8/2/2019 Iran After the June 2005 Presidential Election
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8/2/2019 Iran After the June 2005 Presidential Election
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• Bsa`h! Mfhocz`cr `lm Cbyba Socbf}r5 ]nf Hbmmaf F`s} [zogz`h holb}ozs}nf gzowblg mfh`lm oi {fo{af bl }nf zfgbol ioz mfhocz`}bu`}bol! `ccovl}`jafgoyfzlhfl}! }nf zvaf oi a`w! `lm `mnfzflcf }o bl}fzl`}bol`a colyfl}bols ol }o{(bcs svcn `s nvh`l zbgn}s `lm wohfl's zbgn}s, B} col}blvfs }o f~`hblf }nf zoaf oiBsa`hbc hoyfhfl}s bl sn`{blg {oab}bc`a `lm socb`a mfyfao{hfl}s `lm }nf y`zbf}roi i`c}ozs }n`} i`yoz oz ojs}zvc} }nf f~{`lsbol oi cbyba socbf}r,
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j`cd bl }nf :;;: aoc`a covlcba fafc}bols! wnfl
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]nfr `aso aos} }nfbz h`eozb}r bl [`zab`hfl} }o
}nf colsfzy`}byfs bl }nf :;;= gflfz`a fafc(
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‑ca`zbibfm }nf {oab}bc`a h`{ oi Bz`l,‘ ]nf 3
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HBMMAF F@S] [ZOGZ@H OCC@SBOL@A [@[FZ SFZBFS SVHHFZ :;;6
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8/2/2019 Iran After the June 2005 Presidential Election
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/iran-after-the-june-2005-presidential-election 5/20
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8/2/2019 Iran After the June 2005 Presidential Election
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8/2/2019 Iran After the June 2005 Presidential Election
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2
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svz{zbsfm fyfl nbs owl sv{{oz}fzs jr jf`}blg }nf
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`gflm` pvb}f mbiifzfl} izoh }n`} oi nbs zfiozhbs}
{zfmfcfssoz Dn`}`hb,
Jfiozf f~`hblblg }nf zfa`}bols jf}wffl
[zfsbmfl}(Fafc} @nh`mblfe`m `lm }nf 7}n
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}bols bl [`zab`hfl}! `s wfaa `s }nf bssvfs hos}
abdfar }o c`vsf izbc}bol jf}wffl }nf {zfsbmfl}
`lm [`zab`hfl}`zb`ls,
]nf [`zab`hfl} bl }nf Bsa`hbc Zf{vjabc oi
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}fhs! bs lo} mohbl`}fm jr jablm bmfoaogbc`a
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mbssoayf b}sfai wnfl }nf h`eozb}r {`z}r aosfs
}n`} h`eozb}r bl [`zab hfl}`zr fafc}bols, ]nf[`zab`hfl} c}s blmf{flmfl}ar oi }nf {zfsbmfl}!
sfzyblg `s ` mrl`hbc `lm ybjz`l} bls}b}v}bol
}n`} cn`aaflgfs }nf f~fcv}byf jz`lcn ol h`lr
bh{oz}`l} bssvfs,
Col}z`zr }o o}nfz [`zab`hfl}`zr srs}fhs!
}nfzf `zf }wo f~}fzl`a `c}ozs wno bliavflcf
zfa`}bols jf}wffl }nf f~fcv}byf `lm afgbsa`}byf
jz`lcnfs bl Bz`l5 Sv{zfhf Af`mfz @r`}oaa`n
Dn`hflfb `lm }nf F~{fmbflcr Covlcba! nf`m(
fm jr N`snfhb Z`is`le`lb, ]nf h`eozb}r bl }nf
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ozmfzs oi }nf S{bzb}v`a Af`mfz,
Bl H`r :;;=! ` colsfzy`}byf [`zab`hfl}
zf{a`cfm ` zfiozhbs} olf, ]nf lfw hfhjfzs oi
[`zab`hfl} o{flar pvfs}bolfm c`jblf} hfh(
jfzs! zfpvfs}blg ` wbmf z`lgf oi cn`lgfs bl }nf
coh{osb}bol oi hblbs}zbfs `lm }nf zf{a`cfhfl}
oi zfiozhbs} mf{v}r hblbs}fzs wb}n colsfzy`}byf
olfs, ]nf hblbs}fzs wno zfsbs}fm wfzf ovs}fm
izoh oiibcf }nzovgn ` yo}f oi lo colibmflcf jr
8/2/2019 Iran After the June 2005 Presidential Election
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00
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fs{fcb`aar bl socb`a `lm cva}vz`a bssvfs, ]nf
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y`}byfs colsbs}s oi }nzff aoosf i`c}bols, Ibzs}5 }nf
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}byf `lm lvhjfzs `jov} 02;(:;;4 sfcolm! ` =;
hfhjfz zfiozhbs} hblozb}r i`c}bol4 `lm a`s}ar!
}nf blmf{flmfl} i`c}bol! wnbcn blcavmfs 7; oz
>; hfhjfzs, ]nf ybfws oi }nf a`}}fz gzov{ `zf
caosfz }o }nosf oi }nf h`eozb}r i`c}bol,
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i`c}bol colsbs}s oi }wo sf{`z`}f {oab}bc`a
`aab`lcfs5 }nf oamfz gflfz`}bol oi }nf Zbgn}
.hozf }z`mb}bol`a! homfz`}f colsfzy }byfs" `lm
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}r oi {`zab`hfl}`zb`ls o{{osfm }nf socb`a `lm
cva}vz`a {oabcbfs oi }nf Dn`}`hb goyfzlhfl},
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wfzf lo} bl ccozm`lcf wb}n }nosf oi }nf Bsa`hbc
Zf{vjabc, ]nf colsfzy`}byfs `aso mbscvssfm `
l`}bol`a mzfss comf `lm czb}bcbufm }nf vlbyfzsb(
}bfs ioz jfblg }oo abjfz`a, ]nfr mfh`lmfm ivz(
}nfz Bsa`hbu`}bol oi vlbyfzsb}bfs,
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wozd mvzblg }nf {`s} }wo rf`zs `s h`roz oi ]fnz`l! }nfzf `zf lo h`eoz mbiifzflcfs jf}wffl
nbs socb`a `lm cva}vz`a ybfws `lm }nf {oabcbfs
{vsnfm jr [`zab`hfl},
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iocvs ol zfa`}bols wb}n }nf Vlb}fm S}`}fs `lm
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nvh`l zbgn}s, @g`bl! wb}n zfg`zm }o }nfsf
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czb}bc`a oi }nf goyfzlhfl} `lm }nf lfgo}b`}ozs
mvzblg }nf }nzff({owfz }`ads wb}n Fvzo{f
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}nfh oi `c}blg izoh ` wf`d {osb}bol, J`r`}
bl}zomvcfm ` jbaa zfpvbzblg ` n`zmfz ablf ybs(ë(
ybs }nf FV [`zab`hfl} `aso {`ssfm ` jbaa zfpvbz(
blg }nf goyfzlhfl} }o sv{{oz} fiioz}s }o oj}`bl
{f`cfiva lvcaf`z }fcnloaogr,
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}`adfm `jov} caosfz Bz`l(V,S, zfa`}bols!
