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LENALENA
Low Energy Neutrino Astrophysics
L. Oberauer, F. von Feilitzsch, C. Grieb, K. Hochmuth, C. Lendvai, T. Marrodan, L.
Niedermeier, W. Potzel, M. Wurm
Technische Universität München
www.e15.physik.tu-muenchen.de/research/lena.htlm
LENA Delta
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Groups interested in LENA
• TU Munich, Germany
• Univ. Hamburg, Germany (C. Hagner)
• CUPP, Finland (J. Peltoniemi)
• Univ. Jyväskylä, Finland (J. Aysto)
• INR, Russia (L. Bezrukov)
Similar initiative:
• HSD („Hyper-Scintillation-Detector“) Kimballton mine, Virginia, USA
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LENALENA
Proposal: A large (~50 kt) liquid scintillator Proposal: A large (~50 kt) liquid scintillator underground detectorunderground detector for for
• Baryon number violation Proton decay
• Gravitational collapse SN detection
• Star formation in the early universe Relic SN
• Solar thermonuclear fusion processes CNO, pep, 7Be
• Geophysical models U, Th -
• Neutrino properties Long baseline -
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Scintillator solvent: PXE, or PXE/mineral oil mixtureScintillator solvent: PXE, or PXE/mineral oil mixture
• non hazardous, flashpoint 145° C non hazardous, flashpoint 145° C easy handlingeasy handling
• density 0.99density 0.99 high self shielding high self shielding
• high light yieldhigh light yield low energy eventslow energy events
• low background level U, Thlow background level U, Th solar solar geo geo , srn , srn
Muon veto
~12000 Pms (50cm)
LENA
Detector and scintillating liquid
100m
30m
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PXE as scintillating solvent• PXE tests @ Counting Test Facility from
BOREXINO at Gran Sasso (physics/0408032)
• 372 pe / MeV @ 20% coverage attenuation ~ 4 m @ 430 nm attenuation ~ 12 m after purification (alumina-column, S. Schönert MPIK Hd for LENS)
• => ~ 120 pe / MeV in LENA (central events) => low energy threshold (sub-MeV) => good resolution in energy and position reconstruction
CTF
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Program for investigations of PXE / dodecane mixtures
C, Buck et al., MPIK Heidelberg
(Double-Chooz)
M. Wurm, K. Hochmuth, TUM
• improve compability with detector materials
• improve further transparency?
• increase free H number (by ~30%)
~90% light yield with 40% PXE and 60% dodecane
M. Wurm
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• transport transport of PXE via railwayrailway
• loadingloading of detector via direct pipeline pipeline
• no fundamental security problem with PXE !no fundamental security problem with PXE !
• no fundamental problem for excavationexcavation
• standard technology (PM-encapsulation, electronics etc.)
• LENA is feasible in Pyhäsalmi !LENA is feasible in Pyhäsalmi !
LENA at CUPP
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Pylos (Nestor Institute) in GreecePylos (Nestor Institute) in Greece
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Proton Decay and LENAProton Decay and LENA
p K p K • This decay mode is favoured in SUSYSUSY theories
• The primary decay particle K is invisible in Water Cherenkov detectors
• The Kaon and the K-decay particles are visible in LENA
• Better energy solution further reduces background
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K
K
Teresa Marrodan
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• Event structure p K plus K – decay (T1/2 = 12.8 ns)
• 3-fold delayed coincidence from - decay
P-decay
bg-events
bg-events
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Potential of LENA for p K
SuperK current limit 1.6 x 1033 y:
27 events in 10 years in LENA
(0.7 bg events)
No signal:
> 3 x 1034 y
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Galactic Supernova neutrino detection with LenaLena
protons). off scattering (elastic (6)
electrons) off scattering (elastic (5)
MeV) 15.1 E(Q CC with (4)
MeV) 17.3 (Q (3)
MeV) 13.4(Q (2)
MeV) 1.8 (Q (1)
x
xx
12*12*1212x
1212e
1212
pp
ee
CC
NeC
BeC
nep
x
x
e
e
Electron Antineutrino spectroscopy
Electron spectroscopy ~ 65~ 65
Neutral current interactions; info on all flavours
~ 4000 and ~ 2200~ 4000 and ~ 2200
~7800~7800
~ 480~ 480
Event rates for a SN type IIa in the galactic center (10 kpc)Event rates for a SN type IIa in the galactic center (10 kpc)
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Scintillator
good resolution
Water Cherenkov
Dighe, Smirnov, Keil, Raffelt
SNN-detection and neutrino oscillations
Modulations in the energy spectrum due to matter effects in the Earth
e
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LENA and relic Supernovae relic Supernovae Neutrinos !Neutrinos !• SuperK limit very close to theoretical expectations
• Threshold reduction from ~19 MeV (SuperK) to ~ 9 MeV with LENA
• Method: delayed coincidence of e p e n
• Low reactor neutrino background !
• Information about star formation in the early universe
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SRN:
No background for LENA !
Reactor SK
Reactor bg LENA !
Atmospheric neutrinos
~ 6 counts/y~ 6 counts/y
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Thermal nuclear fusion and LENA
• high statistic 7Be-solar detection (~104 d-1)
test of even small flux variations
look for coincidences with helioseismological data !
• CNO – and pep-d-1)
solar neutrino luminosity
• precise determination of solar nuclear fusion processes
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Long baseline - oscillations and LENALENA ?
To be investigated in detail:
• spectrum (off-axis)
• e, - separation potential
• potential in 13!
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Geo - neutrinos and Geo - neutrinos and LENALENA
• what is thewhat is the source source of theof the terrestrial heat flow ?terrestrial heat flow ?
• what is the contribution of natural radioactivity ?
• how much of U, Th is in the mantle ?
• is there a natural reactor at the Earth‘s center?
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0° < < 60° 60° < total
ref 618 ± 25 822 ± 29 1440 ± 38
min 453 ± 21 653 ± 27 1106 ± 33
max 1255 ± 35 1365 ± 37 2620 ± 51
core 950 ± 31 858 ± 29 1807 ± 43
Angular distribution information• reconstruct vertices of prompt and delayed events
• resolution ~ 30o (MonteCarlo)
Core enhanced
(rad)Events per year
minimal model
maximum model
K. Hochmuth
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Conclusions• LENALENA a new observatory
• complemntary to high energy neutrino astrophysics
• fundamental impact on e.g. proton decay, astrophysics, neutrino physics, geophysics
• feasibility studies very promising (CUPP, Pyhäsalmi)Pyhäsalmi)
• costs ca. 100 - 200 M€