Download - Levers in human body
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Regents Biology 2015/2016
[ Levers in human
body ]
Mohamed M.Elsaied
2016/2017
Supervised by :- Dr. Abouzeid A.Thabet
Allied Medical Science
Biomechanics
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Introduction
Mohamed M.Elsaied
2016/2017
When person is moving his leg - arms -any part of his body He depend on his Skelton system (muscle forces) by contraction or extension muscles.
In fact the bone in moving work as A lever
Levers cannot be changed, but they can be utilized more efficiently .
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levers
Mohamed M.Elsaied
2016/2017
Definition of levers
A rigid bar that turns about an axis of rotation or a fulcrum .
Parts of a lever
- Fulcrum Axis of rotation of the lever .- Effort Arm The part of the lever that the effort force .
- Resistance Arm The part of the lever
that applies the resistance force .
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Classification of levers
Mohamed M.Elsaied
2016/2017
First Class Lever A first-class lever is a lever in which the fulcrum (Axis) is located
between the input effort (Force) and the output load (Resistance).
Second Class LeverResistance (load) is located between the effort arm and the
fulcrum .
Third Class LeverThe effort force is located between the fulcrum and the resistance .
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The 3 Classes of Levers
Mohamed M.Elsaied
2016/2017
| Resistance Arm |
| Force Arm |
A
F R
| Force Arm | | Resistance Arm |
A
R| Resistance Arm | F
A
R
| Force Arm |
F
• FAR
1st
• ARF
2nd
• AFR
3rd
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1 st class of lever in human body
Mohamed M.Elsaied
2016/2017
The joint between the skull and the atlas vertebrae of the spinethe spine is the fulcrum across which muscles lift the head .
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Mohamed M.Elsaied
2016/2017
The joint between the hummers and radius – ulna .
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2 nd class of lever in human body
Mohamed M.Elsaied
2016/2017
The Achilles tendon, pushing or pulling across the heel of the foot .
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Mohamed M.Elsaied
2016/2017
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3 rd class of lever in human body
Mohamed M.Elsaied
2016/2017
The elbow joint: when lifting a book, the elbow joint is the fulcrum
across which the biceps muscle performs the work.
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Mohamed M.Elsaied
2016/2017
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Benefit from lever ?
Mohamed M.Elsaied
2016/2017
Increase power
Increase distance
Increase speed
Transfer power from one place to another
precision in work safety
Avoid risks
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Reference
Mohamed M.Elsaied
2016/2017
www.dynamicscience.com.au/tester/solutions/hydraulicus/simplemachineslevers1.htmhttp://www.montgomery.k12.ky.us/camargo/Projects/simplemachines/simplemachines.htm
http://www.dynamicscience.com.au/tester/solutions/hydraulicus/humanbody.htm