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zfg`zm }o lvcaf`z {oabcr! nf h`mf col}zoyfzsb`a
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`lm bs bl}bhbm`}fm jr }nf o}nfz sbmf .}nf FV
`lm }nf V,S,", Wb}n zfg`zm }o nvh`l zbgn}s! nf
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03
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mfl} ol h`eoz {oabcr bssvfs svcn `s fcolohbc!
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Olf ibl`a lo}f bs }n`} sblcf `jov} 0:;(0=;
hfhjfzs oi [`zab`hfl} sv{{oz}fm Z`is`le`lb‒s
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0;; oi }nfh wfl} }o nbs oiibcf `i}fz nbs mfif`}
}o colyfr }nfbz sv{{oz} ioz nbh, B} bs yfzr abdf(
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sohf colsfzy`}byfs hbgn} o{{osf }nf f~}zfhf
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@nh`mblfe`m‒s zfa`}bols wb}n b}, Nowfyfz!
f~`hblblg [`zab`hfl}`zr }zflms oyfz }nf {`s}
rf`z `lm coh{`zblg }nfsf wb}n @nh`mblfe`m‒s
ybfws izoh }nf fafc}bol c`h{`bgl! }nfzf wbaa
lo} abdfar jf h`eoz mbs{v}fs jf}wffl
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Jr N`mb Sfh`}b! [vjabc [oabcr Scnoa`z! Woomzow Wbasol Bl}fzl`}bol`a Cfl}fz ioz Scnoa`zs4 @ssbs}`l} [zoifssoz! I cva}r oi A`w lm [oab}bc`a Scbflcf! ]fnz`l Vlbyfzsb}r! Bz`l
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D`zzovjb‒s n`yblg zf{a`cfm }nf {zfsbmfl}(fafc}
bl }nf ibl`a coh{f}b}bol oi }nf sfcolm zovlm
n`m }nf colsfzy`}byf fs}`jabsnhfl} lo} hojb(
abufm `aa b}s bls}zvhfl}s oi {fzsv`sbol `lm
h`lb{va`}bol }o sv{{oz} @nh`mblfe`m‒s c`lmb(
m`cr, Va}bh`}far! olf }nblg bs caf`z4 lo mfgzff oi
j`aao}(zbggblg covam `a}fz }nf a`lmsabmf ybc}ozr
oi @nh`mblfe`m bl }nf ibl`a j`}}af ioz }nf yo}fs,
]nf colsfpvflcfs oi }nbs fafc}bol ol Bz`l‒s
iozfbgl {oabcr `zf lo} rf} `{{`zfl} `lm h`r
{zoyf }o jf `s `s}olbsnblg `s }nf fafc}bol b}sfai,
B} bs lo} caf`z now }nf {zfsbmfl}(fafc} oi }nf
Bsa`hbc Zf{vjabc wbaa {osb}bol nbhsfai wb}nbl
}nf hblfibfam oi }nf Bz`lb`l i`c}bol`a {oab}bcs,
B} bs fpv`aar vlcaf`z now }nf snocd oi }nbs {`z(
}bcva`z fafc}bol! wnbcn afm }o ` mbs}blc} {oa`z(
bu`}bol oi }nf {vjabc `s wfaa `s }nf fab}f! hbgn}
zfsn`{f }nf colsfzy`}byf i`c}bol, ]nf iozfbgl
{oabcr }f`h }n`} @nh`mblfe`m wbaa `ssfhjaf bs
cvzzfl}ar vldlowl! `lm nbs a`cd oi f~{fzbflcf
bl iozfbgl `lm sfcvzb}r {oabcbfs h`df b} `aa }nf
hozf mbiibcva} }o {zfmbc} `} }nbs f zar s}`gf nbs
`{{zo`cn }o iozfbgl zfa`}bols, N`yblg }nfsf
vlcfz}`bl}bfs bl hblm! nowfyfz! }nfzf `zf sfyfz(
`a bssvfs woz}n f~`hblblg zfg`zmblg }nf {ossb(
jaf iozfbgl {oabcr mbzfc}bol oi Hz,
@nh`mblfe`m‒s {zfsbmflcr,
]nf H`uf oi Bz`l‒s Iozfbgl [oabcr(H`dblgS}zvc}vzf[`}}fzls oi Bz`lb`l iozfbgl {oabcr(h`dblg oyfz
}nf a`s} mfc`mf `zf blmbc`}byf oi ` colsflsvs(
j`sfm {zocfss }n`} bs jvba} bl}o hva}b(cfl}fzfm
{owfz s}zvc}vzf, ]nf {oab}bc`a {zocfss vlmfzar(
blg }nf mfcbsbol(h`dblg `{{`z`}vs bl iozfbgl
{oabcr lfcfssb}`}fs }n`} eocdfrblg i`c}bols
lfgo}b`}f }nfbz {osb}bols wb}nbl `ccf{}fm
iz`hfwozds, ]nf colsflsvs(mzbyfl {zocfss n`s
lo} cn`lgfm! }novgn }nf iz`hfwozd wb}nbl
wnbcn }nf {oabcr bs gzovlmfm n`s snbi}fm bl `
ifw mbs}blc} {n`sfs, B} bs s`if }o `ssvhf }n`} }nf
h`s}fz iz`hf oi czb}bc`a co(f~bs}flcf wb}n }nf
bl}fzl`}bol`a cohhvlb}r n`s lo} cn`lgfm4 s b}
bs }nf col}f~} ioz iozfbgl {oabcr mfabjfz`}bols
wb}nbl }nf Bsa`hbc Zf{vjabc oi Bz`l,
]nbs {oab}bc`a col}f~} vlmfzabfs ` yfzr coh(
{af~ iozfbgl {oabcr h`cnblfzr }n`} ojsfzyfzs oi
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HBMMAF F@S] [ZOGZ@H OCC@SBOL@A [@[FZ SFZBFS SVHHFZ :;;6
0=
