La Francophonie
What is a francophone?A country outside of France where French is the
main or official language.
La FrancophonieName some francophone areas in the world and
approximately how many people live in those areas.Europe (65 million)
Suisse, Belgique, Luxembourg, MonacoThe Americas (12 million)
Canada (Québec), Caribbean, US (Louisiana, New England
Afrique (20 million)NW—see list
Pacific & Middle East (2 million)French Polynesia (Tahiti), Vietnam, Lebanon, Laos
Over 200 million Francophones throughout the world
La FrancophonieWhy do so many people outside of France parle
français?During the late 1700’s and early 1800’s France
was a colonial superpower. A result of colonization is teaching / forcing the
natives to speak the language, establishing schools and French speaking settlers.
La République d’Haïti
GeographyWhat is the name of the ENTIRE island and what
part of it is Haïti?HispaniolaWestern 3rd is Haïti
Where is the island located?Les Antilles (West Indies)
What does the word Haïti mean?“Land of Mountains”
What is the capital of Haïti?Port-au-Prince
HistoryWho discovered the island?
Christophe ColombeEn 1492 pour Spain
HistoryHow did France obtain Haïti and what was it
called?Spain settled it but they were not interested in the
west because there was little gold or silver.They had problems with pirates.Spain decided it was not worth it to fight so they
gave it to the French. It was called St. Domingue.
HistoryHow did Haïti become independent and why is it so
important ?1700’s Haïti was very wealthyThousands of slaves worked on plantations.1789 French revolution—slavery abolished1791 slaves revolted Pierre Toussaint L’Ouverture was a courageous slave
leader. He was tricked by Napoleon and imprisoned.1804—Haïti gained independence!1st independent Black nation. It is the 2nd oldest
independent nation in the West (only the United
States is older).
CultureWhat languages do they speak?
FrançaisCréole—français, anglais, espagnol, africaines
What religion do Haïtians practice?Roman CatholicVoodoo
Many gods (rain, love, war and farming)Gods can possess themRitualsVoodoo drains the economy because they demand
animals as payment. Blood = lifePeople believe voodoo helped them win the revolution.
LanguageCREOLE ENGLISH
WORDS & PHRASESBonjou!Bonswa!WiMesisoupleCOLORSWouj WozGwiOwanjKakoNUMBERSTwaKatSenkWitWonzDouzSizwitVenKawantSwazant dis
WORDS & PHRASESGood morning!Good afternoon/Evening!YesThanksPleaseCOLORSRedPinkGreyOrangeBrownNUMBERS3458111218204070
The GovernmentDescribe the government of Haïti.
In the past it has…Been very unstable & corruptSuffered from violent dictatorship-stole
from national treasury
Who is the current president of Haïti? Michel Martelly
LifestyleDescribe the economic conditions and the lifestyles
of the Haïtians. Poorest nation in Western HemisphereVery rich OR very poor (80% live below poverty)Only 52.9% can read or writeMost are farmers—small individual farms, rarely
enough to sell after feeding own family90% of population has 1 meal a day (rice & beans)Live in small huts made of thatch roof and mud walls,
outside bathroom, extended familiesPoor health because of unsanitary conditions
LifestyleKids love school—worst punishment is to get sent
home from school.Parent may bring a kid back to school & spank
them in front of teacher.Electricity available on a schedule, if fuel is
available2 television stations plus cable3.2 million cell phones and 1 million internet users
because of a low cost program introduced in 2006
EconomyName some of the principle products of Haïti.
Coffee (only export) CacaoFruitsSugar caneRiceWood carved figurines
LifestyleWhat do Haïtians do to amuse themselves?
Coq fightingFolk DancingSoccerBasketball
ClimateWhat is the climate of Haïti?
Mild tropical climate
CultureWhat is their money called?
Gourde
What does their flag represent?Battle; L’union fait la Force
La Martinique et La Guadeloupe
GeographyWhat are these islands?
Overseas departments of France (DOM)Like Hawaii to the United States The citizens of these islands are citizens of France
Martinique refers to 1 island, while Guadeloupe refers to a group of islands
ProductsWhat are the principles products of the islands?
Sugar (white gold)RumFruits (bananas and pineapples)Tobacco CoffeeTourism
CultureWhat is their money?
Euros
What does their flag look like?French
HistoryWho lived on the islands before the French
settled it?Carib Indians (cannibals) they were warlikeChristopher Colombe discovered Guadeloupe &
Martinique Spain never settled because of Indians France settled in 1635
InhabitantsMost of the islanders are descendants of?
African slavesFrench
Mulattos
What languages do they speak?Français Créole
CultureWhat does Créole refer to?
Language and food “Spices at the bottom”
GeographyWhat does the word Martinique mean in Carib
Indian? Island of flowers
What is the capital city now?Fort de France
It is similar to what U.S. city?French Quarter New Orleans
Geography What was the former capital of Martinique?
St. Pierre
It was often referred to as…“Little Paris” of the West Indies
What is the tallest volcanic mountain on the island?Mont Pelée
Caribbean CurseExplain the legend of the “Caribbean Curse”
Took place in 1635The French tried to enslave Carib Indians. The
Carib Indians resisted but were finally beaten. They preferred death over slavery.Chief put a curse on French
“Today you are the strongest but tomorrow the mountain of fire will avenge us”.
Caribbean CurseBecause of the curse
St.Pierre – Mont PeléeLe 8 mai 19027:50-8:00 am - ville dévastée30,000 victims 1 survivor (prisoner)http://www.redicecreations.com/article.php?id=10732
Compare/Contrast What are the differences between
Haïti & Martinique?Haïti
Poorest country in Western Hemisphere
Dishonest, unstable gov’t
Many natural disasters; few resources
No trade partners; little to trade
La Martinique Prosperous
Stable government
Resources to deal with any natural disasters
Trade with France; sugar cane
Compare/Contrast Why is there such a difference between Haïti & Martinique?
Haïti Independent = history of
unstable, corrupt gov’t
La Martinique Part of France = stable
gov’t
Was the Haitian slave revolution worth it?