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ITSO - Trinidad
Satellite Broadband Services and Technology Trends
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Key Segments are Driving VSAT Growth
Wireless Infrastructure
Corporate Networks
Energy Consumer Broadband
Rural & Government
+2k VSATs
7% CAGR
+300k VSATs
42% CAGR +19k VSATs
3% CAGR
+2k VSATs
3% CAGR
+80k VSATs
10% CAGR
Source: Euroconsult forecast for 2014 -2020, April 2015
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Satellite Broadband User Groups:
Achieving Policy Goals and Economic Objectives
Corporate
Networks
Peace Keeping
Disaster
Preparedness
Wireless
Extension
Services Telemedicine
Internet Connectivity
Maritime
Communications
Distance
Education
TV contribution
Aviation Security
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“Even if your network survives an earthquake, it is
unlikely to survive the tsunami of calls that come after
it.”
- Ramon Isberto, Smart (Philippines)
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12 Jan 2010 – Haiti Earthquake
• Mobile network was operational by 2nd
day but the volume of calls overwhelmed
its capacity
• Service on single path cable system was
disrupted as cable landing terminal was
completely destroyed
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SINGAPORE
106% Residential Wired
Broadband
Penetration
2Gbps Consumer Broadband
Offering
- $65/month
53% Of Residential
Broadband
Connections are >
100Mbps
One of the world's most wired places
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Advanced Networks Can Also Suffer Outages at Single
Points of Failure • In Oct 2013, a fire broke out at one of the internet
exchanges in Singapore
• Essential services were crippled across
Singapore and affected more than 270,000
subscribers
• Affected services were only fully restored 2
weeks later
• In May 2014, the operator was fined a record
US$4.3 million
• Even advanced networks are not immune to
outages
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Satellite Provides Rapid Rollout & Recovery
COWS COLT Portable BTS
Sources: Wikipedia, AT&T, Vodafone, GSMA
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An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure –Benjamin Franklin
• Proper preparation can do much to mitigate financial and service impacts due to planned or
unplanned disruptions
• Don’t wait until it’s TOO LATE!
• To help customers prepare for worst case scenarios, Intelsat is offering 2 types of satellite
backup options that cater to different needs.
Dedicated Backup Capacity
• Dedicated Access
• Potential Revenue Generation
• Full Control
• Instant Activation
Shared Backup Capacity
• Shared Access
• Subscription-based
• Affordable
• Pay-as-you-use
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Mobile & Corporate Network Operation;
A World of Challenges
• Coverage obligations
• Service quality
• Grow revenue per user
• Acquire new users
• Offer new services
• Upgrade to 3G, 4G
• Deal with fiber outages
• Congested links • Customer satisfaction • Subscriber churn
Throughput for Data &
Video
Revenue & Profit
Growth
Regulatory Compliance
Reliable Network
Evolution
Balance Budget
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Challenge # 1: Network Congestion Results in Customer Complaints…
and Large Government Fines
Poor service due to outages and dropped calls
on undersized networks
Mobile operators have over R$ 25bn in tax charges
and fines from the government
• Impact on brand and customer churn • Operators have been fined between
R$9M and R$34M per violation
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Issues Will Grow Exponentially as Mobile Data Traffic Multiplies 13-
Fold in 5 Years
An opportunity to increase
operators’ revenue
BUT
Necessity to upgrade the network
to support the traffic
0.09 0.18
0.31
0.51
0.79
1.16
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
1.40
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Ex
ab
yte
s p
er
Mo
nth
Latin America Mobile Data Traffic
Source: Cisco VNI Mobile, 2014
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Challenge #2: Race to 3G Expansion in Brazil Requires Efficient Network
Deployment
Driven by
• Competitive forces
• Consumer demand
• Business growth
Constrained by
• Profitability of cell sites
• Investment budgets
• Speed of deployment
• Network capability
Source: Teleco, Aug 2014
277M Mobile
subs
123M
3G
subs
67% Cities
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3G to Reach 50% of Mobile Subscribers by 2015
28% CAGR* from
2011 to 2018
Source: Pyramid Research
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Mill
ion
s
Brazil Mobile Subscriber Technology
GSM 3G 4G iDEN
*CAGR: Compound Annual Growth Rate
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Challenge #3: Expansion into Rural Areas Meets Regulatory
Coverage Obligations and Helps Top Line Growth
BUT…
Serving remote areas is difficult and expensive
• Deployment is slow and uneasy
• Equipment is costly to transport and install
• No access to the power grid
• Low population density and ARPU impact
profitability
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Operators Must Balance Priorities within a Constrained
Budget
Revenue Growth
Network Evolution
Network Agility
Network Reliability
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Satellite is Sometimes Seen as the Last Resort Solution
Expensive? Complex?
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Actually, Our Next-Generation Technology Was Designed to Cost-
Effectively Address These Challenges!