Bz`l }flm }o vlmfzfs}bh`}f, Bz`l! abdf fyfzr
o}nfz s}`}f bl }nf wozam! sviifzs f~}flsbyfar
izoh }nf {nflohflol oi jvzf`vcz`}bc {oab}bcs,
Oyfz ` moufl iozh`a jvzf`vcz`cbfs `lm `
{af}noz` oi bliozh`a bls}b}v}bols `zf blyoayfm
bl ` coh{f}b}byf {zocfss }o bliavflcf }nf mbzfc(
}bol oi iozfbgl `lm sfcvzb}r {oabcr, ]nfzfiozf! b}
bs nbgnar bl`ccvz`}f }o }nbld }n`} }nbs a`zgfar
so{nbs}bc`}fm `{{`z`}vs covam jf cn`lgfm oz
coh{af}far svjmvfm jr snbi} } }nf `{f~ oi }nf
f~fcv}byf jz`lcn, H`lr oi }nfsf jvzf`vcz`cbfs
n`yf bl}fzl`abufm }nzf`} {fzcf{}bols oi }nfbz
owl! {fzcf{}bols }n`} `zf n`zm }o cn`lgf! `lm
`aa oi }nfh ibgn} ifzocbovsar }o gf} h`~bhvh
`ccfss }o }nf hos} czb}bc`a {a`rfz! }nf Sv{zfhf
Af`mfz }o yobcf s{fcbibc bl}fzfs}s, Jv} b} bs aso
hbszf{zfsfl}`}bol }o `ssvhf }n`} }nf colsfl(
svs(mzbyfl `lm yfzr y`s} mfcbsbol(h`dblg s}zvc(}vzf bs holoab}nbc `lm zvl jr ` sblgaf blmbybm(
v`a, Ivz}nfzhozf! }nf iz`c}vzfm l`}vzf oi }nf
{oab}bc`a srs}fh n`s svzybyfm! `lm }nfzf bs lo
zf`sol wnr }nbs }z`mfh`zd oi }nf Bsa`hbc
Zf{vjabc oi Bz`l wovam cf`sf }o ivlc}bol mvz(
blg @nh`mblfe`m‒s {zfsbmflcr,
Bs Mz`h`}bc Cn`lgf bl Iozfbgl [oabcr[ossbjaf?Jfc`vsf oi }nf if`}vzfs oi }nf {zocfss f~{a`blfm
`joyf! b} wovam jf yfzr mbiibcva} }o cn`lgf }nfh`s}fz iz`hf wb}nbl wnbcn }nf {oabcr bs
iozhfm, Fyfl }nf hos} mrl`hbc `lm `ggzfssbyf
{zfsbmfl} wovam iblm b} n`zm }o zfyfz} Bz`l j`cd
}o `l `gf oi bmfoaogr `lm `w`r izoh sohf
mfgzff oi {z`gh`}bsh, ]nf iozfbgl {oabcr l`z(
z`}byf oi Bz`l sffhs }o blmbc }f }n`} b} n`s
{`ssfm }nf `l}b(s}`}vs pvo m`rs `lm bs bl sf`zcn
oi `ccohhom`}bol `lm con`jb}`}bol, B} wovam
}`df hozf }n`l ` {zfsbmfl}b`a cn`lgf }o {v} }nf
fyoayblg {zocfss bl zfyfzsf gf`z, ]nbs oi covzsf
mofs lo} hf`l }n`} wf wbaa lo} sff `l bl}flsb(
ibfm }vzi j`}}af oyfz }nf mbzfc}bol oi iozfbgl
{oabcr, ]nf vsv`a {vaablg `lm {vsnblg oi `aa
coh{af~ `lm i`c}bol(zbmmfl iozfbgl {oabcr
`{{`z`}vsfs h`r jfcohf hozf `cv}f! jv} }nf
bls}b}v}bol`abufm {zocfss `lm }nf `c}ozs wbaa
jf`z hozf h`zds oi col}blvb}r }n`l cn`lgf,
[zfsbmfl}(fafc} @nh`mblfe`m n`s fh{n`(
sbufm }nf bh{oz}`lcf oi @sb`l `lm Hvsabh
s}`}fs bl nbs iozfbgl {oabcr, Wn`} }n`} f~`c}ar
hf`ls olf c`l lo} jf svzf, Jv} blmbc`}bols
izoh nbs zfh`zds `lm nbs `ssocb`}fs‒ occ`sbol`a
cohhfl}s svggfs} }n`} nf bl}flms }o iocvs
hozf ol }nf zfa`}bols wb}n gzf`} {owfzs svcn s
Blmb`! Cnbl`! `lm Zvssb` }n`} }o sohf f~}fl}
s}`z}fm mvzblg [zfsbmfl} Dn`}`hb‒s }flvzf `lm
n`s `azf`mr jozlf sohf izvb}s, ]nbs h`r lo}
f~`c}ar jf ` zfozbfl}`}bol oi Bz`lb`l iozfbgl
{oabcr mbzfc}bol, @nh`mblfe`m wbaa abdfar col(
}blvf }nf flg`gfhfl} wb}n Fvzo{f jv} wbaa jf
hozf mfh`lmblg `lm mzbyf ` }ovgnfz j`zg`bl
wb}n Fvzo{f`ls, Nbs sffhblgar hozf `v}`zdbc
fcolohbc {oabcr covam n`yf sohf s{baa(oyfz
fiifc}s ol {oab}bc`a zfa`}bols wb}n Fvzo{f4 jv}
}n`} h`r {zoyf }o jf hozf }z`lsb}ozr `lm
sv{fzibcb`a }n`l svjs}`l}byf,
]nf i`}f oi }nf lvcaf`z lfgo}b`}bols wb}n
}nf Fvzo{f`l Vlbol }zobd` .Iz`lcf! Gfzh`lr `lm }nf Vlb}fm Dblgmoh" wbaa jf }nf ibzs} }fs}
oi }nf lfw {zfsbmfl}‒s n`lmablg oi czb}bc`a ioz(
fbgl {oabcr bssvfs, @nh`mblfe`m‒s blb}b`a hfs(
s`gfs n`yf zf`iibzhfm nbs bl}fl}bols }o col}bl(
vf }nf lfgo}b`}blg {zocfss, @a}novgn }nf lfgo(
}b`}bols wb}n Fvzo{f oyfz }nf Bz`lb`l lvcaf`z
{zogz`h n yf jffl sf} bl }nf wbmfz colsflsv`a
{zocfss oi Bz`l‒s {owfz s}zvc}vzf! }nf zfsfzy`(
}bols }n`} }nf lfw {zfsbmfl} n`s zfg`zmblg }nf
yb`jbab}r oi `lr Fvzo{f`l oiifz covam cn`lgf
}nf mrl`hbcs oi j`zg`blblg bl i`yoz oi ` n`zmfzablf, Jv} b} bs `aso {a`vsbjaf }o `zgvf }n`}
jfc`vsf lo Bz`lb`l {oab}bcb`l .blcavmblg
@nh`mblfe`m" c`l gbyf v{ Bz`lb`l ivfa(crcaf
