29 AUGUST 2019
Leading Solutions
Federal Government Administrative Centre, Putrajaya
Setting the context
3
GOVERNMENT DESIGNED AND OPERATED TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF DIGITAL DATA
as an integrated part of governments’ modernisation strategies to create public value that improve citizen satisfaction in
service delivery, enhance economic competitiveness, forge new levels of engagement and trust, and increase productivity of
public services.
“Digital Government”: Malaysia’s context
Digital Government facilitates digital economy through its policy, that will create demand for the industry, to
foster links between government and industry and to eliminate market failures, build expertise, provide services, and
for the adoption of emerging technologies in various sectors
A STRUCTURED APPROACH IN
PUBLIC SECTOR ECOSYSTEM
ORGANIZATION ECOSYSTEM
System that interact with organization elements such as
structure, processes, services, resources, applications and
technologies to achieve organizational goals
4
VISION : TO ESTABLISH UNIFIED EA TO ACCELERATE PUBLIC SECTOR
SERVICE DEIVERY TRANSFORMATION TO THE DIGITAL GOVERNMENT
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SECTOR
1. Financial Management
2. Human Resource Management
3. Administration
SECURITY SECTOR
1. Internal Security
2. Defence
SOCIAL SECTOR
1. Health
2. Education dan Training
3. Culture, Youth and Sports
4. Housing
5. Local Authorities and Welfare
Development
6. Information and Broadcasting
7. Village and Community Development
ECONOMIC SECTOR
1. Agriculture
2. Commerce and Industry
3. Transport
4. Energy & Public Utilities
5. Research and
Development
6. Communications
Source: Malaysian Public Sector EA Reference Model 2016 & Information Architecture MAMPU 20105
6
01
02
03
Collaborative
approach to EA
EA as an internal
management consultancy
EA supported by artificial
intelligence (AI)
• collaboration across organizations
• EA team will remain relatively small
• ability to consult, coach and
mentor, and drive business
outcomes
• 80% of business architects will work
directly for a business leader
• more time is spent using data for
decision-making purposes
• AI will automate processes to reduce friction and
improve business efficiency.
• By 2022, 50% of EA programs will be supported
by AI-enabled software for planning, governance,
assurance and IT asset managementBy 2021, 40% of
organizationswill use enterprise architects
to help ideate new
business
innovations made
possible by
emerging
technologies
7
- FORBES -
HIGH PERFORMANCE
EA TEAM
Petronas Twin Tower, Kuala Lumpur
9
BUSINESS
ARCHITECT
INFORMATION/DATA
ARCHITECT
SOFTWARE/
APPLICATION
ARCHITECT
INFRASTRUCTURE
ARCHITECT
SOLUTION
ARCHITECT
Integration of business and
technology strategy and
business capability delivery
Storage, retrieval and
integration of critical
enterprise information/data
Comprehensive software
and application strategy
spanning corporate and
customer value
Hardware, network and
operational strategy
delivering optimized and
agile enterprises
Manage architecture
initiatives and lead business
technology strategy
Public Sector EA
Office
Agencies EAO
Public Sector EA Architects
Agencies EA
Architects
Agencies EA Governance
Public Sector EA
Governance01Not large EA team, but
highly skilled, dynamic &
flexible EA program.
02Business Architects
work for and report to
business executive
04Less time gathering data,
more time using EA
01Engage stakeholder in each
service & create collaborative
working and governance
model
02Define and shape business &
operating models, identify
risks & opportunities & create
roadmaps
03Adopt a business-outcome-
driven approach to identify &
evaluate emerging
technologies
Internal
Management
Consultancy
03Understand where & what type
to innovate in business and
operating models
Do you have what it takes to drive enterprise ambitions RECOMMENDATIONS
04Question vendors that claim
to have AI capabilities &
solution that can meet EA
challenges
To build a world-class EA discipline,
EA and technology innovation leaders
must :
10
11
RECOGNIZE
EMOTIONAL NEEDS
Non-technical
Soft skills
SITUATIONAL
LEADERSHIP
APPROACHES
The needs of the team
The organizational culture
ESTABLISH A VISION
Safe space environment to ask questions
EA Team not as a ‘technical group
Use business terms’
COMMANDING
PACESETTING
VISIONARY
AFFIRMATIVE
COACHING
DEMOCRATIC
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE FOUNDATIONAL EA
BUSINESS-OUTCOME-DRIVEN EA
CAPABILITY MODELING
TAILORED COMMUNICATION
FOR THE AUDIENCE
(EXECUTIVE OR TECHNICAL)
EMPATHY
SOCIAL AWARENESS
Individuals need to develop their emotional quotients, social
awareness and collaborative skill to success.
