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HYPOTHESIS TESTING
Presented by,Divyamathi T.I MBA
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DEFINITION
Hypothesis :
Statement that may be judged as
true of false.
Hypothesis Testing :
The process of testing sample data
from a statistical study to determine
whether it is consistent with what is known
about the sample population.
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RESEARCH QUESTION
Usually posed in the beginning of a
research effort
Basic question about some issue or
phenomena or a question about the
relationship between two or more
variables.
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RESEARCH Q. HYPOTHESIS
Eg. For research Q.
"Do flexible work hours improve
employee productivity?“
"How do flexible hours influence
employees' work?"
The corresponding Hypothesis
“Flexible work hours improve employee
productivity.” (True or False / Accept or
Reject)
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BENEFITS OF HYPOTHESIS
Determine the focus & direction for a research effort.
Development of a hypothesis forces the
researcher to clearly state the purpose of
the research activity. Determine what variables will not be
considered in a study, as well as those that will be considered.
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GOOD HYPOTHESIS SHOULD BE:
Logically consistent
Be in step with the current literature
and/or provide a good basis for any
differences.
Be testable.
Be stated in clear & simple terms in
order to reduce confusion.
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TYPES OF HYPOTHESIS
Descriptive Hypothesis
Relational Hypothesis
Correlational Hypothesis
Causal hypothesis
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TYPES OF HYPOTHESIS TESTS
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PARAMETRIC TESTS
More powerful test
Uses interval and ratio data
From independent observations Uses statistical hypothesis testing
Z- testT- testF-testX 2 testANOVA
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NON – PARAMETRIC TESTS
Nominal & Ordinal data
Independent as well as related cases
Also uses interval & ratio data
Easy to understand & use
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NON – PARAMETRIC TESTS
Binomial or X 2 test
(1 sample & 2
sample case)
McNemar test
Fish exact test
Cochran Q test
Konglomorov-
Smirmov test
Runs test
Sign test
Mann-Whitney U test
Kruskal-Wallis test
For Nominal Data: For Ordinal Data:
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