWakes start to appear
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350ps
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350ps
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Bunch trajectoryProbe beamHFSS E-field plot
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E wake = 0.05*E bunch
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E wake = 0.05*E bunch, E bunch = 50 kV/cm.
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Electron beam probe for circular collider.Bunch length measurement.Bunch position monitor.Measurement of bunch tilt.
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Scheme of VEPP-4 electron beam probe.
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LensesGunScanningsystemInteraction regionScreen
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Simulation for VEPP-4Longitudinal bunch sigma - 4 cm, transverse bunch sigma - 0.001.Ne=7,6109Ne=14,2109Ne=22,8109Screen size 2x2 m.
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Simulation results
1
62.550.050.0
75.062.562.5
87.575.075.0
100.087.587.5
112.5100.0100.0
125.0112.5112.5
150.0125.0125.0
175.0150.0150.0
200.0175.0175.0
250.0200.0200.0
250.0250.0
3
2
1
Probe beam energy 30 keV, Transverse bunch sigma 0.001. Longitudinal bunch sigma (ps) dependance upon the vertical size of the image on the screen (cm).
gauss
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Experimental results from VEPP-4
Image on the screenNumber of e- in the bunch7,610914,210922,8109Vertical size of the loop0.5 0.8 1.0 Bunch current duration 87.5 ps110 ps130 psBunch length2.6 3.3 3.9
-
Electron Beam Probe for nondestructive diagnostics
for better control of the ILC beam emittance
-
Ampl.=0.01 cmAmpl.=0.03 cmAmpl.=0.1 cmAmpl.=0.3 cmComparisons with simulations help to understand EBP signal
-
Tilt in the ILC beamwill result in asymmetry which is easy to measure or to minimize sy
-
The probe beam envelope from the gun exit to the screen (horizontal axis (cm)), interaction point is placed 2 cm before the screen. The vertical axis gives the RMS transverse probe beam size in cm (probe beam is round). Pulsed current density in 200 kV electron gun is about 20 A/cm^2. Collimating diaphragm diameter of 0.1 mm => about 2 mA of probe beam current. It gives for 0.1 mm ILC bunch length (0.5 ps at v=0.7c) 6000 electrons in the close vicinity of ILC bunch. These electrons will form the image (MCP operates in the single electron regime). EBP simulation assumptions for ILC
-
EBP signal, ideal bunch, no banana distortion Bunch with symmetrical tilt: bunch head up (5 microns) in Y bunch tail down (5 microns) in Y (at 1sigma z)The intensity asymmetry between upper left and down left branches of the loops reflects the displacement of the bunch tail.Asymmetry in the right branches reflects the bunch head displacement. The right down branch is more intense it means the bunch head displaced up.ILC bunch parameters: sz =0.1 mm, sy =1 mm, sx =20 mm, N =0.7*1010EBP: 200 keV, pulsed, beam current 2 mA, diameter at the gun exit is 0.1 mm, probe beam diameter in the interaction region is about 0.05 mm. Each dot on the screen, which paced 2 cm after the interaction point, corresponds to single electron (about 6000 electrons in the vicinity of ILC bunch). EBP for ILC bunch tilt control
-
EBP for ILC bunch tilt control Screen images for increasing amplitude of the bunch tilt y. the bunch head is y up at +sz and the tail is y down at szILC bunch parameters: sz = 0.1 mm, sx = sy = 10 mm, N =0.7*1010y = 1 my = 8 my = 4 my = 16 mSimulation for typical ILC bunch parametersThis mode of operation was successfully tested at S-band linac of VEPP-5 injector complex for the bunch length of 4 mm and 0.5mm transverse sizeEBP: 200 keV, pulsed 2 mA, probe beam diameter in the interaction region is about 0.05 mm. About 6000 electrons in the vicinity of ILC bunch. The asymmetry monotonically increase with increase of beam tilt
-
The image asymmetry dependence on the bunch tilting amplitude The error bars show the statistical error 1/sqrt(Nparticles), Nparticles=5000 In this example, the ILC single bunch tilting amplitude (or banana amplitude) can be measured starting from ~ 1 micron N1N4N3N2Measure of asymmetry:
1= (N4-N1)/(N4+N1)
2 = (N2-N3)/(N2+N3)EBP for ILC bunch tilt control ILC bunch parameters: sz = 0.1 mm, sx = sy = 10 mm, N =0.7*1010EBP: 200 keV, pulsed 2 mA, probe beam diameter in the interaction region is about 0.05 mm. About 6000 electrons in the vicinity of ILC bunch.
-
Conclusion
The EBP based bunch tilt monitor appears to be a useful tool for ILC emittance control
Suggestions: more simulation studyexperimental test, e.g. at ATF
-
Electron beam probe as a profile monitor for intense proton beam.Beam profile scanning in 10 ns. Non destructing control during normal operation.Profile control on few different turns.
-
600750Layout of the proposed EBP for SNS accumulator ringElectron GunDeflectorQuadrupole lensProton beam
-
Simulation of the EBP Probe beam:Energy=75keV,Scan.-parallel,3rd ,4th quads - off
Proton beam:OFF
-
Probe beam:Energy=75keV,Scan.-parallel,3rd ,4th quads - off
Proton beam:Energy=1GeVNp=1*1013Transverse size r=1.5cmRound uniform transverse distributionSimulation of the EBP
-
Probe beam:Energy=75keV,Scan.-parallel,3rd ,4th quads - off
Proton beam:Energy=1GeVNp=2*1013Transverse size r=1.5cmRound uniform transverse distributionSimulation of the EBP
-
Probe beam:Energy=75keV,Scan.-parallel,3rd ,4th quads - off
Proton beam:Energy=1GeVNp=5*1013Transverse size r=1.5cmRound uniform transverse distributionSimulation of the EBP
-
Probe beam:Energy=75keV,Scan.-parallel,3rd ,4th quads - off
Proton beam:Energy=1GeVNp=1*1014Transverse size r=1.5cm Round uniform transverse distribution Simulation of the EBP
-
Blue line integrated beam profile under the test,Magenta + square reconstructed profileProbe beam:Energy=75keV,Scan.-parallel,3rd ,4th quads - off
Proton beam:Energy=1GeVNp=1*1013Transverse size r=1.5cmRound uniform transverse charge distribution Proton beam profile reconstruction
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diff