Open to different styles and behaviors
Foster effective, open and save communication of new
ideas
Encourage respectful dialogue when challenging ideas and
suggestions.
Encourage empathy, not only to develop EA consulting skills,
but as a way to promote collaboration among team members.
12
High-performing EA team must be visionary,
and it must rely on influence
Emphasize candid and clear discussion of what people are
thinking and feeling, without judgments.
13
Brief
Open
Accurate
Relevant
Diplomatic
1.How can team respond to the
stakeholder/board’s increased focus on
technology as a competitive weapon?
2.Which team communication practices are
most effective with the stakeholder/board?
3.How can CIOs both steer and respond to
the stakeholder/board’s questions on digital
business?
Source : Gartner 2018
Leverage
trendspotting
Get a future view
positioning yourself
as a crucial
technology advisor
speed on rapidly
evolving technologies
Recruitment
Mass Rapid Transit, MRT
15Source : Gartner
16
Today's leaders, professionals and
practitioners should be
prepared
diverse positions in handling data
WHO SHOULD BE THE STAR?
Digital, data and technology job roles in government
USER CENTRED
DESIGNDATA IT OPERATIONS
PRODUCT AND
DELIVERY
QUALITY ASSURANCE
AND TESTING (QAT)TECHNICAL
• Content designer
• Content strategist
• Graphic designer
• Interaction
designer
• Service designer
• Technical writer
• User researcher
• Data engineer
• Data scientist
• Performance
analyst
• Business relationship
manager
• Change and release
manager
• Command and control
centre manager
• Engineer - application
operations
• Engineer - end user
computing
• Engineer - infrastructure
operations
• Incident manager
• IT service manager
• Problem manager
• Service desk manager
• Service transition
manager
• Business analyst
• Delivery manager
• Product manager
• Programme
delivery manager
• Service owner
• QAT analyst
• Test engineer
• Test manager
• Data architect
• Development
operations
• Infrastructure
engineer
• Network architect
• Security architect
• Software developer
• Specialist
infrastructure
engineer
• Technical architect
• Technical specialist
architect
THE COMPETENCY BASED FRAMEWORK : GDS UK
17
18
DATA
Data engineer A data engineer industrializes the delivery of data products and services into systems and business processes.
Data scientist A data scientist identifies complex business problems whilst leveraging data value. They work as part of a multidisciplinary
team with data architects, data engineers, analysts and others.
Performance analyst A performance analyst conducts analysis. They develop performance measurement frameworks and analyse the performance
of a service or product against these.
19
USER CENTRED DESIGN
Content designer A content designer works on the end-to-end journey of a service to help users complete their goal and government
deliver a policy intent. The work involve the creation of, or change to, a transaction, product or single piece of content
that stretches across digital and offline channels.
They make sure appropriate content is shown to a user in the right place and in the best format. They start from
discovery and work closely with user researchers, service designers and interaction designers.
Content strategist Content strategists take an overview of content and how it is produced. They design governance, workflows, and
taxonomies in a user-centred context.
Graphic designer Graphic designers create graphic elements that underpin interaction and service design. They use layout, spacing,
colour, type and iconography to make sure that content is legible and readable and that interactions are seen and
understood by users.
Interaction designer Interaction designers work out the best way to let users interact with services, in terms of both overall flow and at the
level of individual design elements.
Service designer Service designers design the end-to-end journey of a service which involve the creation of, or change to, transactions,
products and content across both digital and offline channels provided by different parts of government. This helps a
user complete their goal and government deliver a policy intent.
Technical writer A technical writer takes a user-centred approach to make complicated technical concepts easier to understand for a
specialist audience.
User researcher User researchers scope, design and carry out research activities with users that help teams get a deep understanding
of the people that use the service.
20
A solution architect is an information technology professional who designs computer systems, networks, applications and user
interfaces for an organization. These professionals typically work with internal and external customers to develop systems to required
business specifications. In most cases, these professionals have a wide range of technical knowledge, rather than focusing their skills in
a specific area of information technology.
https://careertrend.com/about-6389387-solution-architect-job-description.html
Design
Development
https://www.whizlabs.com/blog/aws-solution-architect-interview-questions/
Analysis
In May 2014, Indeed.com lists a national average salary
of $101,000 per year for this occupation.
RM 424,986.86 / year
RM 35,415.5 / month
Possesses an open interest in future
customer, understand their business model
and recognize actual changes & challenges
Understand how to create
relationship and collaborate with other AWS work teams
Excellence communication and
presentation skills and really enjoy sharing
his/her expertise and knowledge as an advice.
THANK YOU
Sky Bridge, Mat Chinchang, Langkawi
Information incorporated within this slide is created for
Malaysian Administrative Management and Planning Unit (MAMPU),
Prime Minister’s Department. Please get permission from MAMPU
before using the material as you intend.