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April 21, 2023 JINR Dubna BMBF
Detector R&D for the ILC
W. Lohmann, DESY
e+ e- Collider
500 GeV – 1 TeV
•Fixed and tunable CMS energy
•Clean Events
•Beam Polarisation
option
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Physics Requirements for a Detector
Two cases: A light Higgs Boson,
Measurement of Higgs Strahlung, e+e- Z H l+ l- X
(‘golden physics channel’), with (ml+l-) << Z
Major Goal: Explore Elektroweak Symmetry Breaking Understanding of Particle Mass Generation
Identification of the Higgs (Mass, Spin, Parity), Couplings
Massaccuracy ~40 MeV
Spin, Parity
Higgs Field Potential,
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Or, no Higgs Boson
Strong Interactions of Gauge Bosons
Impact on the Detector:
•Excellent Tracking
•Excellent Jet Reconstruction
•Excellent Vertex Reconstruction
(Flavour Tagging, e.g. to
measure Higgs branching
fractions)
-Reconstruction of the W’s from the measured Jet energies and directions e+e- Z H
bbe+e-
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Detector Hermeticity
– efficient electron and photon detection at small polar angles
SUSY: Detection of l , sleptons for small m
signal major background :
ee l 0 l 0 ee (e)(e) l l ~ 10 fb ~ 106 fb
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Performance Requirements in Numbers:
Momentum resolution 10 х LEPImpact Parameter 3 х LEPdE/dx LEPJet energy resolution 2 х LEP, HERAGranularity 200 х LEP, HERALuminosity precision 3 x LEPHermeticity > 5 mrad
Dedicated Detector R&D needed
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Example- “TESLA” Detector
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Example: CCD technology
20x20 m2 pixel, cos=0.96,
Inside a foam cryostat,1800K,
thickness 0.01 % X0
Critical: readout speed
Silicon Vertex Detectors
Other options: MAPS and DEPFET technologies
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1.7 m radius, 3% X0, 4T B-fieldChallanges: Gas amplifiction system Field stability 100 m single point resolution
Central Tracker- TPC
Other option for gas amplification: Micromegas
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Examples of Prototype TPCs
Carleton, Aachen, Desy(not shown) for B=0 studies
Desy, Victoria, Saclay (fit in 2-5T magnets)
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Prototype Results
Point resolution,
Gem--Two examples of σ_pt measured for Gems and 2x6mm^2 pads.
--In Desy chamber triple Gem isused
--In Victoria chamber a double Gem
--In general (also for Micromegas) the resolution is not as good as simulations expect; we are searching for why (electronics, noise, method).
30cm
B=4T
Gas:P5
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Central region:Pixel vertex detector (VTX)Silicon strip detector (SIT)Time projection chamber (TPC)
Forward region: Silicon disks (FTD) Forward tracking chambers (FCH)(e.g. straw tubes, silicon strips)
momentum resolution (1/p) =7 x 10-5
/GeV
FORWARD TRACKING
+SIT : (1/p) = 0.5 x 10-4 GeV-1
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E /E = 11% / sqrt(E)
Tungsten-Silicon sandwich. With pad of 1x1 cm and 40 layers, 24 X0,
RM ~ 1 cm
Other options: Shashlyk, Tile-Fiber, Scitillator-Si Hybrid
Electromagnetic Calorimeter
Hadron Calorimeter
Stainless steel Scintillator tile, other options: digital calorimeter(RPC’s)
E /E = 35% / sqrt(E) + 3%
E /E = 30%/ sqrt(E)
Energy flow measurement for jets:(Combined tracking, ECAL, HCAL)
TPCTPC
ECALECALHCALHCAL Calorimetry
, ZZeeWWee
E%30E%60
LEP
ILC
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CalorimetryExample
Detector slab
Si- Waver, 1 x 1 cm2 pads
Goal: detect electrons
and photons,Photon direction
fromshower
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Example of tile-fibre
geometry dependence;
