II. Boosting Economic Growth
Various regional infrastructure development initiatives for Africa have been taken up. Through the leadership of the AU and NEPAD, the 15th Ordinary Session of the African Union in July 2010 agreed to integrate several existing initiatives into the Programme for Infrastructure Development in Africa (PIDA), and endorsed the framework until the end of 2011. Currently, detailed investigations are underway in order to integrate national projects into regional and continental projects and to secure funding, targeting energy, water, transport, and ICT. In order to ensure consistency with PIDA, the Infrastructure Consortium for Africa (ICA), a platform for donors including Japan, is currently formulating a strategic business plan and moving ahead with donor coordination in individual projects within sectoral working groups.
TheYAP target for grant aid and technical cooperation for thissectorwasalreadyattainedin2009.However,moreassistanceisrequiredinsomesub-sectors,especiallytheirrigationsector.
The Status of Japanese Assistance – April 2008 - March 2011 (provisional)
(100 million yen)
Total amount of committed ODA projects in the infrastructure sector (April 2008-March 2011)
Transport PowerWater &
SanitationIrrigation
Loans 386.85 1,225.39 224.99 131.78
Grant Aid & Tech. Coop. 533.28 211.33 412.86 123.92
Improved infrastructure is central to increased competitiveness and productivity, as well as enhanced livelihoods. Regional infrastructure, such as transport corridors and power pools, offers tremendous
benefi ts. Given the costs involved, much greater investment from the private sector will be needed, including through public private partnerships.
In June 2010, the Government of Japan announced a “New Growth Strategy” and set promotion of “Development of Integrated Infrastructure Systems” as one of its national strategic projects. The government is strengthening support systems to enhance public-private partnerships in the infrastructure sector.
Japan’sfinancialandtechnicalsupportisconcentratedonselectedimportantcorridorsineachregion,focusingprimarilyonroadproj-ectsbutalsoincludingports,bridges,urbantransportandrailways.ThemaponthenextpageindicatesJapan’scooperationsince2008,includingnewprojectsfor2010.Japanintendstocontributetothedevelopmentofregionaltransportinfrastructurebasedonregionalpriorityprojects.Forthatpurpose,Japanintendstofurtherstrength-enitscooperationwithAU/NEPADandRECs.
Japanannouncedtheexpansionof“OneStopBorderPosts”(OSBPs)to14locationstofacilitatesmoothcross-borderprocedures.Sup-porthasalreadybeenprovidedfortenlocationsandpreparationsareunderwayfortheremainingfour.
JapanconsidersinfrastructureasanessentialfoundationtoachievetheMDGs. Inadditionto its roleof fosteringefforts foreconomic
growthinthecountryandregion,infrastructureservicesensuretherightofpeopletosurviveandliveasecureandhealthylife.Japanisaimingatachievinginclusiveandequitablecommunityempower-ment through development of regional transport infrastructure,payingmaximumattentiontosupportsystemsforincreasedfoodproductionandaccesstosocialservices.(ex.NacalaCorridorDevel-opmentprogrammeinMozambique)
Regional Transport Infrastructure
1. Infrastructure
Example of Japan’s recent assistance for the OSBP – at the border of Rusumo (Tanzania-Rwanda border)
OSBP at the Rusumo Border(rendering) (Photo: JICA)
(100 million yen)
7
Japan’s cooperation for regional transport infrastructure
1
1
2
5
7
8
9
3
3
4
4
6
TRANS-AFRICAN HIGHWAYSCairo—Dakar
Algiers—Lagos
Tripoli—Windhoek—(Capetown)
Cairo—Gaborone—(Capetown)
Dakar—Ndjamena
Ndjamena—Djibouti
Dakar—Lagos
Lagos—Mombasa
Beira—Lobito
12
5
789
34
6pavedunpaved
kilometres
0 1000
Rabat
Algiers Tunis
Tripoli
Namanga*
Rusmo**
Chirundu*
Mamuno/ Trans
Karahari**
Nairobi
Dodoma
Capetown
Gaborone
BrazzavilleKinshasa
Libreville
Bangui
YaoundéLoméAccra
NiameyOuagadougou
Monrovia
FreetownConakry
Banjul
Nouakchott
Kampara
Djibouti
Malaba*Taveta*Lungalunga/Horohoro*
Busia*
Isebania/Sirari*
Mutukula*
Tunisia
N’DJAMENABissau Bamako
KHARTOUM
ADDIS ABABA
MOMBASA
MTWARA
NACALALUSAKA
NAMIBE
LOBITO
LUANDA
DAKAR
AGADIR
LAGOS
WALVIS BAY
WINDHOEK
DURBAN
JOHANNESBURG
DAR ES SALAAM
CAIRO
HARARE
BEIRA
*E/NsignedinFY2008-2009(Apr.2008–Mar.2010)**E/NsignedinFY2010(Apr.2010–Mar.2011)
<OSBP>Construction&Tec.Coop.