c`{`jbab}r! }n`} {zocfss bs moohfm }o i bavzf, B}
sffhs }n`} Bz`l vlmfz }nf lfw {zfsbmfl} wbaa
gflvblfar }zr }o h`df }nbs {zocfss wozd `lm
wbaa mo fyfzr}nblg {ossbjaf lo} }o jf }nf {`z}r
zfs{olsbjaf ioz }nf i`bavzf oi lfgo}b`}bols wb}n
}nf FV, Gbyfl }nf {zfssvzf cohblg izoh nbs
cols}b}vflcr! @nh`mblfe`m wovam n`yf }o {vz(
svf ` hvcn }ovgnfz ablf, ]nbs wbaa h`df svc(
cfss hozf mbiibcva} }o `ccoh{absn vlafss }nf
Fvzo{f`ls oiifz ` colcfssbol }o `ccohhom`}f
Bz`lb`l mfh`lms ioz dff{blg sohf iozh oi ivfa
crcaf c`{`jbab}r,
]nf olgoblg z`{{zocnfhfl} wb}n [fzsb`l
Gvai s}`}fs wbaa bl `aa abdfabnoom {zocffm vl`i(
ifc}fm, ]nbs {oabcr bs so ibzhar fs}`jabsnfm bl }nf
Bz`lb`l iozfbgl {oabcr `gflm` }n`} lo `mhblbs(
}z`}byf cn`lgfs wovam vlmfzhblf b} bl }nf
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06
`jsflcf oi vliozfsffl fyfl}s, ]nbs blcavmfs }nf
oyfz`aa {oabcr ybs(ë(ybs Bz`p! wnbcn bs j`sfm ol
}nzff {baa`zs oi }nf }z`lsb}bol }o ` ivlc}bolblg
mfhocz`cr5 Bz`p‒s }fzzb}ozb`a bl}fgzb}r4 confsbol4
`lm s}`jbab}r `aolg }nf wfs}fzl jozmfzs oi Bz`l,
]nbs wbaa vlmovj}fmar h`~bhbuf Bz`lb`l bliav(
flcf blsbmf {os}(S`mm`h Bz`p, @nh`mblfe`m
sffhs }o jf afss mbs{osfm }o ` z`mbc`a cn`lgf oi
covzsf bl Bz`p,
A`s} jv} lo} af`s} bs }nf fiifc} oi `l
@nh`mblfe`m {zfsbmflcr ol V,S,(Bz`l zfa`}bols,
@nh`mblfe`m n`s s`bm ol sfyfz`a occ`sbols }n`}
nf sffs lo lffm ioz }nf bh{zoyfhfl} oi zfa`(
}bols jf}wffl }nf }wo `myfzs`zbfs, Fyfl bi nf
w`l}fm }o }`df ` soi}fz }olf `lm fl}fz}`bl }nf
{ossbjbab}r oi mb`aogvf wb}n }nf Vlb}fm S}`}fs! bl
}nf i`cf oi `l fafy`}fm znf}ozbc`a `}}`cd ol Bz`l
`lm Wnb}f Novsf s}`}fhfl}s }n`} `bhfm }o mf(afgb}bhbuf }nf fafc}oz`a {zocfss! nf wovam iblm b}
`ahos} bh{ossbjaf }o vlmfz}`df `lr blb}b`}byfs,
]nf lf} zfsva} bs }n`} @nh`mblfe`m wbaa mf({zb(
ozb}buf V,S,(Bz`l z`{{zocnfhfl} `lm iocvs ol
o}nfz bssvfs, Mvzblg }nf {zfsbmfl}b`a c`h{`bgl!
vlabdf o}nfz c`lmbm`}fs wno h`mf caf`z }nfbz
bl}fzfs}s! nf oi}fl hfl}bolfm }nf bssvf bl ` cvz(
sozr i`snbol `lm blmbc`}fm }n`} Bz`l c`l soayf b}s
owl {zojafhs `lm mofs lo} lffm }nf Vlb}fm
S}`}fs, Nf sffhs }o gflvblfar jfabfyf }nbs {zbl(
cb{af! wnbcn `{{f`zs }o jf ` zfiafc}bol oi nbsoyfz`aa wozamybfw,
[o}fl}b`a Cn`lgfs bl Bz`lb`l Iozfbgl [oabcrH`l`gfhfl}Bi }nf cn`lgfs bl svjs}`l}byf {oabcbfs wbaa jf
h`zgbl`a! wn`} wbaa cn`lgf mvzblg
@nh`mblfe`m‒s {zfsbmflcr? ]nfzf `zf sohf
bssvfs oi s}raf `lm ybsbol }n`} lffm }o jf sczv}b(
lbufm, Ibzs} bs }nf zbsd(}`dblg {zo{flsb}r }n`}
}nf lfw {zfsbmfl} jzblgs }o }nf eoj, ]nbs }z`b}
a`zgfar mfzbyfs izoh nbs s}zolg sfai(colibmflcf,Nbs {bovs `lm zfabgbovs v{jzblgblg covam jf `
sovzcf oi }nbs sfai(colibmflcf, Sfcolm bs }nf
{fzcfbyfm h`lm`}f oi }nf colsfzy`}byfs `s `
zfsva} oi }nf a`lmsabmf ybc}ozr bl }nf fafc}bol
n`s zfbliozcfm }nf sflsf oi zf(afgb}bhbu`}bol oi
}nf Bsa`hbc Zf{vjabc oi Bz`l! nflcf blefc}blg
izfsn flfzgr }n`} wbaa fhjoamfl }nf lfw ioz(
fbgl lm sfcvzb}r {oabcr fab}f, A`s}ar! }nf a`cd oi
f~{fzbflcf bl iozfbgl {oabcr zf`s covam sbh{ab(
ir }nf coh{af~ zfa`}bols wb}n }nf ov}sbmf wozam
`lm mff{fl }nf f~bs}blg hbscolcf{}bols `lm
hbscohhvlbc`}bols,
[ossbjaf f~}flsbyf s}`ii cn`lgf `lm zf`abgl(
hfl} oi }nf iozfbgl {oabcr(h`dblg `{{`z`}vs
bs woz}nr oi `}}fl}bol, Bi Hz, @nh`mblfe`m
ivaibaas nbs {zohbsfs oi jzblgblg bl lfw jaoom
}o }nf iozfbgl {oabcr cohhvlb}r! }nf f~bs}blg
`zz`lgfhfl}s covam cn`lgf bl i`yoz oi n`zm(
ablfz bls}b}v}bols, ]nfsf bls}b}v}bols! }nf
Zfyoav}bol`zr Gv`zm ioz bls}`lcf! n`yf }nf
{o}fl}b`a oi hoyblg jfrolm }nfbz colyfl}bol(
`a {vzybfw bl l`}bol`a sfcvzb}r }o }nf hozf
