![Page 1: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
ITALYLAYERS OF HISTORY
![Page 2: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
THREE LAYERS
GREEK
ROMAN
MODERN
![Page 3: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
GREEK LAYER: 850-275 BCE
WE WILL BE HERE
![Page 4: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Greeks needed farmland (grain) and timber (ships) for survival.
Southern Italy and Sicily had both! Needed harbors to export resources.
They settled as far north as there were harbors (Cumae)
GREEK COLONIZATION
![Page 5: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
GREEK SITES WE WILL SEE
CUMAE PAESTUM
![Page 6: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Daedalus myth (Cumae) Neopolis (Naples) Agora: Greek Marketplace (Pompeii) Greek gods: Hera, Apollo (Paestum)
GREEK INFO
![Page 7: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
ROMAN LAYER: 850 BCE – 476 CE
WE WILL BE HERE
PLEASE NOTE: IN 850 BCE, WHEN THE GREEKS WERE COLONIZING, ROME WAS A TINY CITY STATE.
ROME 850 BCE
![Page 8: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Rome needed harbors to expand. Natural harbors are in the South held by
the Greeks, remember? By a series of wars including fighting the
Greeks (Pyrrhic Wars), Rome controls the Italian peninsula 275 CE
By having harbors, Rome is now in direct competition with Carthage, the largest maritime power in the Mediterranean
The collision of the two powers takes place in Sicily.
ROMAN EXPANSION
![Page 9: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
ROMAN EXPANSIONCHECK OUT YELLOW AND LIGHT GREEN
![Page 10: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Punic Wars with Carthage 264-146 BCE As a result of the Wars, Rome becomes
the dominant power in the Mediterranean.
Roman territory now includes most of the Mediterranean – an overnight empire!
ROMAN EXPANSION
![Page 11: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
ROMAN EXPANSIONCHECK OUT GRAY AND ORANGE
![Page 12: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The Punic Wars deeply affected Roman social and political structure. It led to many famous civil wars (Marius, Caesar, Antony)
The result was that the Roman Republic fell and one man took over (Augustus).
The good news in all this was that Rome enjoyed almost 200 years of peace and prosperity (Pax Romana) and huge expansion
The eruption of Mt. Vesuvius fell in this period.
ROMAN EXPANSION
![Page 13: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
ROMAN SITES WE WILL SEE
HERCULANEUM
AQUA AUGUSTA ALEXANDER MOSAIC
POMPEII VILLA JOVIS - CAPRI
![Page 14: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Roman gods Roman Naval Headquarters Roman aqueducts Roman Emperors (Tiberius) Roman Forum (marketplace) Roman libraries
ROMAN INFO
![Page 15: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
MODERN SITES WE WILL SEE
National Library
Cathedral of Naples
Castel Nuovo
Cathedral of Amalfi
![Page 16: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
NATURAL SITES WE WILL SEE
![Page 17: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
NATURAL SITES WE WILL SEE
SOLFITARA SORRENTO
![Page 18: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
NATURAL SITES WE WILL SEE
AMALFI COAST
![Page 19: ITALY LAYERS OF HISTORY. THREE LAYERS GREEK ROMAN MODERN](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022103122/56649f535503460f94c7706a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
HOME FOR 8 DAYS!