Loan
GrantAid
TechnicalCooperation
JBICsignedabuyer’screditagreementtotalingupto7.9billionyenwiththeNational Authority for Tunnels (NAT) in Egypt. The loan will finance theprocurementbyNATofafleetofrollingstockfromMitsubishiCorporationforthefirstphaseofLine3oftheGreaterCairoMetroNetwork,whichconnectsCairocitywithCairoInternationalAirport.TherollingstocktobedeliveredwillbeproducedmainlybytheKinkiSharyoCo.,Ltd.,andToshibaCorporation.JBIC
thus supported the exports of Japanese firms.Thismetroproject,whichwillconstructapublicmass transit rail connecting thecenterofCairowith suburban districts, is expected to helpalleviate traffic congestion and enhanceenvironmentalperformanceinCairo.
Inrecentyears,Africa’sRegionalEconomicCommunities(RECs)havebeenpromotingregionalinfrastructureprojectstostimulateintrare-gionaltrade,andtherehavealsobeencasesoftheRECsconductingfeasibilitystudiesofregionalprojects.JICAiscurrentlydispatchingex-pertstoNEPAD,theEAC,theICASecretariatandtheWestAfricanEco-
nomicandMonetaryUnion(UEMOA)andintendstodispatchanex-perttotheSouthernAfricanDevelopmentCommunity(SADC)withinthisfiscalyear.TheutilisationofOtherOfficialFlows(OOF)isprogress-ingintheinfrastructuresectortopromotepublic-privatepartnershipthatwillfacilitatebusinessactivities.(SeeFigures)
Involvement of Regional Institutions and Promotion of Public-Private Partnership
Metro Construction Project in Cairo (signed on September 2, 2010)
Examples of Infrastructure Projects of Japanese Private Companies: Development of Electric Power Infrastructure by VISCAS
VISCASCorporation*isjustcompletingtheESKOM’sconstructionprojectofa765kV overhead transmission line from Hydrasubstation to the Perseus substation (routelength:155km).Thisprojectcoversapartofaplandrafted by the South African government toconstruct an extra high voltage powertransmission network between Johannesburg
andCapeTownwithtotallengthof1500kmtocopewiththechronicpowershortageinthecountry.VISCAShasalreadycompletedtwopreviousprojectsofthesamenetwork,with250km(Mercury-Perseus)and255km(Hydra-Gamma).VISCASisalsoundertakingtheMCA’sprojecttobuildahighvoltagesubmarinetransmission line (132 kV, 100MW, route length: 38km) to Zanzibar (UngujaIsland)fromUbungopowerstationinDaresSalaaminTanzania.*VISCAS is a joint corporation of The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. and Fujikura Ltd.
(image, Photo: Kinki Sharyo Co., Ltd.)
(Photo: VISCAS)
8
Cairo-Dakar CorridorMediterraneanRoadConstruction( )(Morocco,8.5billionyen)*
UpgradingofAtiaku-NimuleRoad(Uganda,3.4billionyen)*
RoadSectorSupport(Tanzania,7.1billionyen)*
Nacala CorridorNampula-CuambaRoadUpgrading(Mozambique,6.0billionyen)*
Mtwara CorridorMasasi-MangakaRoadRehabilitation(Tanzania,3.0billionyen)*
WideningoftheNewBagamoyoRoad(Tanzania,4.9billionyen)**
ConstructionofAccessRoadintheSouthernAreaoftheCapital(Madagascar,0.8billionyen)*
Lagos-Mombasa CorridorNileRiverBridgeConstructionProject(Uganda,9.2billionyen)**
Dakar-N’djamena CorridorConstructionofBridgesontheMali/SenegalSouthCorridor(Mali,Senegal,3.8billionyen)*
RehabilitationofPoidsLourdsAvenueinKinshasa(Secondphase)(DRC,3.4billionyen)**
Taakoradi CorridorImprovementoftheNationalRoadRoute8(Ghana,8.8billionyen)*
Namibe CorridorRehabilitationofPortofNamibe(Angola,3.9billionyen)*
Dal es Salaam CorridorReplacementofSouthRukuruBridgeontheMainRoadM001(Malawi,0.9billionyen)*
ImprovementofBlantyreCityRoad(Malawi,1.4billionyen)*
ImprovementofBlantyreCityRoad(Secondphase)(Malawi,0.9billionyen)**
ImprovementofLivingstoneCityRoad(Zambia,1billionyen)*
ImprovementofNdolaandKitweCityRoad(Zambia,2.7billionyen)*
RehabilitationofPoidsLourdsAvenueinKinshasa(DRC,1.8billionyen)*
ReinforcementoftheCapacityofMarineTransportinsidetheGulfofTadjoura(Djibouti,0.9billionyen)*
ConstructionofNairobiWesternRingRoads(Kenya,2.5billionyen)**
PublicTransportRehabilitation(Burundi,1.1billionyen)*
ConstructionofRusumoInternationalBridgeandOneStopBorderPostFacilities(DetailedDesign)(Tanzania,Rwanda,80millionyen)**