zov}blf `zf`s oi iozfbgl {oabcr, @a}novgn }nf
}z`mb}bol`a j`a`lcf oi jvzf`vcz`}bc s}zvc}vzfs
covam v{sf} }nf {zocfss! b} bs colcfby`jaf }n`}
}nfsf ov}ib}s h`r jf iozcfm }o o{fz`}f bl `
hozf {z`gh`}bc i snbol, Hozfoyfz! }nf bls}b(}v}bol`abufm s}zvc}vzfs `zf hvcn hozf
zfsbabfl} `lm wovam bl `aa abdfabnoom {v} v{
sohf ibgn} bl zfs{olsf }o f~}zfhf mf{`z}vzfs
izoh fs}`jabsnfm {oabcbfs, ]nf izbc}bol wb}n
}nf }fcnlocz`}bc j`sf oi iozfbgl {oabcr
h`cnblfzr covam bl `aa abdfabnoom czf`}f hozf
blfiibcbflcr,
Hz, @nh`mblfe`m‒s wozamybfw sffhs }o
zfiafc} `l fg`ab}`zb`l `{{zo`cn }o }nf bl}fzl`(
}bol`a srs}fh, Nf mofs lo} n`yf ` iozfbgl {oab(
cr jv} ` ybsbol oz `}}b}vmf }n`} nf`ybar mf{flmsol l`}bol`a {owfz `lm sfai(zfab`lcf, @s ` }fcn(
locz`}bc hfhjfz oi }nf sfcolm gflfz`}bol oi
colsfzy`}byfs! @nh`mblfe`m {fzsolbibfs }nf
abld jf}wffl }nf zfyoav}bol`zr m`rs oi }nf
02>;s `lm }nf mfyfao{hfl} bh{fz }byfs oi }nf
022;s `lm f`zar }wfl}r ibzs} cfl}vzr, Nbs oyfz(
`aa {os}vzfs svggfs} ` hozf blw`zm(aoodblg
`{{zo`cn }o jo}n mohfs}bc `lm iozfbgl {oabcr,
Wbaa }nf }zb{af fiifc}s oi }nfsf cn`lgfs af`m }o
}nf zf(socb`abu`}bol oi }nf Bsa`hbc Zf{vjabc oi
Bz`l‒s iozfbgl {oabcr h`cnblfzr? B} wovam`zgv`jar jf f~}zfhfar mbiibcva} ioz Bz`l }o
zfyfz} j`cd }o }nf gf oi bmfoaogr4 jv} abhb}fm
{`z`mbgh`}bc cn`lgf! fs{fcb`aar `} }nf }o{ fcn(
faols oi }nf jvzf`vcz`cr! bs {zoj`jaf,
Colcavsbol]nf {zfsbmflcr oi @nh`mblfe`m h`r {zomvcf
hozf cn`lgf bl iozh `lm s}raf }n`l svjs}`lcf
bl Bz`l‒s iozfbgl {oabcr mbzfc}bol, Jv} `s s}v(
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HBMMAF F@S] [ZOGZ@H OCC@SBOL@A [@[FZ SFZBFS SVHHFZ :;;6
09
mfl}s oi bl}fzl`}bol`a zfa`}bols `zf blczf`sblgar
`zgvblg! }nf iozh `lm s}raf! {`z}bcva`zar bl `
zfgbol wnfzf a`lgv`gf `lm srhjoas oi}fl
}zvh{ o}nfz colsbmfz`}bols! covam n`yf sbglbib(
c`l} h`}fzb`a `lm {oabcr colsfpvflcfs, @} `
}bhf wnfl Bz`l bs }z`lsiozhblg izoh `l `l}b(
s}`}vs pvo {owfz }o ` zfgbol`a sv{fz{owfz bl
sf`zcn oi `ccohhom`}bol `lm zfcoglb}bol! }nf
zbsf oi ` i`bzar vldlowl {oab}bcb`l `s }nf {zfsb(
mfl} oi }nf Bsa`hbc Zf{vjabc wb}n ` {o{vabs}
`gflm` `lm afss(}n`l(izbflmar bh`gf wbaa cfz(
}`blar jf ` cn`aaflgf, Nowfyfz! b} bs vlabdfar
}n`} nf wovam oz covam s}o{ }nf }z`lsb}bol`a
{zocfss }n`} Bz`l bs goblg }nzovgn, Nbs h`eoz
blb}b`a cn`aaflgf bs blcbmfl}`aar now }o n`lmaf
}nf mbgb}`abufm cohhvlbc`}bols lf}wozds oi
bh`gf(h`dblg `lm srhjoabc zf{zfsfl}`}bol!
wnbcn n`yf so i`z gbyfl nbh yfzr zovgn s} z},
Bz`l‒s Lfw [zfsbmfl} `lm Zfa`}bols wb}n }nf V,S,Jr Sn`va J`dn`sn! Ca`zflcf Zojblsol [zoifssoz oi Nbs}ozr! Gfozgf H`sol Vlbyfzsb}r
H`nhovm @nh`mblfe`m! Bz`l‒s lfw {zfsbmfl}!
s`bm ab}}af ol iozfbgl {oabcr bssvfs”blcavmblg
zfa`}bols wb}n }nf V,S,”mvzblg }nf fafc}bolc`h{`bgl, Nf mbm s`r }n`} lfgo}b`}bols wb}n
W`snblg}ol mo lo} z`ld nbgn ol nbs {zbozb}bfs,
Nf cn`zgfm Bz`lb`l mb{aoh`}s wb}n jfblg
„wf`d‒ bl lfgo}b`}bols wb}n }nf FV oyfz Bz`l‒s
lvcaf`z {zogz`h, Nf `ssfz}fm Bz`l‒s zfsovzcfs
snovam jf f~{aob}fm jr Bz`lb`ls z`}nfz }n`l ioz(
fbgl ibzhs, Jv} }nfsf cohhfl}s svggfs} l }}b(
}vmf! ` {os}vzf! z`}nfz }n`l wfaa(}novgn} ov}
{oabcr {osb}bols,
]nf i`c}ozs col}zbjv}blg }o col}blvb}r bl
Bz`l‒s iozfbgl {oabcr `zf lvhfzovs `lm svjs}`l(}b`a, Jv} }nf fafc}bol oi @nh`mblfe`m blefc}s
lfw `lm {ossbjar vlsf}}ablg blgzfmbfl}s bl}o
}nf fpv`}bol,
Ol }nf olf n`lm! Bz`l‒s iozfbgl {oabcr ol
h`eoz bssvfs”Bz`l‒s lvcaf`z {zogz`h! b}s sv{(
{oz} ioz Nbuj`aa`n bl Afj`lol `lm Bsa`hbc
Ebn`m ol }nf Wfs} J`ld! b}s o{{osb}bol }o Bsz`fa!
}nf lvz}vzblg oi zfa`}bols wb}n h`eoz {owfzs
o}nfz }n`l @hfzbc` abdf Cnbl`! Zvssb`! E`{`l!
