Download - Learning and Motivation
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Learning and MotivationLearning and Motivation
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MeaningfulnessMeaningfulness
• Past experiences
• Interests/values
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PrerequisitesPrerequisites
• Must have certain level of knowledge for concepts, rules, etc.
• Pretest will help
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ModelingModeling
• Present model performance to watch and imitate
• Label important aspects for learner
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Open CommunicationOpen Communication
• State objectives to learner
• Point out relationships
• Stimulate all sensory channels
• Ask questions of your learner
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NoveltyNovelty
• Novel presentations have merit– Stimulate recall– Gain audience attention/participation– Can generate excitement for topic– Appropriateness to topic is key
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Active Appropriate PracticeActive Appropriate Practice
• Active role by the learner
• Organize/re-organize information
• On-the-job type of learning situations
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Distributed PracticeDistributed Practice
• Schedule short periods distributed over time– i.e. Digital camera– Take and edit pictures on Monday– Incorporate them into a presentation on
Tuesday
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FadingFading
• Instructional prompts are removed gradually
• Instructor remains to facilitate learning if needed
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Pleasant conditionsPleasant conditions
• Avoid: boredom, unpleasant physical conditions
• Keep demands attainable; reasonable
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From Designing Effective Instruction 4th Ed., Morrison, Ross, & Kemp, 2004.