RehabilitationofRoadsandInfrastructuresforBujumburaCity(Burundi,2.7billionyen)**
OperationandMaintenanceofTrunkRoad:GohaTshion–DejenacrossAbayGorge(EquipmentSupply)(Ethiopia,1billionyen)**
ReconstructionofAwashBridgeonA1TrunkRoad(DetailedDesign)(Ethiopia,45millionyen)**
Lagos-Mombasa CorridorTransportFacilitationfortheBamenda-Mamfe-Ekok/Mfum-Abakaliki-EnuguCorridor(Cameroon,4.5billionyen)*
COAST
Tororo
400kV Planned transmission line220kV Existing transmission line220kV Planned transmission line132kV Existing transmission lineThermal & Geothermal power plantHydraulic power plantElectric power substationMajor city
★
Legend
Mombasa
Nairobi
Uganda
LessosProject Site
Kisumu
Olkaria
Tanzania
Kenya
★
★
Nairobi
Lichinga
Mandimba
Olkaria
Cuamba
Ile
Nampula
Montepuez
Nacala
TANZANIA
Sofala
InhambaneGaza
ZIMBABWE
SOUTHAFRICA
SWAZILAND
MOZAMBIQUE
ZAMBIA
Maputo
DelgadoMALAWI
Zambezia
Nampula
Niassa
Tete
Manica
Cabo
【Survey / Loan】RoadImprovementPlanandOSBPonNacalaCorridor(Cuamba–Mandimba)
【Grant Aid】TheProjectfortheConstructionoftheCuambaTeacherTrainingCenter(2007.06E/Nsigned,998millionJPY)
【Loan】Nampula-Cuamba Road Upgrading Project (2010.03E/Nsigned,5,978millionJPY)
COAST
Tororo
400kV Planned transmission line220kV Existing transmission line220kV Planned transmission line132kV Existing transmission lineThermal & Geothermal power plantHydraulic power plantElectric power substationMajor city
★
Legend
Mombasa
Nairobi
Uganda
LessosProject Site
Kisumu
Olkaria
Tanzania
Kenya
★
★
【Agriculture Development Program (ProSAVANA)】
Example of a major assistance project carried out by Japan in recent years:
“Olkaria-Lessos-Kisumu Transmission Lines Construction Project”Japanhasagreedtoprovide12.41billionyeninODAloanstoKenyainDecember2010tosupporttheconstructionofpowertransmissionlinesfromtheOlkariageothermalfieldtoKisumu(spanningroughly290km)andtheexpansionoftheelectricpowerstation.Inaddition,thisprojectaimstobringaboutstableelectricalpowersupply intheEastAfricanregion through coordination with ODA loan projects currently underimplementationinneighbouringUganda.
Incollaborationwithotherpartners,Japanissupportingpowerpoolsineachregion.
Regional Power Infrastructure
Efforts by Other TICAD Partners Regional infrastructure is a priority of theWBG, which is workingclosely with other partners to develop a more strategic and har-monisedapproachtoregionalinfrastructuredevelopment.
IDA/IBRD investments in infrastructure totaled $7.5 billion inFY2010,with$3.2billionofIDA–thesameamountasFY2009–pro-grammedtoinfrastructureprojects.Anincreasingshareisfundingregionalprojectstoaddress“missinglinks”inthecontinent’sinfra-
structure.IFChasalsorampedupinfrastructureinvestments.
IBRD/IDAlendingcommitmentsforenergyreached$4.7billioninFY2010,complementedbyincreasedadvisoryservicesandknowl-edgesharingtoimprovetheefficiencyandcapacityofkeyinstitu-tions.TheBank,IFCandMIGAareworkingcloselytogethertomaxi-mizeenergysectorsupport.
Integrated regional development in Nacala Corridor, Mozambique
(Photos: JICA)
9
InterconnectionofElectricGridsofNileEquatorialLakesCountries(NELSAP)GovernmentofJapan(yenLoan):Bujagari-Tororo(Ugandapart)(signedin2010,scheduledcompletionin2014)AfDB:Kenyapart
400kVMombasaNairobitransmissionlineFundbyAfDBandAFD(signedin2009,scheduledcompletionin2014)
【Survey / Loan】RoadImprovementPlanonNacalaCorridor(Mandimba-Lichinga) 【Loan】
Montepuez-LichingaRoadProject(2007.03E/Nsigned,3,282millionJPY)
PreparatorySurveyofJapan-Brazil-MozambiqueTripartiteCooperationonTropicalSavannaAgricultureDevelopment
【Survey / Loan】NacalaPortDevelopmentProject
【Survey / Grant Aid】TheProjectforTrainingHealthWorkersinNampula
【T/C】AgriculturalResearchCapacityDevelopmentProject
CandidateApproved/On-going/Completed
【Survey / Grant Aid】TheProjectforImprovementof20SecondarySchoolsintheNorthernRegion
【Survey / Grant Aid】TheProjectforConstrctionofBridgesoftheRoadbetweenIleandCuamba 【Survey / Grant Aid】
TheProjectforTrainingPrimaryTeachersinNampula