Blmb` `lm }nf FV”bs va}bh`}far }nf {zfzog`}byf
oi }nf Af`mfz! @r`}oaa`n Dn`hflfb, ]nf goy(
fzlhfl}! ioz f~`h{af! covam lo} fl}fz bl}o
lfgo}b`}bols wb}n }nf V,S, wb}nov} }nf Af`mfz‒s
`gzffhfl}, Ol }nfsf h`eoz bssvfs! blcavmblg
}nosf oi bl}fzfs} }o }nf V,S,! }nfzf bs ` a`zgf
mfgzff oi colsflsvs `holg }nf iozfbgl {oabcr
fab}f `lm colsbs}flcr `lm col}blvb}r bl }nf a`s}
sfyfz`a rf`zs, Bz`l‒s lfgo}b`}blg {osb}bol ol b}s
lvcaf`z {zogz`h bs lo} abdfar }o cn`lgf jfc`vsf
` lfw {zfsbmfl} n`s cohf }o oiibcf, Bz`l‒s aolg(
}fzh fcolohbc ojefc}byfs `zf sn`{fm jr }nf
ibyf(rf`z mfyfao{hfl} {a`l, Blsoi`z `s }nfsf
mfyfao{hfl} {zogz`hs zfa`}f }o iozfbgl zfa`(}bols”cols}zvc}bol oi h`eoz bliz`s}zvc}vzf
`lm blmvs}zb`a {zoefc}s! iozfbgl }z`mf `lm blyfs}(
hfl}! oba”@nh`mblfe`m‒s izffmoh }o z`mbc`aar
cn`lgf mbzfc}bol bs abhb}fm,
Ol }nf o}nfz n`lm! bl iozfbgl {oabcr! s}raf
`lm }olf mo h`}}fz, @ iozfbgl {oabcr `{{zo`cn
cn`z`c}fzbufm jr svs{bcbol oi }nf ov}sbmf wozam
`lm blmbiifzflcf }o wn`} o}nfzs }nbld oi Bz`l
c`l vlmo }nf {`}bfl} iflcf(jvbamblg wb}n }nf
bl}fzl`}bol`a cohhvlb}r oi zfcfl} rf`zs, N`m
Z`is`le`lb jffl fafc}fm {zfsbmfl}! nf wovam`ahos} cfz}`blar n`yf {v} ov} iffafzs }o }nf
V,S,4 @nh`mblfe m wbaa lo} mo so, @a}novgn
Dn`hflfb cfz}`blar flmozsfm }nf wbaablglfss
nbgn(z`ldblg Bz`lb`l oiibcb`as f~{zfssfm bl }nf
a`s} }wo rf`zs }o }`ad }o W`snblg}ol! Dn`hflfb
n`s `aw`rs jffl sdf{}bc`a `jov} }nf {ossbjbab}r
`lm fyfl }nf vsfivalfss }o Bz`l oi ` z`{{zocnf(
hfl} wb}n @hfzbc`, @nh`mblfe`m‒s lfg`}byf
`}}b}vmf }o }nf V,S, covam }nfzfiozf zfsol`}f
wb}n }nf Af`mfz,
Yobcfs bl }nf iozfbgl {oabcr fs}`jabsnhfl}
`zgvblg ioz homfz`}bol `lm iaf~bjbab}r bl ioz(
fbgl zfa`}bols wovam jf wf`dflfm lm n`zmablf
yobcfs s}zflg}nflfm bi }nf lfw {zfsbmfl} bs
`aaowfm jr }nf Af`mfz }o zf{a`cf dfr iozfbgl
{oabcr oiibcb`as wb}n hfl `lm wohfl wno
sn`zf nbs ybfws, Dn`hflfb h`r cnoosf }o
`ccohhom`}f @nh`mblfe`m ol jo}n iozfbgl
`lm mohfs}bc bssvfs jfc`vsf }nf lfw {zfsbmfl}
n`s sv{{oz} `holg }nf s`hf cols}b}vflcr ol
8/2/2019 Iran After the June 2005 Presidential Election
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07
]nf Bz`lb`l S}zff} bl }nf [os}(Dn`}`hb Fz`Jr D`zbh S`me`m{ovz! @l`ars}! Bl}fzl`}bol`a Czbsbs Gzov{! ]fnz`l! Bz`l
wnbcn }nf Af`mfz zfabfs”}nf Zfyoav}bol`zr
Gv`zms! }nf j`sbe {`z`(hbab}`zr iozcfs! }nf col(
sfzy`}byf fafhfl}s `holg }nf cafzgr `lm }nf
vzj`l {ooz,
]nf ibzs} ifw hol}ns oi }nf @nh`mblfe`m
{zfsbmflcr wbaa blmbc`}f wnf}nfz }nf iozcfs oi
col}blvb}r oz oi cn`lgf bl iozfbgl {oabcr wbaa
{zfy`ba,
Jv} Bz`l(V,S, zfa`}bols vlmfz `l
@nh`mblfe`m {zfsbmflcr wbaa lo} mf{flm ol
Bz`l `aolf, ]nfr wbaa `aso jf sn`{fm jr
W`snblg}ol, @} }nf hohfl}! }nf Jvsn
@mhblbs }z`}bol snows lo blc abl`}bol }o
flg`gf Bz`l4 b}s {oabcr }ow`zms }nf Bsa`hbc
Zf{vjabc n`s jffl cn`z`c}fzbufm jr nos}bab}r
`lm ivuublfss, ]nf @mhblbs}z`}bol ioz ` aolg
}bhf }ood ` mbshbssbyf `}}b}vmf }ow`zms }nf
FV‒s lfgo}b`}bols wb}n ]fnz`l oyfz Bz`l‒slvcaf`z {zogz`h jfiozf b} ibl`aar flmozsfm
}nfsf lfgo}b`}bols a`s} rf`z, Jv} fyfl low!
@hfzbc`l blsbs}flcf }n`} Bz`l fl}bzfar gbyf v{
b}s ivfa flzbcnhfl} {zogz`h zfh`bls vlzf`a(
bs}bc4 `lm wb}n }nf V,S, s}baa cn`zr oi `{{f`z(
blg }o h`df „colcfssbols‒ }o Bz`l! `lr {`cd(
`gf }nf FV oiifzs }o Bz`l bs jovlm }o i`ba
wb}nov} ivaa @hfzbc`l {`z}bcb{`}bol,
@ {zo{osfm `gzffhfl} ioz }nf sv{{ar oi
Bz`lb`l l`}vz`a g`s }o Blmb` yb` ` {b{fablf
czossblg [`dbs}`l wovam gzf`}ar cfhfl} zfa`(
}bols `lm f`sf }flsbols jf}wffl Blmb` `lm
[`dbs}`l, Rf} }nf Jvsn @mhblbs}z`}bol n`s
{zfssvzfm jo}n Blmb` `lm [`dbs}`l }o `j`l(
mol }nf mf`a, W`snblg}ol‒s zfivs`a }o
`cdlowafmgf }n`} Bz`l n`s afgb}bh`}f bl}fzfs}s
bl Bz`p `lm b}s zf{f`}fm `aafg`}bols oi Bz`lb`l
„hfmmablg‒ bl }n`} covl}zr `zf jv} ivz}nfz
f~`h{afs oi ` Jvsn @mhblbs}z`}bol {oabcr
}n`} c`l n`zmar jf zfg`zmfm `s izbflmar bl
]fnz`l, Ybcf([zfsbmfl} Cnflfr‒s zfh`zd }n`}
Bsz`fa h`r `}}`cd Bz`l‒s lvcaf`z i`cbab}bfs w`s
{zfsvh`jar }nf @mhblbs}z`}bol‒s w`r oi {zfs(
svzblg Bz`l }o gbyf v{ b}s lvcaf`z `hjb}bols,
Jv} svcn yfbafm }nzf`}s! hvcn abdf }nf `hjb(
gvb}r }nf @mhblbs}z`}bol i`yozs bl b}s `}}b}vmf
