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2003 10 06 P. Checchia Como 8th ICATPP 1
LCcal*: a Calorimeter prototype for future Linear
Colliders
•Design principles
•Prototype description
•Construction details
• Test Beam results
•Conclusions and Future plans
* Contributors (Como, ITE-Warsaw, LNF, Padova, Trieste): M. Alemi, A.Anashkin, M. Anelli, M.Bettini, S.Bertolucci, E. Borsato, M. Caccia, P.C, C. Fanin, J.Marczewski, S. Miscetti, B.Nadalut, M. Nicoletto, M. Prest, R. Peghin, L. Ramina, F. Simonetto, E. Vallazza ….
TALK SUMMARY
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2003 10 06 P. Checchia Como 8th ICATPP 2
Design principlesFrom the LC Physics requirements:
Tesla TDR solutions:
•Si W
• Shashlik (thanks to CALEIDO)
Proposed solution:Keep SiW advantages (flat geometry, high granularity)
Erec. not from Si but from Scintillator-WLS fibers
Reduce (factor >10) the number of channels
Alternatives:• Cristals
•Fully compensating Ecal+Hcal
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2003 10 06 P. Checchia Como 8th ICATPP 3
Prototype descriptionPb/Sc + Si
Scintillation light transported with WLS σ tail fibers:
Cell separation with grooves in Sc. plates with Tyvec strips inside
Coupled with clear fibers (to PM)
•45 layers
•25 × 25 × 0.3 cm3 Pb
•25 × 25 × 0.3 cm3 Scint.: 25 cells 5 × 5 cm2
•3 planes:
• 252 .9 × .9 cm2 Si Pads
•at: 2, 6, 12 X0
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2003 10 06 P. Checchia Como 8th ICATPP 4
Prototype (cntd)3 Si planes
Actual design:- Detector: 6x7 pads
- Plane: 3x2 detectors
Goal: shower-shower separation, position measurement, e/h identification:
•Pad dimension< shower dimension: .9x.9 cm2
•Longitudinal sampling:3 planes
•Analogic ROVA hdr9c from IDEas
• See A. Bulgheroni’s talk for details
Pad diode
ac(old)-dc(new) coupled
pcb contact with conductive
glue
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2003 10 06 P. Checchia Como 8th ICATPP 5
Construction details:Scintillator
• 3 mm Kuraray SCSN-61 (25x25 cm2)• 3 mm Bicron BC-408 (25x25 cm2)
Machined with vacuum plate as holder
Whole Production (>50 tiles) done in september 2002
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2003 10 06 P. Checchia Como 8th ICATPP 6
To make the 2.4 cm radius curvature : middle temperature(500-700) oven
Splicing with optical glue
and a supporting tube :
stable in >30 day time
Fibers: Kuraray 1mm d. Y11 300 ppm multicladdingFace polished and aluminized by sputtering
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2003 10 06 P. Checchia Como 8th ICATPP 7
Detector Assembling:45 Layers calorimeter prototype completely built in 2002 Fibres grouped into 25x4 bundles making a 4-fold longitudinal segmentation.
Slots for the insertion of the 3 Si pad planes (Motherboard). Mechanical support for
Photomultipliers
in the 3x3 central cells
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2003 10 06
Test beam activity
after a 2002 pre test with the 1st layer only (2.1 X0) at CERN
• two runs at Frascati Beam Test Facility (n × 50 – 750 MeV)detector
tunable W target:1.7, 2.0, 2.3 X0
450 magnetW slits
LINAC Beam 1-500 mA
it is possible to tune the multeplicity.....
