Download - Internet of the land
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The Internet of the
LandSteve Dawes
July 2014
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The pre-cursors
• In 2006 installed a 1-Wire weather station and a network of sensors
(temperature, humidity and lightning) in my house, conservatory and
greenhouse. Monitored with OWW (One Wire Weather) and own s/w
using a small LINUX system.
• Used X10 (signals over mains) for significant home automation
(scripts running under LINUX)
• In 2013 I did some experiments monitoring data-centre temperature
using 1-Wire networks with both LINUX and Arduino based hosts.
• Produced some very useful results
• Showed that we could do significant extra monitoring cheaply
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The 1st Watering System
• In 2010 decided to manage water and
automatically water my small greenhouse at home.
• Built an Arduino based system to pump water
between 3 tubs … to optimise rainwater
management and to feed drippers in the
greenhouse.
• The watering system worked, but not well. I learnt
some lessons!
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The lessons
• It required too much wiring!
• The s/w was cumbersome.
• The resistance based depth sensing (measured
full, half full and empty), was prone to error.
• The system was stand alone, hard to track status
and troubleshoot.
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Unexpected Problems
• Problems are not always the ones you expect!
• My anti-syphoning device whistled at a frequency
above my hearing threshold, unfortunately my
neighbours are slightly younger!
• In 2012 a drunk driver crashed into our house… (in
spite of it being in a quiet cul-de-sac)…… I haven’t
yet reinstated the weather and watering
systems…..
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The Land
• In 2011 we bought 1 acre of derelict land on May Hill in
Gloucestershire
• Besides being a lovely location intent was to grow
vegetables, both outdoors and under glass
• The location is10 miles from home. We did not want to
visit every day, indeed we wanted to be able to take
significant holidays.
• Solution:- monitoring and automation.... The Internet of
Things in action.
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2012 & 2013
• Cleared the land and improved the fencing
• Put in raised beds and planted fruit trees
• In 2013 constructed a 20.5 * 10.5ft and a 6 * 8ft
greenhouse
• Also a cabin with views!
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2014
• Built the 1st version of an IOT based watering
and monitoring system
• Powered by 12V battery and solar panels
• Has so far coped with two 3 week absences
• My intent is to develop it significantly further……
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The Tub Hardware
Processor
(Digispark)
CISECO ERF
(wireless)
Ultrasonic
Distance Sensor
Relay to drive
the Pump
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Sensor Network
CISECO XINORF
(= Arduino UNO + ERF)1-Wire
Temperature
DS1820B
Humidity
Sensor
DS9490RData Logging Shield
RTC + SD Card * Planning to add Soil Moisture Sensor(s)
* Initially based on the Data Centre work
* Under test in home greenhouse
* May separate logger in due course
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Monitor
UNO
GPRS Shield
4 * 20
LCD Display
Currently under development
CISECO ERF
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Issues to date
• Inconsistency of the depth sensor (echoes etc.)
• 1st Relay board and wireless interference
• Program memory in Digispark (6k)
• Plumbing and cases
• Slugs, rabbits, squirrels and mice
• It always takes longer than anticipated!!!!!!!
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IOT Thoughts
• Although what I have accomplished so far is
simple, some useful ideas and principles are
evolving.
• The next slides share some generic thoughts.
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Principles
• IOT devices should have a default behaviour and
not be dependent on a master controller
• Peer to Peer communication should be allowed
• Devices should be as simple as possible
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A Generic IOT Device
Wireless
Processor Sensor
Control
Optional
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Generic IOT Software
Protocol Engine
Rules Engine
Common Actions
Device Specific Actions
Monitors the wireless and
and actions any relevant
messages
Acts on rules stored in
non-volatile memory
Generic actions for the
rules to use
Device specific actions
for the rules to use
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The Rules
• Mean that a device can be repurposed without
having to change the code
• Rules loaded from a master controller
• After rules loaded master need not be present
• Needs to support complex conditional statements
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Example Rule
• IF [Device,Sensor] < 25 THEN {PUMP ON; DELAY
60;PUMP OFF};
• IF = Common Action
• [Device,Sensor] = Common Action, does and RQI to
get the info from the relevant device… in this case
soil moisture.
• PUMP ON/OFF = Device Specific Actions
• DELAY = Common Action
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My Next Steps
• Finish the current version of the monitor and deploy (by 1/9/14)
• Improve wireless range
• Select a soil moisture sensor and add to the Sensor Network (may not be 1-Wire) (by 1/10/14)
• Build a sensor network for each greenhouse (for 2015)
• May use SODAQ and combine sensor network functionality with the monitor
• Build an IOT fan controller (= water without the depth sensor), (for 2015)
• Change processor … (CISECO RFu 328?)… need more memory
• Use a water system with valve to let gravity top-up the greenhouse tubs (from 1000L tanks at
top of hill), (for 2015 if landslip problem sorted!)
• Finish 1st version of the rules engine
• Define/Adopt a protocol and implement it
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QUESTIONS?