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Introduction to Biology
BELLWORK
Answer the following questions (answers only):
1. Name the organelle that supports the cell and provides shape?
2. Name the organelle that synthesizes (makes) proteins?
3. Name the powerhouse of the cell?4. Where are old cell organelles broken down
and digested?5. Which organelle controls entry in and out
of the cell?
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CHAMPS
C- Conversation- NO
H- Help- Raise your hand
A- Activity- We are taking notes
M- No movement
P- Sit quietly, eyes on paper, teacher or board. Writing
S- Signal
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Cell TransportThe Cell Membrane:
Molecules move in and out of the cell via Active
& Passive Transport.
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The Cell Membrane
•Gatekeeper
•Regulates what comes in and out
of the cell
•Main components: proteins and
phospholipids
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Cell Wall•Found only in plant cells and bacteria
cells
•Main function is support
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Solutions
•Mixtures of substances
•Ex. Salt + water; sugar + water
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Solvent vs. Solute
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Concentration Gradient
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Diffusion•The movement of molecules from
an area of high concentration to an
area of low concentration
•Molecules tend to “spread out”
•Requires no energy
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EquilibriumWhen molecules are evenly
spread throughout a space
Movie starring Christian
Bale called “Equilibrium”
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Osmosis
•The diffusion of water across a membrane
•The cell membrane is selectively permeable
•Watch the animation
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Rule for Osmosis
If the area outside the cell has
more salt – then water will be
sucked out of the cell
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U - Tubes
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Cells In Different Solutions
"ISO" means the same
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Hypo = less Cell may burst,
or organelles
called
“contractile
vacuoles”
remove excess
water
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Hyper = more Cell will
shrink or die,
plants wilt
Why is it dangerous
to drink sea water?
Why does pouring
salt on a slug kill it?
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Passive Transport•Requires no energy
•Diffusion & Osmosis
•Facilitated Diffusion – carrier proteins “help” molecules across the membrane
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1. Why is the water moving toward the left side of the beaker?
2. Which side of the beaker is hypertonic?
3. What is the solute?
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ACTIVE TRANSPORT
•Requires the cell to use energy
•Proteins or Pumps found in the
membrane move materials across
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Endocytosis
•Taking “in” large molecules by the cell
•Phagocytosis = “phood”, taking in food
particles
•Pinocytosis = liquid substances
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EXOCYTOSIS
•Removing large particles (waste) from the cell
•Stuff “exits” the cell
•Watch video at http://www.esnips.com/doc/2dad912f-9dcc-4936-89d9-1ae32c6125d2/Chapter-6---Endocytosis-and-Exocytosis
•Or McGraw Hill Site
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Be sure to know the following
terms for the test!•Diffusion
•Osmosis
•Selectively permeable
•Equilibrium
•Solution
•Facilitated Diffusion
•Hypertonic
•Hypotonic
•Isotonic
•Passive Transport
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•Active Transport
•Endocytosis
•Phagocytosis
•Pinocytosis
•Exocytosis