• run at CERN SPS H6 beam line (e/ 5 – 150 GeV) All tests: two beam position monitors (telescope) put in front of the calorimeter. - Each detector consisting of 400400 x–y Si strips with a pitch of 240 m - They cover the central area of the prototype (9.5 9.5 cm2)
LCcal
beam
trigger
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2003 10 06 P. Checchia Como 8th ICATPP 9
Test beam activity : detector calibrationdefine ‘cell’ as the calibrated sum of the 4 longitudinal layers on the same lateral position: Ci=bij=1,4ajLi
j (4-1+9-1+16 parameters)
process in two steps:
• equalise the layer response at the same incoming energy Li
j=bk/bi Lkj
• minimise the Energy spread on the sum of 9 cells
(iterative process)aj | min. width Ecal=n=1,9Cn
L1
L2
L3
L4
Ci
Si L1
Si L2
Si L3
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2003 10 06 P. Checchia Como 8th ICATPP 10
Good linearity vs molteplicity
3 e- 2 e- 1 e- E
E
Ebeam (MeV)
11.5%E
Nphe>5.1 /layer →Cal(45 layers) ~ 250 MeV/Mip ~ 800Npe/GeV OK also @ BTF (E ~500 MeV)
Cern TB 2002
1. Photoelectron statistics negligble2. Stocastic Term 11.5% as in MC
3. Light disuniformity <<10% Effects on resolution to be measured at SPS
(August 2003)
BTF test
Test beam results: Linearity and Energy Resolution
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2003 10 06 P. Checchia Como 8th ICATPP 11
EE
Cern TB 2003
Ebeam (GeV)
11.1%EEca
l (G
eV)
e-
pm saturatesconfirmed at high energy !!!
Ebeam (GeV)
Test beam results: Linearity and Energy Resolution
Ecal (GeV) Ecal (GeV)
15 GeV e-
75 GeV
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2003 10 06 P. Checchia Como 8th ICATPP 12
Si L1+L2
30 GeV electrons
Test beam results: Si pad detector (Position Meas.)
e-
=2.16 mm
=2.45 mm
=3.27 mm =1.76 mm
y pad –y telescope (cm)
y telescope (cm)
y pa
d Si
L2
(cm
)
Cern TB 2003
Si L1Si L2
Si L3
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2003 10 06 P. Checchia Como 8th ICATPP 13
10 GeV electrons
Test beam results: Si pad detector (Position Meas.)
10 GeV simulated electrons
Position resolution 2.5mm not far from Monte Carlo
=2.5 mm
PRELIMINARY analysis: pad noise subtraction not optimised
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14
Cern TB 2003
Eca
l (G
eV)
x (cm)
Test beam results: uniformity in (light) Energy response
Ecal (GeV)
30 GeV e-
y(cm
)
± 2%
x telescope
x pad
x telescope
x pad
x (cm)
disuniformity < 2%
correction from pad reconstruction can be applied!
PRELIMINARY: cell border effects dominated by residual miscalibration
± 2%Cj
Cj-1
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2003 10 06 15
75 GeV30 GeV e-
Test beam results: ( e/ rejection)
50 GeV e-
30 GeV
iii
ii EEr 2
shower variance:
the redundancy of the information on the linear/lateral shower development makes the rejection very easy (difficult to quantify below 10-3 due to beam contamination)
30 GeV 30 GeV
30 GeV e-
30 GeV e-
E Si pad Layer 1
Cern TB 2003
E cal Layer 1
Si pad Layer 2
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2003 10 06 P. Checchia Como 8th ICATPP 16
BTF test
Test beam results: Si Pad two particle separation
Two electrons with energy 750 MeV
Y silicon chambers
X silicon chambers
exhaustive analysis not fully accomplished
NB: not fully equipped+ problematic channels
First layer
Second layer
Third layer
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2003 10 06 P. Checchia Como 8th ICATPP 17
Conclusions and Future plans• A calorimeter prototype with the proposed technique has been built
and fully tested. All the results are preliminary.• Energy and position resolution as expected: E/E ~11.-11.5%
/E, pos ~2 mm (@ 30 GeV)• Light uniformity acceptable.• e/ rejection very good ( <10-3).• Two particle separation results coming soon. • Next steps: include a calorimeter made following this technique into
the general LC simulation and Pattern recognition.• Combined test with Hcal (?)
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2003 10 06 P. Checchia Como 8th ICATPP 18
backup
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2003 10 06 P. Checchia Como 8th ICATPP 19
Detector Assembling:
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2003 10 06 P. Checchia Como 8th ICATPP 20
PM’s
Scintill.Piani Si
Fibres with PM support structure
LCCAL in test @ BTF (Frascati)
Fibres faced to PMs
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2003 10 06 P. Checchia Como 8th ICATPP 21
Test beam results CALORIMETER (2.1 X0)4 layers
m.i.p.→check light output and uniformity in Light collection:
Ratio signal/sigma →lower limit for photoelectrons
Nphe>5.1 /layer
→ cal(45layers):>220 phe/m.i.p.good uniformity:
Simulated Light collection disunifority(20%)