Through frequency reuse and multiple spot beams, High Throughput Satellites (HTS)
increase throughput and reduce the cost per bit delivered, regardless of spectrum choice
Service Quality
• 99.999 Availability
• Economical service back-up
• Address traffic surges
3G Upgrades
• Fast deployment
• Cost-effective
• High performance for backhaul and per-user needs
Rural Expansion
• Smaller, inexpensive ground equipment
• Network agility
• Profitable sites
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Satellite as Last Resort? Think Again!
Cost Effective Fast & Agile
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Trends in Technology
Addressing your bottom line through the use of the latest
technologies
• DVB-S2 and DVB-S2x
• Adaptive Coding and Modulation
• Carrier Cancellation Technology
• Lower Roll off factors
• Multi-demodulator Hub Cards
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DVB-S2 & Extensions
A new standard enables true convergence
• Excellent spectral efficiency:
• Up to 40% bandwidth saving compared to DVB-S
• Up to 2dB better than Turbo Codes
• HDTV enabler
• Unlike DVB-S, DVB-S2 is optimised for MPEG and IP
• Allows for DTH and DTT distribution in single carrier
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Adaptive Coding & Modulation • Higher throughput for the same amount of resources
• When rain fade issues arise, the modulation can
adjust so as to ensure the remote stays in the
network
• Allows lower per Mbps price points to be achieved,
leading to more competitive prices in the market
Maximum achievable data throughput by utilizing the most efficient coding and modulation scheme at any moment in time, depending on location within the satellite contour, antenna size and atmospheric conditions
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8PSK A => B B => ATypical 8PSK Link
QPSK
8PSK QPSK (Spreading)
Bandwidth increases,
Power decreasesA => B A => B
Original Link shown
for Reference
QPSK - With
DoubleTalk
Carrier-in-Carrier
Apply DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier -
Composite Carrier uses Less Bandwidth
& Less Power Compared to Original
Composite Link
Carrier Cancellation Technology
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Roll Off
• Allocated BW directly proportional to Symbol rate X Roll off
• Typical roll off – 35%
• Most recent roll off available 5%
• Drives efficiency
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Multi-Demodulator Cards
• Multiple inbound carriers in one return card
• Reduces cost of equipment – fewer cards and less chassis space
• Potential to pay as you grow with existing hardware (only software
required)
• Ease of manageability
• Far more common today across various platforms
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Combination of Features
Equipment Vendors are integrating options to their products
• DVB-S2 with ACM
• Satellite equipment vendors (eg. HNS, iDirect, Shiron)
• Carrier in Carrier
• Comtech EFData CDM-625/CDM-625A
• Viasat/iDirect PCMA
• DVB-S2, Carrier in Carrier with ACM
• Comtech EFData CDM-750
• Hub demodulator card
• iDirect, Comtech, etc
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Technologies – DVB-S2
• Second Generation DVB Standard For Use In:
• Satellite news gathering
• IP packet transmission
• Data content distribution
• New Key Features Introduced
• New coding based upon LDPC
• Bandwidth optimization through use of VCM & ACM dynamic coding
• Allows routes to use the best possible coding for each site
• Coding Supported
• QPSK, 8PSK, 16APSK, 32APSK
• Backwards Compatible With DVB-S
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ACM Cost Benefit
• Characteristics • Provides improved throughput during clear sky conditions by utilizing rain fade margin
• Keeps link closed during rain fade conditions
• Efficiency dependent upon location within the footprint
• Can Provide Significant Cost Savings • Pricing as low as $1,400 - $1,500/Mbps SK & $850 - $950 IOO
• Costs decline further when implemented with C-n-C
• Actual Customer Network • Original service engineered for 39/12 Mbps
• Actual throughput was 65/32 Mbps
• No additional MHz used!
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An Epic Change
• Modem and ground technology improvements have played a
significant role in efficiency advances
• Ground infrastructure is only part of the story
• Satellite technology has also evolved
• The next advance is on its way…High Throughput Satellites
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What are the Components of High Throughput Satellite
Design Decisions?
All of these components impact the business model for satellite
design and are driven by go-to-market business criteria
HTS
Throughput
Architecture
Spectrum
Efficiency
Coverage
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Technical Element #1: Throughput
• Throughput is the speed of information delivery (bits/sec), driven by:
– Bandwidth (MHz) = The “size of the pipe”, increased by frequency reuse
– Efficiency (Bits/sec per MHz) = Amount of error-free content in the pipe
• Maximizing aggregate satellite bandwidth or maximizing individual user throughput are often
conflicting technical goals.
– There is a trade-off, and the right answer depends on the business applications
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Technical Element #2: Efficiency • Efficiency is the amount of error-free information to the user (bits/Hz)
• Spot beams drive efficiency up (more power) but close proximity of same frequency spot beams increases
interference and brings efficiency down.
• Greater distance between same frequency spot beams will increase efficiency but reduce
frequency reuse and total satellite throughput. So what is best?