}ow`zms }nf FV(Bz`l lfgo}b`}bols! olar zfbl(iozcf movj} bl ]fnz`l `jov} }nf Jvsn
@mhblbs }z`}bol‒s va} bh`}f bl}fl}bols `lm
flcovz`gf Bz`l }o `mo{} ` {os}vzf oi `hjbgv(
b}r! s`r ol b}s lvcaf`z {oabcr! `s wfaa,
]nf m`lgfz bs }n`} n`zmfz ablf vlmfz lfw
{zfsbmfl} bl ]fnz`l wbaa zfbliozcf n`zmablf `}}b(
}vmfs bl W`snblg}ol, [zos{fc}s ioz `l
bh{zoyfhfl} bl zfa`}bols jf}wffl Bz`l `lm }nf
V,S, mo lo} aood {zohbsblg,
]nf svz{zbsblg ybc}ozr oi colsfzy`}byf ]fnz`l
H`roz H`nhovm @nh`mblfe`m bl Bz`l‒s
zfcfl} {zfsbmfl}b`a fafc}bols iozcfs `l`ars}s
`lm ojsfzyfzs oi Bz`l }o go jfrolm }nf col(
yfl}bol`a wbsmoh }n`} Bz`l‒s rov}niva {o{va`(
}bol bs coh{osfm a`zgfar oi izffmoh ibgn}fzs
bl sf`zcn oi mfhocz`cr! socb`a izffmohs! `lm
zfa`}bols wb}n }nf Vlb}fm S}`}fs, @i}fz `aa! Hz,
@nh`mblfe`m w`s }nf olar olf oi Bz`l‒s sfyfl
{zfsbmfl}b`a c`lmbm`}fs wno s{odf ab}}af .bi `}
`aa" `jov} mfhocz`cr! socb`a abjfz`abu`}bol! `lm
zfa`}bols wb}n }nf Vlb}fm S}`}fs! iocvsblg
bls}f`m ol {o{vabs} }nfhfs svcn `s fcolohbc
evs}bcf `lm mfabyfz`lcf, @lm }novgn lo
Bz`lb`l fafc}bol c`l jf c`}fgozbufm `s izff `lm
o{fl”gbyfl }nf i`c} }n`} olar c`lmbm`}fs
wno `zf sczfflfm jr }nf vlfafc}fm Bsa`hbc
Gv`zmb`l Covlcba `zf {fzhb}}fm }o zvl”
}nfzf bs lo mflrblg }n`} @nh`mblfe`m‒s hfs(
s`gf zfsol`}fm `holg ` lo} blsbglbibc`l} {oz(
}bol oi Bz`lb`l socbf}r wnosf fcolohbc ao} n`s
cf`sfm }o bh{zoyf! mfs{b}f }nf covl}zr‒s so`z(
blg oba wf`a}n,
Lolf}nfafss! n`yblg zfcfbyfm afss }n`l :;&
oi yo}fs c`s} bl }nf ibzs} zovlm! @nh`mblfe`m‒s
h`lm`}f snovam `} }nf s`hf }bhf lo} jf f~`g(
gfz`}fm4 nf bs s}baa jr `lm a`zgf `l vldlowl
pv`l}b}r bl Bz`l! snowblg v{ ol }nf l`}bol`a
{oab}bc`a z`m`z olar bl }nf a`s} }wo rf`zs,
Wn`}‒s hozf! `holg }nosf i`hbab`z wb}n
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HBMMAF F@S] [ZOGZ@H OCC@SBOL@A [@[FZ SFZBFS SVHHFZ :;;6
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@nh`mblfe`m‒s j`cdgzovlm `lm {oab}bcs! nf bs
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}bol `holg }nf aowfz blcohf ca`ssfs ioz nbs
fh{`}nr `lm sbh{af abifs}raf `lm colcfzl
`holg }nf hbmmaf `lm v{{fz ca`ssfs ioz nbs
zbgn}(wblg {oab}bc`a `lm socb`a af`lblgs, @s
svcn! }nf lfw {zfsbmfl} wbaa blnfzb} ` mbybmfm
socbf}r wnfl nf }`dfs oiibcf ol @vgvs} 3, Hz,
@nh`mblfe`m‒s cn`aaflgf wbaa jf }o abyf v{ }nf
aoi}r f~{fc}`}bols oi }nosf wno nfa{fm gf} nbh
fafc}fm! wnbaf `} }nf s`hf }bhf `}}fh{}blg }o
{`cbir }nf hbaabols wno jfabfyfm nf w`s lo}
}nf zbgn} h`l ioz }nf eoj,
Bl Sf`zcn oi Fcolohbc Mbglb}rIoz `lr ybsb}oz }o Bz`l! b} bs pvbcdar `{{`zfl}
}n`} }nf {zbh`zr colcfzl ioz }nf y`s} h`eozb}r
oi Bz`lb`ls bs ` a`cd oi fcolohbc mbglb}r,Mfs{b}f so`zblg oba {zbcfs `lm ` gzowblg Gzoss
Mohfs}bc [zomvc} .GM["! }nf goyfzlhfl} n`s
n`m ab}}af svccfss `hfaboz`}blg b}s }wbl @cnbaafs‒
nffas! blia`}bol `lm vlfh{aorhfl}! jo}n oi
wnbcn noyfz jf}wffl 06& lm :;&, Ioz oamfz
gflfz`}bol Bz`lb`ls! zfyoav}bol`zr {zohbsfs oi
fcolohbc evs}bcf `lm wf`a}n zfmbs}zbjv}bol
n`yf golf a`zgfar vlhf}4 {fz c`{b}` blcohf bl
}om`r‒s Bz`l bs fs}bh`}fm }o jf afss }n`l n`ai oi
wn`} b} w`s mvzblg }nf rf`zs {zboz }o }nf 0272
Zfyoav}bol, ]nf rovlgfz gflfz`}bol‒s fcoloh(bc {zos{fc}s `zf fyfl jaf`dfz, ]nf covl}zr‒s
mfhogz`{nbc jvagf”`zovlm n`ai oi Bz`lb`ls
`zf vlmfz }nf `gf oi :6”n`s afm }o ` scfl`zbo
wnfzf! `ccozmblg }o }nf goyfzlhfl}‒s owl s}`(
}bs}bcs! b} c`l olar ccohhom`}f zovlm n`ai oi
}nf `{{zo~bh`}far olf hbaabol {fo{af wno
fl}fz }nf a`joz h`zdf} f`cn rf`z,
]nbs fcolohbc `abfl`}bol {zoyfm }o jf }nf
hos} s`abfl} i`c}oz bl @nh`mblfe m‒s fafc}bol,
Bl ` covl}zr wnfzf {oab}bcb`ls zf oi}fl sffl s
sfai(sfzyblg! nf c`lcfaafm ov} }nf hbaabols o}nfzc`lmbm }fs s{fl} ol ia`snr! Wfs}fzl(s}raf `m
c`h{`bgls jr sbh{ar n`yblg nbs nvhjaf nohf
bl ` wozdblg ca`ss `zf` oi ]fnz`l jzo`mc`s} ol
s}`}f }fafybsbol, @s olf wozdblg ca`ss ]fnz`l
zfsbmfl} }oam hf! ‑Nf h`r lo} jf `jaf }o soayf
`aa ovz fcolohbc {zojafhs! jv} `} af`s} nf
wol‒} flzbcn nbhsfai bl }nf {zocfss oi }zrblg,‘
So! bl }nf col}f~} oi Bz`l‒s wbmfs{zf`m fcoloh(
bc h`a`bsf! {fzn`{s b} snovam lo} n yf jffl so
