Download - Intergenerational Emotional Communication
Intergenerational Emotional Communication
Between geographically separated grandparents and grandchildren
By: Rozina Sidhu Koskela
RELATEDNESS
Connectedness Intimacy Love Belonging Closeness Togetherness
(Hassenzahl et al; All you need is love)
COMMUNICATION
Digital gameplay Unified communication Telecommunications
THE CONTEXT
Traditional V’s modern families Geographic separation > Dependence on IEC’s
WHAT DO WE KNOW?
Grandparents & grandchildren play together
The way they conduct activities in the same place
face to face V’s technology mediated communication
DESIGN KNOWLEDGE
Use the basis of offline activities…(face to face)
To gain a design approach for: - online activities - evaluation of concepts - prototypes
ATTRIBUTES
Activity duration/exiting Scheduling activities Preparation & initiation Content of activities Shortness & simplicity Artifacts Social presence
(Fuchsberger, V., et al; Attributes of successful intergenerational online activities)
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
How do grandparents and grandchildren communicate over distance at the present day? How is the communication organized? Which factors affect communication over distance negatively?
Which face to face activities do grandparents and grandchildren conduct together for entertainment and for fostering their relationship? How are these activities organized?
What affects face to face activities negatively?
STRATEGIES
JOINT ACTION GIFT GIVING
(Hassenzahl et al; All you need is love)
JOINT ACTION
Artifacts that allow for carrying out an action together
Established routines v’s new routines Requirements for design: - activating communication - behavioral interdependence - selection of activities - serendipity
GIFT GIVING
Artifacts that demonstrate caring and valuing the other person by gift giving. Requirements for design: - reflection - effort and appreciation - thoughtfulness and similarity - symbolic communication
DISTRIBUTED HIDE & SEEK
A game that helps to bridge the gap
between grandparents and grandchildren separated by distance
(Vetere, F., Nolan, M., Raman, R., 2006)
CHALLENGES
Designing for the very young Designing for the elderly Supporting a playful activity Situating play “in the world” Strengthening social relationships Engendering pleasure
SCENARIO
Feedback: Voice communication Musical Reward
Sharing: Artifacts
Gift giving (Hassenzahl et al)
Psychological aspects/requirements for design
Roles: Swapping through toggling
Situation action - “Interrelationship between an action and context of performance” (Chen & Rada)
Joint action integrated into digital world
Connected play – repertoire of emotions
Content of activities > learning environment > virtual social presence
SITUATED PLAY
Design for technologically naïve > simple knowledge Consensual decisions made > change status Supports: preparation & initiation activity duration – opting out
OTHER FINDINGS…
TELEPHONE
Emotion through language Functionality v’s relatedness (Hassenzahl, et al)
Inability to contextualize shared experience (Feltham, F., et al)
Joint activity supported by synchronal joint information (Evjemo, B., et al)
A GIVEN CONTEXT “sharing the day’s events” - digital screen (pictures & drawings) + - telephone for voice communication “sharing grandma’s world” - Digital screen (sources of information) + - telephone for voice communication Sharing artifacts Ø connecting emotions Ø Social virtual presence
(Evjemo, B., Svendsen, G., Rinde, E., Johnsen, J. 2004).
EMERGING THEMES
Creation of meaning Narrative & Language
CREATING MEANING
Making games meaningful - Salen & Zimmerman Semiotics - well designed interactions Social & psychological experience – virtual game world
(De Schutter, B.,Vanden Abeele, V. 2010)
NARRATIVE & LANGUAGE
Emergent narrative: - coupled - context dependent
Explicit v’s implicit communication - explicit expression supported by expressivity - grandparents definition of role > trust
ANALYSIS
Face to Face
EMOTION
RELATIONSHIP TECHNOLOGY
Joint Action
Tech mediated
Happy & fun Comfort & yearning
Reassurance & obligation Identity & hope
Specific user for specific media
Doing things together
Object with
meaning
(Ref: Kim, H & Monk; emotions experienced by families living at a distance)
THANK YOU!