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Introduce the project
Africa IXP (Team 4)
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Introduce team members
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Connectivity in Africa• Fibre optic links are few and expensive
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Reliant on Satellite
• High satellite latency = slow speed, high prices• Growth of Internet businesses is inhibited
ISP BISP A
200-900ms
5-20ms
ISP 1
ISP 2
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Research & Education Institutions
• Research and Education Institutions in Africa are part of the people
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Internet Exchange Points
• Interconnection points of the Internet
• Place where ISPs come to interconnect
• Keep local traffic local
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Shortening the Chain
Internet
ISP A ISP B ISP C
IXP
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Grow local bandwidth
ISP A ISP B ISP C
NationalGateway
IXP
256k
512k
12
8k
1M
1M 1M
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Benefits
• Cut down costs– Up to 15%– 400 Million dollars is spent on local traffic that
is exchanged internationally.
• Add Value
• Improve Quality
• New Business and revenue opportunities
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Current Status of IXPs in Africa
• 2 large• 8 small• 4 in progress• 14 out of 53 countries
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Overall Goals
• Solution to the current situation with the IXP
• 3 IXPs in 3 countries???
• Solutions for NREN, how can they connect?
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Stakeholders
• ISPs
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IXP architecture
• Design of IXP– Layer 2 or layer 3 ?– Layer 2 with a router reflector
• Redundancy and load balancing
• Proposed equipment
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IXP architecture
ISP A ISP B ISP C
RouteReflector
Server
Switch 1 Switch 2
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IXP architecture
• IXP services
– WEB server– Secondary and/or primary DNS– Network statistics– Looking glass– …..– Transit traffic
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Resources
•SIDA – Funding of the project
•Cisco – Donation of switches offers training to ISPs
•AFRISPA – Have set up workshops in the countries to help prepare for the IXPs (with assistance from DFID)
•KTH – Use of workrooms, equipment for labs and offer lectures for technical teaching purposes
•Teaching Team & Coaches – Feedback, assistance in project matters
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Working Methodology
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Project Status / Achievements
● Technical proposal and design of IXPs were done for 3 countries: Burundi, Malawi, Zambia
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Training of project members
• BGP training: important topics
• Basic training related to IXP services: ➔ DNS➔ MRTG➔ Looking glass• Presentation training• IXP similation
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Convincing ISPs to connect
● Presenting economical benefits which will save expensive International bandwidth
● Showing how IXP will increase the speed of Internet
● Presenting how IXP will influence Internet applications development and open up web hosting opportunities
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Policy document
• Objectives of IXP
• Organization and management• Members conditions• Responsibilities
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Designed questionnaire for NREN road map
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Problems encountered by team
• Inefficiency in communication with local stakeholders
• Hesitation from stakeholders to join the IXP
• Budget (constraints and delays)
• Procurement procedures and shipping
• Dealing with the African business environment:
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Problems encountered by team
P: Inefficiency in communication with local stakeholders
- Different geographical location
- Absence of face-to-face communication
• S: use the technologies available
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Problems encountered by team
P: Hesitation from stakeholders to join the IXP
• Unawareness of benefits
• Need for a minimum number of members
• Organization of workshops and discussion of benefits
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Problems encountered by team
P: Budget Issues
- Constraints on the amount
- Delay in approval of budget proposal
- S: Proposal of different alternatives / Compromises in design
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Problems encountered by team
Procurement procedures and shipping
-Length and hard process
-Inability to ship some equipment
-Customs and clearing of equipment
S: Proceed immediately after budget approval / Make use of local participants
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Problems encountered by team
Dealing with the African business environment
- Low tolerance for change
- Presence of incumbents
- Size of organizations (very small)
- S: Cope with the cultural differences
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• Problems the team encountered– Delay in communication with local
stakeholders.– Budget (Constraints and delays)– Procurement procedures– Shipping– Multicultural interaction
• What we are currently working on
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“The next step”
• Implementation phase– Finish procurement– Handle shipping and customs clearing– Deploy IXP and testing– Training for local administrators– Policy document– Prepare road map document for NREN– Conclusion phase
• Documentation• Lessons learned
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• Finish procurement– Budget was approved– Compile final list of items– Contact vendors
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• Handle shipping and customs clearing– Clearing procedures different for each country– Tax rates different for each country – Tax customs duty and VAT
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• Training for local administrators– Made contact with cisco– Cisco proposed a train the trainers workshop
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• Deploy IXP and testing– Work with internet service providers– Draw configurations for internet
exchange point– Test configurations– Connect internet service providers
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• Policy document– Policy document will outline management of
IXP– Feedback on policy documents for each
country– Translation to French for Burundi
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• Prepare road map document for NREN– Document to address available infrastructure – Identify available terrestrial links– Recommend links that can be used
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• Documentation– Prepare for each internet exchange point– Services deployed
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• Lessons learned– Purchasing procedure takes considerable
time– Budget preparation should start early– Coordination
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Questions
• Maybe picture of ourselves?
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Thank you for listening
• Bye bye!