svz{zbsblg }n`} }nf c`lmbm`}f wno {zoefc}fm `
nvhjaf! blcozzv{}bjaf bh`gf! wno }`adfm
`jov} svjsbmbfs lm nfa{blg }nf {ooz! {zfy`bafm
oyfz }nf c`lmbm`}fs wno wfzf }`adblg `jov}
socb`a abjfz`abu`}bol! mfhocz`cr! `lm nvh`l
zbgn}s, @s ]fnz`l Vlbyfzsb}r [oab}bc`a Scbflcf
[zoifssoz L`ssfz N`mb`l {}ar {v} b}! ‑Rov c`l‒}
f`} mfhocz`cr lm nvh`l zbgn}s,‘
]fnz`l Bs Lo} @ Hbczocosh @lo}nfz zf`sol }nf fafc}bol zfsva}s }ood `l`(
ars}s `lm ojsfzyfzs jr svz{zbsf bs }n`} ]fnz`l bs
lo} ` hbczocosh oi Bz`l, Sbhba`z }o vzj`lb}fs
`zovlm }nf wozam! ]fnz`l‒s {o{va`}bol bs gflfz(
`aar hozf {zogzfssbyf! hozf bliozhfm! `lm
hozf {oab}bcbufm }n`l }nf zfs} oi }nf covl}zr,
Z`}nfz }n`l zfar ol oiibcb`a s}`}f }fafybsbol s b}s
soaf lfws sovzcf! ]fnz`l jo`s}s hvcn nbgnfzz`}fs oi Bl}fzlf} {flf}z`}bol! s`}faab}f }fafybsbol
ybfwfzsnb{! `lm lfws{`{fz zf`mfzsnb{,
Hozfoyfz! {oab}bc`a mbscol}fl} bl }nf c`{b}`a bs
f~`cfzj`}fm jr f~n`vs}blg }z`iibc! sviioc`}blg
`bz {oaav}bol! lm nbgn blia`}bol, @lfcmo}`aar b}
bs blczf`sblgar mbiibcva} }o iblm ]fnz`l zfsb(
mfl}s”jf b} izoh }nf loz}n oz sov}n flm oi
}nf cb}r”wno n`yf i`b}n afi} bl }nf covl}zr‒s
{oab}bc a af`mfzsnb{, ]nbs sflsf oi `abfl`}bol
w`s `{{`zfl} bl }nf fafc}bol! `s ibzs}(zovlm
yo}fz }vzlov} bl ]fnz`l w`s olar 33& .`so{{osfm }o 9:& l`}bolwbmf",
Ov}sbmf oi ]fnz`l! Bz`lb`ls `zf sbhba`zar
mbss`}bsibfm wb}n }nf s}`}vs pvo! jv} }nfr zf i`z
afss {oab}bcbufm, [oab}bc`a mbscvssbol bs vsv`aar
cfl}fzfm zovlm }nf a`cd oi yb`jaf fh{aorhfl}
oz }nf nbgn cos} oi ‑hf`} `lm olbols‘ z`}nfz
}n`l ` a`cd oi {oab}bc`a `lm socb`a izffmohs,
]nbs {zfsfl}s ` gzowblg mbafhh` ioz eovzl`a(
bs}s `lm `l`ars}s coyfzblg Bz`l, Ol olf n`lm!
]fnz`l bs }nf covl}zr‒s {oab}bc`a nf`z} `lm sova
.wnfzf }nf 0272 Zfyoav}bol }ood {a`cf" `lmmfsfzyfs }nf abol‒s sn`zf oi }nf iocvs, Ol }nf
o}nfz n`lm! l }bol`a fafc}bols `zf blczf`sblgar
jfblg mfcbmfm ov}sbmf oi ]fnz`l! gbyfl }nf c`{(
b}`a‒s aow yo}fz }vzlov}, Wnbaf }nf sffhblg gvai
jf}wffl loz}n `lm sov}n ]fnz`l w`s fh{n`(
sbufm mvzblg }nf fafc}bols! hozf mbiibcva} }o zfc(
olcbaf ioz Bz`l w`}cnfzs bs }nf gvai jf}wffl
]fnz`l `lm }nf zfs} oi }nf covl}zr,
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02
Zbsf oi F}nlbc L`}bol`absh?Bl `mmb}bol }o Bz`l‒s fcolohbc `lm {oab}bc`a
mbscol}fl}s! olf oi @nh`mblfe`m‒s cn`aaflgfs
`s {zfsbmfl} wbaa jf }o `mmzfss }nf blczf`sblg
sbgls oi `abfl`}bol `holg Bz`l‒s f}nlbc `lm
zfabgbovs hblozb}bfs, ]novgn }nf wozms‑[fzsb`l‘ `lm ‑Bz`lb`l‘ `zf oi}fl vsfm bl}fz(
cn`lgf`jar! ab}}af oyfz n`ai oi }nf Bz`lb`l {o{(
va`}bol bs f}nlbc`aar [fzsb`l! }nf zfs} colsbs}blg
oi @ufzb ]vzds! Dvzms! J`avcnbs! lm @z`js .}nf
a`s} }nzff oi wnbcn `aso n`yf Svllb Hvsabh
{o{va`}bols! bl col}z`s} }o Bz`l‒s Snbb}f h`eoz(
b}r", Bl }nf ibzs} zovlm oi }nf fafc}bol! }nf ibyf
{zoyblcfs wb}n }nf aowfs} }vzlov}s wfzf fb}nfz
Dvzmbsn oz @ufzb zfgbols! `lm bl }nf a`s} ifw
hol}ns jfiozf }nf fafc}bol }nfzf n`yf jffl
blcbmfl}s oi zbo}blg `holg }nf @z`j `lm Svllb
hblozb}r cohhvlb}bfs bl }nf oba(zbcnDnvufs}`l [zoyblcf,
[fzn`{s }nf c`vsf ioz gzf`}fs} colcfzl } }nf
hohfl} bs }nf Dvzmbsn pvfs}bol, [`s} colyfl(
}bol`a wbsmoh n`s jffl }n`} Dvzms! wno h`df
v{ `zovlm 7& oi }nf Bz`lb`l {o{va`}bol! `zf
i`z caosfz nbs}ozbc`aar! cva}vz`aar! `lm ablgvbs}b(
c`aar }o [fzsb`l }n`l }nfr `zf }o ]vzds oz
@z`js, Nflcf Bz`lb`l Dvzms `zf i`z afss {zolf
}o `gb}`}bol }n`l ]vzdbsn oz Bz`pb Dvzms,
Wnbaf }nbs h`r jf }zvf! lfw mrl`hbc bl Bz`p
`lm ` lfwiovlm sfai(colibmflcf `holg Bz`pbDvzms n`yf sffhblgar `h{abibfm }nf sflsf oi
f}nlbc l`}bol`absh `holg Bz`lb`l Dvzms,
Yo}fz }vzlov} bl Dvzmbs}`l [zoyblcf w`s }nf
aowfs} bl }nf covl}zr! `lm `ccozmblg }o olf
eovzl`abs} .wno zfcfl}ar ybsb}fm }nf zfgbol"!
‑]nfr h`df ` colcfz}fm fiioz} }o s{f`d }nfbz
owl a`lgv`gf! iar }nfbz owl TDvzmbs}`lX ia`g
blsbmf }nfbz nohfs! `lm w`}cn Dvzmbsn s`}faab}f
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8/2/2019 Iran After the June 2005 Presidential Election
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/iran-after-the-june-2005-presidential-election 20/20
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