• This is a trade-off: Serving more users with consumer-grade quality (lower efficiency) or fewer users with carrier-
grade quality (CIR, higher efficiency). This is a decision that will depend on the operator’s business plan.
Four-color reuse Eight-color reuse
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Why Does Efficiency Matter?
• Optimal satellite efficiency depends on the target
business application
– A lower efficiency design will optimize shared network
services for the most number of users at the lowest possible
cost per user
– A high efficiency design will enable carrier-grade services,
maximizing throughput delivered to specific end users for
mission-critical applications
• Greater efficiency lowers end-user terminal costs for
consumer and enterprise applications
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Technical Element #3: Coverage
200 miles 600 miles 1000 miles
Ka-band
Ku-band
C-band
• The size of beams formed by a
standard satellite antenna size
depends on frequency
and
• The number of beams is constrained
by satellite resources (power,
mass, space)
• The size of the targeted coverage
is a major driver of frequency
selection
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Technical Element #3: Coverage
• The size of beams formed by a
standard satellite antenna size
depends on frequency
and
• The number of beams is constrained
by satellite resources (power,
mass, space)
• The size of the targeted coverage
is a major driver of frequency
selection
Beams shown are for
illustration only
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Technical Element #4: Architecture HTS designs may allow for closed or open network architectures.
Open architectures are compatible with many network topologies:
User beam
User beam
Gateway
User or gateway
beam
User or gateway
beam User or gateway
beam
Star Mesh Loopback
…and with a variety of network technologies:
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Open vs. Closed Architectures; Trade-offs Open architecture
Pros:
• Lets customers customize and add value to their
service offering
• Provides control and choice
• Ideal for selling to the sophisticated buyer via a
distribution network
Cons:
• Must have the network expertise to operate it on
their own
• May be more costly than closed systems
Closed architecture
Pros:
• Offers simplicity
• May be best option for simple applications where
cost is a factor
Cons:
• Provides little room for differentiation between
service providers
• Less control and flexibility
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Technical Element #5: Spectrum
• HTS can be developed in any
frequency band
• The frequency selection is driven
by many considerations:
• Coverage and beam size
• Atmospheric conditions in the region that is
being served
• Availability of a robust ecosystem of ground
technologies
C
Ka Ku
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Why Does Spectrum Matter?
• Business considerations for
spectrum selection decisions:
• End-user applications
• Geographic location of services to be
provided
• Coverage considerations
• Availability of back-up capacity
• Current investments in gateways,
terminals, systems and training
• Available frequency rights
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Intelsat’s HTS Offering
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Intelsat brings well known principles of “Frequency Reuse” & “Spot
Beams” in a new configuration
Frequency reuse (Any frequency band: C, Ku, Ka)
+ Spot Beams & Wide Beams
= Intelsat EpicNG
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High Performance
High Efficiency
High Capacity
Flexible
All-region Coverage
Open Platform
Backward Compatible
Multi-band
Complementary Overlay
Lower Cost of Ownership
High Performance Satellite Platform
High Throughput
Resilient and Secure
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Case Studies
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Service 1
Service 2
Service 3
Service 1
Service 2
8PSK 8/9
8APSK 2/3
8PSK 5/6
Intelsat
2.4 m
4.5m
8.1 m
C-band
4.5 m
EL970 IP demodulators
EL830 PEP-Box Terminal
EL170 IP modulator (VCM)
EL470 IP modem
EL840 PEP-Box Server Cluster
EL830 PEP-Box Terminal
EL830 PEP-Box Terminal
Case 1: WiMAX Backhaul Using DVB-S2
Service 3
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• DVB-S2 VCM Each service is encoded and modulated with its own set of parameters on the same carrier
• Additional compression at IP level
• Web sites open 3-4 times faster
• Time-sensitive applications are prioritized
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Combined bandwidth savings of 40 to 50 %
True broadband experience for end-users
Case 1: WiMAX Backhaul Using DVB-S2
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Case 2: Point-to-Point DVB-S2 ACM Link
9m Ku-band hub
4m C-band remote
15 Mbaud
18 MHz, Ku
7.5 Mbaud
9MHz, C
EL470 IP modem EL470 IP modem
Without ACM:
Fixed 8PSK 9/10: 38/19Mbit/sec
Losing service during heavy storms
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• Most of the time running 32APSK 9/10
• +70% compared to 8PSK 9/10
• +100% compared to DVB-S
• Service always available, even during severe weather conditions
Time
Sig
na
l to
no
ise r
atio
Severe Thunderstorm
Duration: 10 minutes
actual
required
32APSK 9/10
16APSK 3/4
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100 % bandwidth savings
100 % Availability
Case 2: Point-to-Point DVB-S2 ACM Link
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Case 3: Inclined Orbit Satellite with FlexACM
• FlexACM can increase
the average throughput
tremendously, and
very predictably
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• Questions?
• Thank you!