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LFS User Group meeting21 October 2003
Measuring ethnicity in the LFS
Vivienne Avery
Labour Market Division, ONS
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2001 LFS Ethnicity Classification
• White (UK)
– British (excluding NI)
– other White (excluding
NI)
• Mixed
– white & black Caribbean
– white & black African
– white & Asian
– other mixed
• Asian or Asian British– Indian– Pakistani– Bangladeshi– other Asian
• Black or Black British– black Caribbean– black African– other black
• Chinese• Other ethnic groups
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Dissemination of labour market statistics on ethnicity
• Regular Publications– Key estimates in LFS Quarterly Supplement (employment rates, economic activity by gender for 6
groups)– Annual Local Area Labour Force Survey (ALALFS)– Social and Regional Trends
• NOMIS– Quarterly datasets– Some estimates based on ALALFS
• ONS Data service– will provide estimates from ALALFS on request subject
to disclosure
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Threshold levels for using data
• 10,000 - quarterly datasets
• 6,000 - average of 4 quarters
• 4,000 - for UK, GB and England
from ALALFS
• 2,000-6,000 - local areas from ALALFS
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UK population by ethnic group, 2001/02
Percentage of Total UK
population
Percentage of UK minority ethnic
population
White 92.4 n/a
Mixed 0.8 11.0
Asian or Asian British
Indian 1.7 21.7
Pakistani 1.3 16.7
Bangladeshi 0.5 6.1
Other Asian 0.4 5.7
Black or Black British
Black Caribbean 1.0 13.6
Black African 0.9 12.0
Black Other 0.1 1.5
Chinese 0.3 4.2
Other 0.6 7.4
Not stated 0.2 n/a
All minority ethnic population 7.6 100.0
All population 100 n/a
Source: Annual Local Area Labour Force Survey, 2001/02
Office for National Statistics
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Economic activity by ethnic group, 2001/2
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
Bangladeshi
Pakistani
Other
Chinese
Black African
Other Asian
Other Black
Mixed
Indian
Black Caribbean
White
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Unemployment rates in UK by ethnic group and sex, 2001/02
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
White
Mixed
Indian
Pakistani
Bangladeshi
Other Asian
Black Caribbean
Black African
Other
Men
Women
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Age profile of ethnic groups
Distribution of Ethnic Minority Groups by Age, 2001/2% Under 16 % 16-64 % 65 and over
White 19 65 16Black Caribbean 25 67 9Black African 33 66 2Indian 22 71 6Pakistani 35 61 4Bangladeshi 38 58 3
Annual Local Area Labour Force Survey, 2001/2, ONS
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Projected Growth in Working Age Population, 1999-2009 (selected groups)
Source: LFS data, cited in 'Minority Ethnic Participation and Achievement in Education,
Training and the Labour Market,' University of Warwick, 2000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
All groups
White
Black Carribean
Indian
Black African
Pakistani
Other ethnic minorities
Bangladeshi
Projected Growth (%)
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Issues for comparability over time
• Pre and post 2001 data are not directly comparable
• 2001 classification included a mixed category (and 4 sub-categories)
• Impact of introduction of mixed group has a greater effect on analyses studying White, Black groups and less on Asian groups
• Changes to question in 1996
• Concepts of ethnicity change over time
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Ethnicity estimates - backcast time series
• Headline labour market series estimated between
Spring 1997 and Winter 2000/1 based on 2001
categories
• Methodology based on data collected from 2001
LFS respondents using both classifications
• Used to provide a baseline for DWP Public Service
Agreement target
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Annual Population Survey (1)
• Starts January 2004• Enhanced annual data for England (Scotland,
Wales already boosted)• Target sample - 500 economically active persons in
each UA/LAD and 450 in Greater London Boroughs
• Will provide better quality local area information on key estimates such as ethnicity for Neighbourhood Statistics Programme (NeSS)
• Better inter-censal monitoring• First step towards Integrated Social Survey (ISS)
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Annual Population Survey (2)
• Will focus on key Census-type estimates
• Plan for a single annual local area database
covering LFS, LLFS, APS
• First database will cover January-December 2004
• First results planned for June 2005
• ONS will provide annual estimates for UA/LADs
subject to guidance on thresholds
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Topics covered by Annual Population SurveyGender Ethnic origin Economic status
Marital status National identity Employment status
Livingarrangements
Religion Full-time/part-time
Length of residence Country of birth Length of timesince did paid work
Where living 12months ago
Tenure Occupation
Householdcomposition
Highestqualification
Industry
Relationship toother householdmembers
Educational status NS Socio-economicclassification
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Use of ethnicity data - government strategy
• ‘Ethnic minorities and the labour market’– Cabinet Office Strategy Unit report, March 2003
• highlighted racial discrimination in the labour market
• emphasised importance of economic integration as well as social/civic integration
• highlighted varied experiences of different minority groups needing different policy responses
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ONS publications on ethnicity
• Labour Market Trends, Dec 2002: ‘The new ethnicity classification in the LFS’
• Labour Market Trends, forthcoming: ‘Exploring ethnic minority disadvantage in the labour market’
• Social Focus in Brief: Ethnicity, Dec 2002
• Census 2001 - population tables by ethnic group
• Social Focus in Brief: Inequality: forthcoming
• Focus on Ethnicity, Focus on Religion: forthcoming