varies from ~9 to ~25.e./MIP
Silicon PM’s for read out
<Nph.e> =46
Calorimetry
R 50
h
pixel
Ubias
Al
Depletion Region2 m substrate
Resistor
Rn=400 k
20m
m 42
200 400 600 800 10000
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
Coun
ts
Channel
Steel-ScintillatorSandwich HCAL withWLS fibre readout
Example of tiles equipped
with fibres
Hamburg, DESY, Dubna, MEPhI, Prague, LPI, ITEP
Example:
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MINICAL Prototype
First Tests with hadron beam in 2005
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•Fast Beam Diagnostics
•Detection of Electrons and Photons at very low angle –
extend hermeticity
•Shielding of the inner Detector
IP
VTX
•Measurement of the Luminosity
with precision O(10-4)
LumiCal BeamCal
FTD
L* = 4m
300 cm
LumiCal: 26 < < 82 mradBeamCal: 4 < < 28 mradPhotoCal: 100 < < 400 rad
Very Forward Detectors
BeamstrahlungDepositions:20 MGy/yearRad. hard
sensors
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Sensor prototyping, Diamonds
ADC
Diamond (+ PA)
Scint.+PMT&
signal gate
May,August/2004 test beams
CERN PS Hadron beam – 3,5 GeV
2 operation modes:
Slow extraction ~105-106 / s
fast extraction ~105-107 / ~10ns (Wide range intensities)
Diamond samples (CVD):
- Freiburg
- GPI (Moscow)
- Element6
Pm1&2
Pads
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The following proposals were approved:
•Barrel Calorimeters (electromagnetic and hadron)
PRC R&D 00/01, 00/02, 01/02
•Vertexing
PRC R&D 01/01(CCD), PRC R&D 01/04 (MAPS)
PRC R&D 03/01(DEPFET), PRC R&D 03/02(SILC)
•Tracking
Time Projection Chamber, PRC R&D 01/03
•Forward Calorimeters, PRC R&D 02/01
http://www.desy.de/prc/
DESY R&D Program (since year 2000)
These Collaborations represent the ‘state of the art’ in the fields
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•Beam Momentum Spectrometers (match the accuracy for mH ~ 40 MeV)
•Polarisation Diagnostics for Electrons and Positrons (electroweak precision measurements require sub % level)•Accelerator-Detector Interaction (Lumi optimisation, Rad. Protection, BDS, Final Quad’s..)
Additional Components
These components need dedicated R&D,Most of the topics are part of the ‘EuroTEV’project coordinated by DESY (partly funded by EU)
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• Ongoing R&D Programs in Europe, US/Canada and Asia • Currently the Effort is in the Process of Re-Coordination (Think Global-Act Local), Detector R&D panel will be formed soon
• Next Milestones: LCWS Stanford, March 05 Snowmass WS, August 05 ECFA WS Vienna, Nov. 2005
And many special workshops ……
Worldwide R&D
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Concepts: Gaseous or Silicon Central Tracking?
B = 5T
B = 4T
B = 3T
Large RSmall R
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Step 1. Form panels (see below)
Step 2. To match accelerator CDR (2005 0r 2006?) Single preliminary costing and performance paper for all concepts.
Step 3. To match accelerator TDR (2007?) Detector CDRs with performance on benchmarks, technical feasibility, refined costs etc. Received by WWSOC Step 4. When Global Lab. is formed (2008?) L.O.I.s for Experiments. Global Lab. invites TDRs.
Step 5. Global Lab. + 1 year (2009?) G.L. receives TDRs and selects experiments.
Time Schedule
ILC Detector
Its time to become a visible collaborator…
(Detector R&D, MDI )
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Summary
• R&D for a linear Collider Detector will be a major effort at DESY in the next 5+x years
• In 2010 a clear scheme for the production of Subdetectors must be ready
• There is world-wide activity going on- lets unite our intellectual capacitance and expertise to invent the best performance subdetectors and demonstrate this to the community
• In 2008 we must be ready for LOI’s