Kingdom Animalia
Types of Symmetry
RadialBilateral
Asymmetrical – No symmetry
Phylum Porifera
• Pore bearing
Phylum Porifera
• Pore bearing• Asymmetrical• Sessile• Skeleton made
of Spicules or Spongin
SpiculesSpiculesMade of CaCOMade of CaCO33
SpiculesSpiculesMade of SiOMade of SiO22
Deep sea sponge called “glass sponge”
Spongin – protein fibers
Phylum Porifera
• Pore bearing• Asymmetrical• Sessile• Spicules or
Spongin
• Filter feeder
Collar Cells – Ingest food, move waterSpicules – Structure & DefensePore – Allows water inFlagella – Moves waterOsculum – excurrent opening
Collar cells
Phylum Porifera
• Pore bearing• Asymmetrical• Sessile • Spicules or Spongin• Filter feeder• Aggregation of
specialized cells. No tissues.
• No Circulatory System• No Digestive system• External, sexual
reproduction; often hermaphroditic
Phylum Porifera
• Pore bearing• Asymmetrical• Sessile • Spicules or Spongin• Filter feeder• Aggregation of
specialized cells. No tissues.
• No Circulatory System• No Digestive system• External, sexual
reproduction; often hermaphroditic
• Reproduces asexually by budding
Phylum CtenophoraCommon name – Common name –
comb jelliescomb jellies
• 8 comb rows8 comb rows
• Sticky cells Sticky cells
• Biradial symmetryBiradial symmetry
• Has two layers of Has two layers of tissuetissue
Phylum CtenophoraCommon name – Common name –
comb jelliescomb jellies• 8 comb rows8 comb rows• Sticky cells Sticky cells • Biradial symmetryBiradial symmetry• Two tissue layersTwo tissue layers• Mouth opens to a Mouth opens to a
branched gut, branched gut, complete digestive complete digestive systemsystem
Phylum CtenophoraCommon name – comb Common name – comb
jelliesjellies• 8 comb rows8 comb rows• Sticky cells Sticky cells • Biradial symmetryBiradial symmetry• Two tissue layersTwo tissue layers• Complete digestive Complete digestive
systemsystem• Often bioluminescentOften bioluminescent
Phylum CtenophoraCommon name – comb jelliesCommon name – comb jellies• 8 comb rows8 comb rows• Sticky cells Sticky cells • Biradial symmetryBiradial symmetry• Two tissue layersTwo tissue layers• Complete digestive systemComplete digestive system• Often bioluminescentOften bioluminescent• Most are hermaphrodites – Most are hermaphrodites –
external sexual fertilization, external sexual fertilization, sperm & egg are released sperm & egg are released through mouththrough mouth
Larvae
Phylum CtenophoraCommon name – comb jelliesCommon name – comb jellies• 8 comb rows8 comb rows• Sticky cells Sticky cells • Biradial symmetryBiradial symmetry• Two tissue layersTwo tissue layers• Complete digestive systemComplete digestive system• Often bioluminescentOften bioluminescent• Most hermaphrodites – Most hermaphrodites –
external sexual fertilizationexternal sexual fertilization• No respiratory systemNo respiratory system• No circulatory systemNo circulatory system• Nerve Net (no centralization) Nerve Net (no centralization)
Statocyst
Benthic ctenophore
Phylum Cnidaria• Stinging cells
(nematocysts)
Nematocyst
Phylum Cnidaria• Stinging cells
(nematocysts)
• Radial symmetry
• Incomplete digestive system
Phylum Cnidaria• Stinging cells
(nematocysts)
• Radial symmetry
• Incomplete digestive system
• Some alternate between polyp & medusa
PLANULA LARVAE
POLYP
Strobilization
EPHYRA
MEDUSA
MEDUSA
Hydroids
Corals
Corals and Zooanthids
Sea Anemones
WORMWORMSS
Phylum Platyhelminthes
• Flatworms - Dorsoventrally flattened (top to bottom)
• Digestive tract has one opening• Simple nervous system with two ganglia
Phylum Platyhelminthes
• Flatworms - Dorsoventrally flattened (top to bottom)
• Digestive tract has one opening• Simple nervous system with two ganglia• No true circulatory or respiratory systems
Phylum Platyhelminthes
• Three tissue layers – ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm
• Most are simultaneous hermaphrodites, and can often self fertilize
Tapeworm in a Carp
Phylum Nematoda
• Long, tapered, cylindrical shape
• Longitudinal muscles
Phylum Nematoda
• Long, tapered, cylindrical shape• Longitudinal muscles• Complete Digestive system• No circulatory or respiratory systems• Pseudocoelom
Roundworms
Phylum Nematoda
• Long, tapered, cylindrical shape• Longitudinal muscles• Complete Digestive system• No circulatory or respiratory systems• Pseudocoelom• Reproduce sexually. Internal fertilization.
Fertilized eggs are released into the water.
Roundworms
PSEUDOCOELOM
Phylum Annelida
• Segmented worms• Coelom
Phylum Annelida
• Segmented worms• Coelom• Circular muscles
Phylum Annelida
• Segmented worms• Coelom• Circular muscles• Circulatory system
(closed system)
Phylum AnnelidaPhylum Annelida(polychaetes)(polychaetes)
• Segmented wormsSegmented worms• CoelomCoelom• Circular musclesCircular muscles• Circulatory systemCirculatory system
(closed system)(closed system)Reproduction – separate Reproduction – separate
gendersgendersrelease sperm & egg release sperm & egg into waterinto water
Class PolychaetaClass Polychaeta • Many BristlesMany Bristles
GillsGills
Sandcastle WormSandcastle Worm
Other Worms
Ribbon Worms (Nemerteans)
Other Worms
Peanut Worms (Sipunculids)
Other Worms Gutless Worms (Pogonophora)