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Human Trafficking:The Salvation Army’s
Response
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Overview
1. Human Trafficking Defined
2. The U.S. Context3. Our Operating Philosophy4. TSA’s Response5. Needs and Opportunities
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Human Trafficking Defined
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Recruitment Recruitment HarboringHarboring ObtainingObtainingTransportation
Transportation
Provisioning
Provisioning
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MeansMeans
FORCEPowerViolenceConstraint used against a person
FRAUD
An act of deception with criminal intent
COERCIONThreats of serious harm against any person; any scheme or plan intended to cause a person to believe that failure to perform would result in serious harm to another person, & the abuse or threatened abuse of the legal process
*Proof of force, fraud, coercion is not required for persons who have not attained 18 years of age.
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The US Context
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International Trafficking to the US
14,500 - 17,500 persons are estimated to be trafficked into the U.S. annually*
100,000 – 150,000 victims are estimated to be in the U.S.
*U.S. Department of State, Trafficking in Persons Report, 2004. Not disaggregated by age or gender. Estimate excludes internal trafficking.
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Top 10 Countries of OriginCertified Adult Foreign Victims (FY
2011)
Country of Origin # of victims % of total*
Philippines 119 26
Mexico 86 19
Thailand 34 7
India 28 6
Honduras 24 5
Indonesia 21 5
Guatemala 17 4
El Salvador 14 3
Republic of South Korea
10 2
Peru 10 2Source: U.S. Dept of Justice, 2013.*Percentages are rounded to the nearest whole number.
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Human Trafficking in the US
In fiscal year 2011, Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) made 938 arrests related to human trafficking, leading to 722 investigations and 271 convictions.
During the same time span, the FBI opened 183 human trafficking investigations in addition to 352 cases specifically related to the commercial sexual exploitation of domestic minors.
(U.S. Department of Justice, 2013)
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A few points about Sex trafficking
Our Operating Philosophy
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Operating Philosophy
Victims of sex trafficking are trafficked into and used in various sectors of the sex industry such as prostitution, pornography, and stripping. They may be exploited in more than one sector.
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Operating Philosophy
The success of the commercial sex industry and sex trafficking industries hinges on a consumer—the male sex buyer.
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Operating Philosophy
Sexually trafficked women and other prostituting women experience the same realities of life in prostitution.
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Operating Philosophy
Not all prostituting persons are sexually trafficked, but prostitution harms those in it, whether they are trafficked or not.
Ipswich, England: murder victims
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Operating Philosophy
All pimps ARE sex traffickers.
1. Kevin Provencher, New Hampshire Union Leader sports reporter turned pimp. Photo: gawker.com. 2. Allen Eugene Brown, “Prince.” Photo: NJ.com. 3. Tracy Lauren Marrow, a.k.a. Ice T, former pimp. 4. Maribel Rodriguez Vasquez, 2008, Los Angeles. 5, Fei Zhang, 2007, UK.
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Operating Philosophy
The vast majority of adult women in prostitution experience levels of psychological coercion, physical abuse, and torture that plainly classify them as victims of sex trafficking.
Pimp quote: “Both my hands swelled up because I beat the bitch so much.”
Image: Toledo Blade.
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Operating Philosophy
Sex is not work.
William Blake, Satan Watching the Caresses of Adam and Eve, 1808
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Operating Philosophy
God did not create any woman for the purpose of prostitution. In other words, prostitution is prima facie evidence of the fall.
William Blake, The Creation of Eve, 1808.
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The Salvation Army’s Response to Human Trafficking
Overview1. USA
Legislative Advocacy Raising AwarenessTrainingNorth American Anti-trafficking CouncilTerritorial Initiatives & Direct Services
2. SAWSO
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TSA US National Headquarters
Anti-Trafficking Efforts
Joined a broad spectrum of groups in Support of the Trafficking victims protection act of 2000
Spearhead webinars, email listserve, booths at conferences
iast.net web site.
www.salvationarmyusa.org/trafficking
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TSA US National Headquarters
Anti-Trafficking Efforts
ANTI TRAFFICKING TRAINING AND FAAST’S HANDS THAT HEAL MANUALS
INTERNATIONAL WEEKEND OF PRAYER & FASTING FOR VICTIMS OF SEX TRAFFICKING.
PRAYER GUIDES IN 7 LANGUAGES.
NORTH AMERICAN ANTI TRAFFICKING COUNCIL SPEARHEAD VARIOUS TERRITORIAL INITIATIVES AND DIRECT SERVICES AS FOLLOWS:
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TSA Direct Services Models & Hubs
Models: Case Management Drop-in-Centers Street Outreach Strip Club Outreach Leadership Training Mentoring Jail/Prison Outreach
Hubs: Orange County,
California Atlanta, Georgia Chicago, Illinois Las Vegas, Nevada Raleigh, North Carolina Cincinnati, Ohio Columbus, Ohio
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Cases Serviced 2008-2013 to date
260 total cases 21% labor trafficking 76% sex trafficking 3% both labor and sex 19% male 81% female 23% foreign national 77% American born
Hotline calls 2012 271
Country of Origin for Foreign Born Victims
PhilippinesThailandKenyaItalyBoliviaChileGuatemalaHondurasMexicoIndiaGermanySomaliaChina
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Salvation Army World Service Office
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Ecuador
SAWSO $46,000 – Confronting Human Trafficking through Community-based Initiatives
Photos: Lisa Thompson, The Salvation Army. 2005. Sign on a strip club in Ecuador advertising Columbian women.
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Mexico - La Gloria
Trafficking Prevention, Extended- Hours Day Care Center and Community Center
March, 2010
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La Gloria
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La Gloria
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Needs and Opportunities
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Needs and Opportunities
Education support/scholarships for job training Emergency medical and dental expenses Funds for activities/classes (to keep clients from
being idle while waiting for permanent programming)
Airfare (relocation and/or family reunifications) Housing Case Management/Counseling/Therapist Outreach
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God Fights for Us
“One of you routs a thousand, because the LORD your God fights for you, just as he promised. So be very careful to love the LORD your God.”
~ Joshua 23:10
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Contact Information
Commissioner Nancy RobertsWorld Secretary for Women’s MinistriesInternational Headquarterswww.salvationarmy.org/ihq/antitrafficking
Prepared by Salvation Army World Service OfficeNational Headquarters, USA